History: Vikings

Religion in the Middle Ages The Catholic Church The Catholic Church was the only church in Europe during the Middle Ages, and it had its own laws and large coffers. Church leaders such as bishops and archbishops sat on the king's council and played leading roles in government. As the population of Europe expanded in the twelfth century, the churches that had been built in the Roman style with round-arched roofs became too small. Monks and Nuns Monasteries in the Middle Ages were based on the rules set down by St. Monks went to the monastery church eight times a day in a routine of worship that involved singing, chanting, and reciting prayers from the divine offices and from the service for Mass. Pilgrimages Pilgrimages were an important part of religious life in the Middle Ages. The major Cathedral Centres of the Middle Ages Beauvais The cathedral at Beauvais (St. This, a building of immense proportions, was begun in 1247, and the choir was completed in 1272. The current nave was begun in 1373.

Viking history The Vikings themselves did not write down their historical events. Historians have had to use other, more indirect means of reconstructing what Viking life was like. The Eastern Route A thousand years ago the Vikings traveled the Eastern Route, to the huge market places in Russia. There is an old Danish document from the 13th century that shows a boat route from Denmark along the Swedish coast to Åland, and via Hitis and Hangö to Reval, i.e. The Viking ships The Viking ships were ca 15 meters long, and they had a mast and textile sails. Read more about the Viking ships Burial ceremonies Funeral ceremonies varied. Viking mythology Viking mythology includes an elaborate creation myth, as well as a graphic description of the future ending of the world, at Ragnarok. Ginnungagap An infinite number of winters before the earth was created there was only the Great Abyss, a gorge of unfathomable depth. Yggdrasil, the World Tree Over time the Gods grew weary of living with the giants in Ginnungagap.

Vikings: History and Legacy KS2 History - Viking home life Egypt State Information Service Many of today’s sports were practiced by the Ancient Egyptians, who set the rules and regulations for them. Inscriptions on monuments indicate that they practiced wrestling, weightlifting, long jump, swimming, rowing, shooting, fishing and athletics, as well as various kinds of ball games. Ancient Egyptian kings, princes and statesmen were keen on attending sports competitions, which they encouraged and provided with the necessary equipment. Drawings on pharaonic monuments tell us that several thousand years ago, the Egyptians had laid down basic rules for games, chosen a neutral referee, a uniform for players, and a means of announcing the winners by awarding them different collars. Both winner and loser were met with ovation, the first for his superiority and the latter for his sporting spirit. Hockey Ancient Egyptians played a game that is similar to our present-day hockey. Handball Drawings of this sport are found on the Saqqara tombs, five thousand years old. Archery Tug of War Fishing

Viking Sea-faring Danes depicted invading England. Illuminated illustration from the 12th century Miscellany on the Life of St. Edmund. Pierpont Morgan Library. Facilitated by advanced seafaring skills, and characterised by the longship, Viking activities at times also extended into the Mediterranean littoral, North Africa, the Middle East and Central Asia. Popular, modern conceptions of the Vikings—the term frequently applied casually to their modern descendants and the inhabitants of modern Scandinavia—often strongly differ from the complex picture that emerges from archaeology and historical sources. Etymology The Old Norse feminine noun víking refers to an expedition overseas.[6][7] It occurs in Viking Age runic inscriptions and in later medieval writings in set expressions such as the phrasal verb fara í víking, "to go on an expedition". The word víking derives from the feminine vík, meaning "creek, inlet, small bay".[9] The form also occurs as a personal name on some Swedish rune stones.

Learning Technologies Stage Four Email Tasks - Vikings Printout for teacher program The Worksheets Vikings Worksheet 1 Vikings Worksheet 2 Vikings Worksheet 3 Teacher Instructions 1. To send the next email task: 17. This means up to 30 emails will be returned to you - if you do not wish to reply to each individual email then repeat the steps 4-11 to send one email to email the whole class thanking them for their efforts. Email Task 1. History - Ancient History in depth: Viking Religion Marriage in Ancient Egypt The Wedding Day: The day of the marriage was really quite simple. The bride merely moved her belongings into the home of her husband. He might be living alone or with his parents. So what did the bride wear? Even though there was no official ceremony, knowing how much the ancient Egyptians loved music, dance and food, there were bound to be family celebrations in honor of the uniting couple. Museums are filled with statues and paintings showing husbands and wives with their arms around each other’s waists, holding hands or offering each other flowers or food. Entering into a marriage was described as 'making a wife' or 'taking a wife', but it seems that the girl's father had the main say. The Marriage Contract Most marriages had a contract drawn up between the parties. costly. A standard marriage contract that had been found among the numerous records left by the ancient Egyptians.

A Medieval Mystery This lesson is suitable for KS3 History Unit 19: 'How and why did the Holocaust happen?' and could also be used to support Citizenship at KS3 Unit 4: 'Britain - a diverse society?'. The cartoon depicts the profoundly negative way in which Jews were viewed in 13th century England. Their situation did not improve. In 1290 King Edward I expelled every Jew from England, the first time this had happened anywhere in Europe. Thousands of men, women and children were forced to leave for the Continent and Jews were not officially allowed to live in Britain again until 1655. There are a number of figures in the cartoon that we can identify: Isaac fil Jurnet Isaac fil Jurnet was one of the richest Jews in England and certainly the richest Jew in Norwich, where he and his family had lived for a number of generations. Isaac was the chief money-lender to the Abbot and monks of Westminster. Isaac is pictured with a triple beard to associate him with the devil and suggest sexual excess. Mosse Mokke Abigail

"The Wrath of the Northmen": The Vikings and their Memory "The Wrath of the Northmen": The Vikings and their Memory by Christina von Nolckenou won't be surprised that the Vikings were normally viewed by those they came up against in a markedly negative light. Certainly this was true in England, the area most of our early records come from, and the one I am most familiar with. Indeed, the story of the Vikings is usually taken--and not just by English historians--as starting and ending with events in England. The end is often considered to be the 1066 invasion of England by the Normans (originally Vikings themselves who had settled in northern France and adopted the language they found there), though Viking-type raids continued, especially in the Scottish islands, until about the end of the twelfth century. The beginning of the Vikings' recorded story--which coincides with the beginning of recorded history for Norway--is usually marked by a Viking raid on a northern English monastery in 793. 787 [789]. 1002. 1012.