Mashup (web application hybrid)

Loot box Loot box concepts originated from loot systems in massively multiplayer online role-playing games, and from the monetization of free-to-play mobile gaming. They first appeared in 2004 through 2007, and have appeared in many free-to-play games and in some full-priced titles since then. They are seen by developers and publishers of video games not only to help generate ongoing revenue for games while avoiding drawbacks of paid downloadable content or game subscriptions, but to also keep player interest within games by offering new content and cosmetics through loot-box reward systems. Design[edit] A "loot box" can be named several different ways, usually related to the type of game that it appears in. The items that can be granted by a loot box are usually graded by "rarity", with the probability of receiving an item decreasing rapidly with each grade. The player's inventory is managed in server databases run by the game's developers or publishers. History[edit] Criticism[edit] China[edit]

Matte painting Painted representation of a location to create the illusion of an environment that is not present at the filming location A matte painting is a painted representation of a landscape, set, or distant location that allows filmmakers to create the illusion of an environment that is not present at the filming location. Historically, matte painters and film technicians have used various techniques to combine a matte-painted image with live-action footage. Background[edit] By the mid-1980s, advancements in computer graphics programs allowed matte painters to work in the digital realm. New technologies[edit] Significant uses[edit] Important traditional matte painters and technicians[edit] See also[edit] References[edit] Books[edit] Mark Cotta Vaz; Craig Barron: The Invisible Art: The Legends of Movie Matte Painting, Chronicle Books, 2002; ISBN 0-8118-4515-XPeter Ellenshaw; Ellenshaw Under Glass – Going to the Matte for DisneyRichard Rickitt: Special Effects: The History and Technique.

Lo-fi music Lo-fi (from low fidelity) is a music or production quality in which elements usually regarded as imperfections of a recording or performance are audible, sometimes as a deliberate aesthetic choice. The standards of sound quality (fidelity) and music production have evolved throughout the decades, meaning that some older examples of lo-fi may not have been originally recognized as such. Lo-fi began to be recognized as a style of popular music in the 1990s, when it became alternately referred to as DIY music.[1] Although "lo-fi" has been in the cultural lexicon for approximately as long as "high fidelity", WFMU DJ William Berger is usually credited with popularizing the term in 1986. At various points since the 1980s, "lo-fi" has been connoted with cassette culture, the DIY ethos of punk, indie rock, primitivism, outsider music, authenticity, slacker/Generation X stereotypes, and cultural nostalgia. Definitions and etymology[edit] Characteristics[edit] History[edit] See also[edit]

List of video game musicians Wikimedia list article The following is a list of computer and video game musicians, those who have worked in the video game industry to produce video game soundtracks or otherwise contribute musically. A broader list of major figures in the video game industry is also available. For a full article, see video game music. The list is sorted in alphabetical order by last name. A[edit] B[edit] C[edit] D[edit] E[edit] F[edit] G[edit] H[edit] I[edit] J[edit] K[edit] L[edit] M[edit] N[edit] O[edit] P[edit] R[edit] S[edit] T[edit] U[edit] V[edit] W[edit] Y[edit] Z[edit] References[edit] See also[edit] OverClocked ReMix

List of programming languages by type This is a list of notable programming languages, grouped by type. There is no overarching classification scheme for programming languages. Thus, in many cases, a language is listed under multiple headings (in this regard, see "Multiparadigm languages" below). Array languages[edit] Agent-oriented programming languages[edit] Agent-oriented programming allows the developer to build, extend and use software agents, which are abstractions of objects that can message other agents. Aspect-oriented programming languages[edit] Aspect-oriented programming enables developers to add new functionality to code, known as "advice", without modifying that code itself; rather, it uses a pointcut to implement the advice into code blocks. Assembly languages[edit] Authoring languages[edit] An authoring language is a programming language designed for use by a non-computer expert to easily create tutorials, websites, and other interactive computer programs. Concatenative programming languages[edit] Filetab Pure[edit]

Mensa International History[edit] Roland Berrill, an Australian barrister, and Dr. Lancelot Ware, a British scientist and lawyer, founded Mensa at Lincoln College, in Oxford, England, in 1946. They had the idea of forming a society for very intelligent people, the only qualification for membership being a high IQ.[6] It was ostensibly to be non-political and free from all other social distinctions (racial, religious, etc.).[10] However, Berrill and Ware were both disappointed with the resulting society. American Mensa was the second major branch of Mensa. Membership requirement[edit] Mensa's requirement for membership is a score at or above the 98th percentile on certain standardised IQ or other approved intelligence tests, such as the Stanford–Binet Intelligence Scales. Most national groups test using well established IQ test batteries, but American Mensa has developed its own application exam. Mission[edit] Organisational structure[edit] The largest national groups are:[21] Gatherings[edit] Publications[edit]

