Denisova hominin Discovery[edit] Tourists in front of the Denisova Cave, where "X woman" was found In 2008, Russian archaeologists from the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of Novosibirsk, working at the site of Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains of Siberia, uncovered a small bone fragment from the fifth finger of a juvenile hominin, dubbed the "X woman" (referring to the maternal descent of mitochondrial DNA,[11]) or the Denisova hominin. A team of scientists led by Johannes Krause and Swedish biologist Svante Pääbo from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, sequenced mtDNA extracted from the fragment. Later in 2010, a second paper from the Svante Pääbo group reported the prior discovery, in 2000, of a third upper molar from a young adult, dating from about the same time (the finger was from level 11 in the cave sequence, the tooth from level 11.1). In 2011, a toe bone was discovered in layer 11 of the cave, and hence was contemporary with the finger bone.
Fall Photo Checklist: a free download Click the links below to download any of my other printable photo checklists: If you're interested in a printer friendly version ALL of my photo checklists are available here in the Simple as That Digital Shop in one handy download. These checklists are filled with 400 photo ideas and photography prompts to jumpstart your own creativity and help you capture meaningful moments all year long! About the checklists: There are 8 checklists in the set They come in 8.5 x 11 and 5.5 x 8.5 sizes They coordinate with the Crystal Wilkerson 2013 planner They come in PDF + JPG format Printer friendly white background Checklists included in the set: 50 Photos of Everyday Life 50 Photos to Take with Your Kids 50 Back to School Photo 50 Travel Photos 50 Summer Photos 50 Holiday Photos 50 Spring Photos 50 Fall Photos These checklists are meant to be a jumping off point to inspire your own photo ideas and I hope they will inspire you to record some precious memories!
r?app_id=link_extend&guid=C6538142-3013-77B8-E6E8-35074A7A2760&time=130404412&ref_hash=6afeedaf&url=http:%2F%2Fen.wikipedia Discovery[edit] Tourists in front of the Denisova Cave, where "X woman" was found In 2008, Russian archaeologists from the Institute of Archaeology and Ethnology of Novosibirsk, working at the site of Denisova Cave in the Altai Mountains of Siberia, uncovered a small bone fragment from the fifth finger of a juvenile hominin, dubbed the "X woman" (referring to the maternal descent of mitochondrial DNA,[11]) or the Denisova hominin. Artifacts, including a bracelet, excavated in the cave at the same level were carbon dated to around 40,000 BP. A team of scientists led by Johannes Krause and Swedish biologist Svante Pääbo from the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, sequenced mtDNA extracted from the fragment. In 2011, a toe bone was discovered in layer 11 of the cave, and hence was contemporary with the finger bone. Anatomy[edit] Mitochondrial DNA analysis[edit] Nuclear genome analysis[edit] Interbreeding[edit] References[edit] Further reading[edit]
100 Ways to Use Strawberries Strawberry season comes but once a year, and before you know it, you’ve spent way too much at the farmers’ market buying an entire flat of them, only to panic when you remember they go bad faster than bananas. So what to do with all those juicy little red guys? Oh we’ve got your covered… Click on the photos for full recipes. 100 Ways to Use an Apple From bacon to bananas, find the rest of our 100 Ways here. Sponsored Content
Physarum polycephalum Physarum polycephalum, also referred as slime molds, belongs to the supergroup Amoebozoa, phylum Mycetozoa, and class Myxogastria. P. polycephalum, often referred to as the “many-headed slime,” is a slime mold that inhabits shady, cool, moist areas, such as decaying leaves and logs. It is sensitive to light; in particular, light can repel the slime mold and be a factor in triggering spore growth. Characteristics[edit] This protist may be seen without a microscope; P. polycephalum is typically yellow in color, and eats fungal spores, bacteria, and other microbes. P. polycephalum is one of the easiest eukaryotic microbes to grow in culture, and has been used as a model organism for many studies involving amoeboid movement and cell motility. Life cycle[edit] The main vegetative phase of P. polycephalum is the plasmodium (the active, streaming form of slime molds). If environmental conditions cause the plasmodium to desiccate during feeding or migration, Physarum will form a sclerotium.
Pumpkin Spiced Cream Cheese Breakfast Rolls Good Monday morning! Thanks to everyone who participated in the Nordicware giveaway last week, all of your pumpkin favorite recipes were making me hungry! Congratulations to the random picked commenter…..#336 Barbara Bakes. I’ll be emailing you this morning to get some info. I had such a great weekend. Ok, onto more pumpkin recipes!! I’m so excited to share these fun little sweet rolls that are jam packed with warm fall flavors of pumpkin and spice. Another simple recipe that’s perfect for brunch or anytime of day for that matter. Hope you all will enjoy, see you soon! Pumpkin Spiced Cream Cheese Breakfast Rolls 2 packages/cans Pillsbury Crescent Rolls 4 0z cream cheese, softened 1/4 Cup brown sugar 1/4 Cup canned pumkin (Libby’s) 1/4 teaspoon ground cinnamon 1/8 teaspoon fresh ground nutmeg 1. 2. Frosting 4 oz softened cream cheese 1/2 Cup powdered sugar 1/2 teaspoon vanilla 1 Tablespoon canned pumpkin (Libby’s) 1. Come back soon for more cookin’! Other recipes you may enjoy...
Want to Rewire Your Brain? Study Music All those hours practicing the piano pay off big time by biologically enhancing a person's ability to quickly recognize and mentally process sounds that carry emotion, according to a new study. The study, from Northwestern University in Evanston, Ill., offers a new line of evidence that the brain we end up with is not necessarily the same brain we started out with. "We are measuring what the nervous system has become, based on an individual's experience with sound," Nina Kraus, director of the university's groundbreaking Auditory Neuroscience Laboratory, said in a telephone interview. Kraus and a team of researchers attached electrodes to the heads of 30 people, half of whom were serious musicians and half of whom had no significant musical training. The electrodes measure electricity, "which is, of course, the currency of the nervous system," Kraus said. The participants, wearing earphones, sat in front of a monitor showing nature films with subtitles.
Semen Spermatozoa, in this case human, are a primary component in normal semen, and the agents of fertilization of the female ova Semen, also known as seminal fluid, is an organic fluid that may contain spermatozoa. It is secreted by the gonads (sexual glands) and other sexual organs of male or hermaphroditic animals and can fertilize female ova. In humans, seminal fluid contains several components besides spermatozoa: proteolytic and other enzymes as well as fructose are elements of seminal fluid which promote the survival of spermatozoa, and provide a medium through which they can move or "swim". Semen is produced and originates from the seminal vesicle, which is located in the pelvis. The process that results in the discharge of semen is called ejaculation. Physiological aspects Internal and external fertilization During internal fertilization, however, fertilization occurs inside the female's sexual organs. Composition of human semen The components and contributions of semen are as follows:
Monkeys "Go on Strike" When They Sense Unfairness November 13, 2007 In recent tests designed to assess monkeys' sense of fairness, a group of brown capuchin monkeys "went on strike" and refused to perform routine tasks when they saw others receiving greater rewards for the same tasks. The more effort the primates used to earn a reward, the more upset they appeared to be at the inequity, according to scientists who conducted the research. "In human terms it doesn't matter how hard you have to work for a million dollars," said lead researcher Sarah Brosnan of Georgia State University in Atlanta. "But there's a pretty low cutoff point on what you'll do for five." Building on previous research, Brosnan's team tested six pairs of monkeys on a simple task: handing a token to a human examiner in return for a food reward. When monkeys noticed that their partners received better rewards for the same task—a cherished grape instead of a bit of cucumber—they became likely to refuse participation, the study showed. Grapes of Wrath?
For Leaf-Cutter Ants, Farm Life Isn't So Simple Leaf-cutting ants and their fungus farms are a marvel of nature and perhaps the best known example of symbiosis, the mutual dependence of two species. But the textbook accounts, it turns out, do not tell even half the story. From research in the past five years the ants' symbiosis has emerged as far more intricate than it appears, involving not two but at least four species, their lives knotted together in a ruthless yet highly successful struggle for survival. The ants and their agriculture have been extensively studied over the years, but the recent research has uncovered intriguing new findings about the fungus they cultivate, how they domesticated it and how they cultivate it and preserve it from pathogens. For example, the fungus farms, which the ants were thought to keep free of pathogens, turn out to be vulnerable to a devastating mold, found nowhere else but in ants' nests. The ants' achievement is remarkable -- the biologist Edward O.
49 Fascinating YouTube Videos to Learn About the Human Body As any doctor, nurse practitioner or other health care professional knows, the body is an interesting system. In many ways, it’s like a machine, with many complex parts. There is a lot to learn about the body and how it works, as well as how its different systems interact to create a larger system. Here are 49 interesting YouTube videos that can help you learn about the human body: Brain Your brain directs the rest of the body’s functions. How the Body Works: The Regions of the Brain: An interesting look at the different regions of the brain, and what they are responsible for.Brain Anatomy Function: How brain works? Nervous System The nervous system brings messages from the brain to all over the body. How the Body Works: The Anatomy of the Central Nervous System: Find out how the nervous system is set up, and how it works.How the Body Works: Anatomy of Nerve: The nervous system is made up of thousands of nerves. Muscles Skeleton Circulatory and Respiratory Systems Other Systems