Οι γνώσεις και οι αντιλήψεις που αποκτούν οι μαθητές για την έννοια ενέργεια κατά τη διδασκαλία των μαθημάτων χημείας, φυσικής και βιολογίας Περίληψη Η έννοια «ενέργεια» κατέχει εξέχουσα θέση στη διδακτική των φυσικών επιστημών, επειδή αφενός ενοποιεί τους επιμέρους κλάδους των φυσικών επιστημών –χημεία, φυσική, βιολογία– κι αφετέρου παίζει καθοριστικό ρόλο σε πλήθος κοινωνικών και περιβαλλοντικών θεμάτων. Ο σκοπός της διατριβής είναι η διερεύνηση των τρόπων με τους οποίους οι μαθητές αντιλαμβάνονται την έννοια «ενέργεια» σε διάφορα χημικά, φυσικά και βιολογικά φαινόμενα. Το Σεπτέμβριο 2009 διεξήχθη ποσοτική έρευνα με ερωτηματολόγιο κλειστού τύπου –ερωτήσεις πολλαπλής επιλογής πεντάβαθμης κλίμακας– σε 162 μαθητές Α΄ τάξης και 147 μαθητές της Γ΄ τάξης τριών λυκείων της Αττικής. Με τη διασταυρούμενη ανάλυση των ερωτήσεων διαπιστώθηκε ότι οι μαθητές αντιμετωπίζουν την έννοια με συγκεκριμένους και ποικίλους τρόπους. Προκειμένου να ερευνηθούν οι τρόποι αυτοί σε βάθος, αποφασίστηκε να πραγματοποιηθεί ποιοτική έρευνα. Περίληψη σε άλλη γλώσσα Energy is one of the most discussed and most researched concepts in Science Education.
Free Statistics Book How to use R R is a powerful, free and open source, cross-platform, statistical and graphing software package;programming language;software environment for statistical computing. Downloading R[edit] Visit the R Project home page. Tutorials[edit] Books that are Helpful When Learning R[edit] See also[edit] External links[edit] Books[edit] HyperStat Online: An Introductory Statistics Textbook and Online Tutorial for Help in Statistics Courses Recommend HyperStat to your friends on Facebook Click here for more cartoons by Ben Shabad. Other Sources NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods Stat Primer by Bud Gerstman of San Jose State University Statistical forecasting notes by Robert Nau of Duke University related: RegressIt Excel add-in by Robert Nau CADDIS Volume 4: Data Analysis (EPA) The little handbook of statistical practice by Gerard E. Stat Trek Tutorial Statistics at square 1 by T. Concepts and applications of inferential statistics by Richard Lowry of Vassar College CAST by W. SticiGui by P. SurfStat by Keith Dear of the University of Newcastle. Introductory statistics: Concepts, models, and applications by David W. Multivariate statistics: Concepts, models, and applications by David W. Electronic textbook by StatSoft A new view of statistics by Will Hopkins of the University of Otago The knowledge base: An online research methods textbook by William M.
ΠΡΟΒΛΗΜΑΤΑ ΘΡΕΨΗΣ ΤΟΥ ΧΕΙΡΟΥΡΓΙΚΟΥ ΑΣΘΕΝΟΥΣ Mathematicians mapped out every “Game of Thrones” relationship to find the main character — Quartz Fans of the Game of Thrones books and TV series have long quarreled over who the true hero of the story is. Daenerys? Tyrion? But several main characters remain. Andrew J. The books and HBO fantasy series, with their massive cast of characters, various shifting allegiances, and intricate relationship dynamics, were a perfect fit to be studied mathematically. “This is a fanciful application of network science,” Beveridge told Quartz. The pair started by connecting characters every time they “interacted” in the third book of the series, A Storm of Swords. The resulting network structure (above) broke the characters into extremely accurate communities that show the geographical, familial, and even adversarial ties between them. “We didn’t tell it what the communities were, the network actually tells you what the communities are,” Beveridge said. Then the mathematicians ranked the characters by several different measures.
R by example Basics Reading files Graphs Probability and statistics Regression Time-series analysis All these examples in one tarfile. Outright non-working code is unlikely, though occasionally my fingers fumble or code-rot occurs. Other useful materials Suggestions for learning R The R project is at : In particular, see the `other docs' there. Over and above the strong set of functions that you get in `off the shelf' R, there is a concept like CPAN (of the perl world) or CTAN (of the tex world), where there is a large, well-organised collection of 3rd party software, written by people all over the world. The dynamism of R and of the surrounding 3rd party packages has thrown up the need for a newsletter, R News. library(help=boot) library(boot) ? But you will learn a lot more by reading the article Resampling Methods in R: The boot package by Angelo J. Ajay Shah, 2005
All your Bayes are belong to us! This week's post contains solutions to My Favorite Bayes's Theorem Problems, and one new problem. If you missed last week's post, go back and read the problems before you read the solutions! If you don't understand the title of this post, brush up on your memes. 1) The first one is a warm-up problem. Suppose there are two full bowls of cookies. First the hypotheses: A: the cookie came from Bowl #1 B: the cookie came from Bowl #2 And the priors: P(A) = P(B) = 1/2 The evidence: E: the cookie is plain And the likelihoods: P(E|A) = prob of a plain cookie from Bowl #1 = 3/4 P(E|B) = prob of a plain cookie from Bowl #2 = 1/2 Plug in Bayes's theorem and get P(A|E) = 3/5 You might notice that when the priors are equal they drop out of the BT equation, so you can often skip a step. 2) This one is also an urn problem, but a little trickier. The blue M&M was introduced in 1995. A friend of mine has two bags of M&Ms, and he tells me that one is from 1994 and one from 1996. Again, P(A) = P(B) = 1/2.
Kids and Credibility - An Empirical Examination of Youth, Digital Media Use, and Information Credibility | Δωρεάν βιβλία Free Ebooks How well do children navigate the ocean of information that is available online? The enormous variety of Web-based resources represents both opportunities and challenges for Internet-savvy kids, offering extraordinary potential for learning and social connection but little guidance on assessing the reliability of online information. This book reports on the first large-scale survey to examine children’s online information-seeking strategies and their beliefs about the credibility of that information. This Web-based survey of 2,747 children, ages 11 to 18 (and their parents), confirms children’s heavy reliance on the Internet. They are concerned about the credibility of online information, but 89 percent believe that “some” to “a lot” of it is believable; and, choosing among several options, they rate the Internet as the most believable information source for entertainment, commercial products, and schoolwork (more credible than books for papers or projects). About the Authors Andrew J.
Las consecuencias de no renovar el censo durante más de una década en Colombia Una persona con la piel oscura puede ser un negro, un afrocolombiano, un afrodescendiente, un libre, un renaciente, un palenquero, un moreno, un raizal o formar parte de la costeñidad en Colombia. La herencia africana y su posterior mestizaje se entienden de tantas maneras como sensibilidades se presentan, aunque sobre el papel sea difícil de explicar. La última vez que se contó a los colombianos fue en el censo de 2005 elaborado por el DANE (Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadística). Para intentar solucionar estos fallos censales, el Gobierno colombiano se ha pasado los últimos 10 años parcheando las estadísticas con la ayuda de una encuesta agropecuaria y cruzando datos de diversas administraciones públicas para “minimizar el efecto” que el tiempo ejerce sobre las proyecciones, explican desde el organismo de estadísticas. “¿Si no se sabe cuántos somos cómo se van a aplicar políticas públicas, cómo podemos reclamar nuestros derechos?”