Metabrowsing Metabrowsing refers to approaches to browsing Web-based information that emerged in the late 1990s as alternatives to the standard Web browser. According to LexisNexis the term "metabrowsing" began appearing in mainstream media in March 2000.[1][2] Since then the meaning of "metabrowsing" has split into a popular and a more scientific use of the term. Popular use[edit] Akin to metasearch, the popular use of the term "metabrowsing" describes an alternative way to viewing Web-based information other than a single Web-page at a time. According to Dr. Scientific use[edit] There are several scientific papers that use the term to describe the browsing of "graphical representations" of documents. [edit] Quickbrowse was one of the first Web-based metabrowsing applications, enabling users to combine multiple pages into one vertical, continuously scrollable page for faster viewing. Technology[edit] See also[edit] Associative browsing References[edit]

Mixin History[edit] Definition[edit] Advantages[edit] It provides a mechanism for multiple inheritance by allowing multiple classes to use the common functionality, but without the complex semantics of multiple inheritance.[7]Code reusability: Mixins are useful when a programmer wants to share functionality between different classes. Implementations[edit] In Simula, classes are defined in a block in which attributes, methods and class initialization are all defined together; thus all the methods that can be invoked on a class are defined together, and the definition of the class is complete. In New Flavors (a successor of Flavors) and CLOS, methods are organized in "generic functions". CLOS and Flavors allow mixin methods to add behavior to existing methods: :before and :after daemons, whoppers and wrappers in Flavors. An example is the + method combination, where the resulting values of each of the applicable methods of a generic function are arithmetically added to compute the return value. ?

Monte Carlo method Probabilistic problem-solving algorithm Other examples include modeling phenomena with significant uncertainty in inputs such as the calculation of risk in business and, in mathematics, evaluation of multidimensional definite integrals with complicated boundary conditions. In application to systems engineering problems (space, oil exploration, aircraft design, etc.), Monte Carlo–based predictions of failure, cost overruns and schedule overruns are routinely better than human intuition or alternative "soft" methods.[2] In principle, Monte Carlo methods can be used to solve any problem having a probabilistic interpretation. By the law of large numbers, integrals described by the expected value of some random variable can be approximated by taking the empirical mean (a.k.a. the 'sample mean') of independent samples of the variable. In other problems, the objective is generating draws from a sequence of probability distributions satisfying a nonlinear evolution equation. Overview[edit]

Newsgame Newsgames, also known as news games, are a genre of video games that attempt to apply journalistic principles to their creation. They can fall into multiple categories, including current events, documentary, simulations of systems, and puzzle and quiz games. Newsgames can provide context into complex situations which might be hard to explain without experiencing the situation first hand. Journalists use newsgames to expand on stories so the audience can learn more about the information from in an immersive way. This genre of game is usually based on real concepts, issues, or stories, but the games can also be a hybrid representation of the original research, offering players a fictional experience based on real-world sources. They can also be thought of as the video game equivalent of political cartoons. Examples[edit] September 12th[edit] The format started with a game called September 12th by Gonzalo Frasca[17], published in 2003. See also[edit] Immersive journalism References[edit]

List of game middleware Middleware for games is a piece of software that is integrated into a game engine to handle some specialized aspect it, such as physics, graphics or networking. Notable[edit] Autodesk Gameware - from Autodesk, includes Scaleform GFx, Kynapse, Beast and HumanIKSpeedTree - vegetation programming and modelling software productsNvidia GameWorks - visual FX, physics, particle and fluid simulationsxaitment - customizable and modular game AI software for navigation mesh generation, pathfinding, character behavioral modeling and moreBink Video - video file format, video compression tools and playback library from RAD Game Tools.Umbra 3 - solution for visibility and occlusion culling AI: Pathfinding, collisions AI.implant – from Presagis, an AI authoring and runtime engineAiLive - a suite of game AI middlewareMercuna 3D Navigation - full 3D navigation for flying and underwater AI. Physics & Animation Sound FMOD - end to end solution for creating and playing adaptive audio. See also[edit]

OASIS (organization) The Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) is a global nonprofit consortium that works on the development, convergence, and adoption of open standards for security, Internet of Things, energy, content technologies, emergency management, and other areas. In 1998, with the movement of the high tech industry to XML, "SGML Open" changed its emphasis from SGML to XML, and changed its name to OASIS Open to be inclusive of XML and reflect an expanded scope of technical work and standards. The focus of the consortium's activities also moved from promoting adoption (as XML was getting lots of attention on its own) to developing technical specifications. During 1999, OASIS was approached by UN/CEFACT, the committee of the United Nations dealing with standards for business, to jointly develop a new set of specifications for electronic business. OASIS Burlington office building The following standards are under development by OASIS technical committees: