Robotics
Robotics is the branch of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and computer science that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots,[1] as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing. These technologies deal with automated machines that can take the place of humans in dangerous environments or manufacturing processes, or resemble humans in appearance, behavior, and/or cognition. Many of today's robots are inspired by nature contributing to the field of bio-inspired robotics. The concept of creating machines that can operate autonomously dates back to classical times, but research into the functionality and potential uses of robots did not grow substantially until the 20th century.[2] Throughout history, robotics has been often seen to mimic human behavior, and often manage tasks in a similar fashion. Etymology[edit] History of robotics[edit] Robotic aspects[edit] Components[edit] Power source[edit]
History of biotechnology
Biotechnology is the application of scientific and engineering principles to the processing of materials by biological agents to provide goods and services.[1] From its inception, biotechnology has maintained a close relationship with society. Although now most often associated with the development of drugs, historically biotechnology has been principally associated with food, addressing such issues as malnutrition and famine. The history of biotechnology begins[citation needed] with zymotechnology, which commenced with a focus on brewing techniques for beer. By World War I, however, zymotechnology would expand to tackle larger industrial issues, and the potential of industrial fermentation gave rise to biotechnology. However, both the single-cell protein and gasohol projects failed to progress due to varying issues including public resistance, a changing economic scene, and shifts in political power. Origins of biotechnology[edit] Single-cell protein and gasohol projects[edit]
UN launches biotech network for developing countries
Developing countries wanting to make more of their biotechnology resources are the target of a network launched by the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation (UNIDO). The International Industrial Biotechnology Network (IIBN) will help local universities and small-to-medium enterprises to develop and improve existing biotechnology products. It will also encourage further bio-prospecting. George Tzotzos, IIBN programme co-ordinator, told SciDev.Net that the network would provide biotechnology support and access to high-level technologies for developing countries wanting to make better use of their existing biological resources. "In Bahia [Brazil] this could mean taking a fresh look at a plant like the castor bean, which is used for medicinal and industrial purposes and is being considered as a potential source of bio-fuel for local use," he said. "It is at this point that we can help, by making connections and establishing mutually beneficial partnerships.
Nanotechnology
Nanotechnology ("nanotech") is the manipulation of matter on an atomic, molecular, and supramolecular scale. The earliest, widespread description of nanotechnology[1][2] referred to the particular technological goal of precisely manipulating atoms and molecules for fabrication of macroscale products, also now referred to as molecular nanotechnology. A more generalized description of nanotechnology was subsequently established by the National Nanotechnology Initiative, which defines nanotechnology as the manipulation of matter with at least one dimension sized from 1 to 100 nanometers. This definition reflects the fact that quantum mechanical effects are important at this quantum-realm scale, and so the definition shifted from a particular technological goal to a research category inclusive of all types of research and technologies that deal with the special properties of matter that occur below the given size threshold. Origins[edit] Comparison of Nanomaterials Sizes
Index of biotechnology articles
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Biotechnology is a technology based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and medicine. Of the many different definitions available, the one formulated by the UN Convention on Biological Diversity is one of the broadest: "Biotechnology means any technological application that uses biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify products or processes for specific use." This page provides an alphabetical list of articles and other pages (including categories, lists, etc.) about biotechnology. A[edit] Agrobacterium -- Affymetrix -- Alcoholic beverages -- Category:Alcoholic beverages -- Amgen -- Antibiotic -- Artificial selection B[edit] C[edit] D[edit] Directive on the patentability of biotechnological inventions -- DNA microarray -- Dwarfing E[edit] Enzymes -- Electroporation -- Environmental biotechnology -- Eugenics F[edit] G[edit] H[edit] Human cloning -- Human Genome Project I[edit] J[edit] L[edit] M[edit]
The Life Sciences Revolution and the Implications for Development
The revolution in the life sciences has been progressing for several decades. But it has now moved into a new phase. New opportunities and challenges are emerging, and these warrant the close attention of the international community. Developments in biology, information technology, and the physical and engineering sciences are now coming together to spawn new inter-disciplinary areas in the life sciences. Almost limitless possibilities for new applications of biotechnology in health, agriculture, energy, industry, and the environment are opening up, but there are also new safety, security and ethical concerns. It is on this basis that a new Biotechnology Initiative has been developed at the UN Secretariat. These web pages aim to provide information to a global audience about the work of the Biotechnology Initiative, and also give objective summaries of the various technologies, their applications in key sectors, and the policy and ethical issues that relate to them.
Life extension
The sale of putative anti-aging products such as nutrition, physical fitness, skin care, hormone replacements, vitamins, supplements and herbs is a lucrative global industry, with the US market generating about $50 billion of revenue each year.[2] Some medical experts state that the use of such products has not been proven to affect the aging process, and many claims of anti-aging medicine advocates have been roundly criticized by medical experts, including the American Medical Association.[2][3][4][5][6] Public opinion[edit] Life extension is a controversial topic due to fear of overpopulation and possible effects on society.[10] Religious people are no more likely to oppose life extension than the unaffiliated,[11] though some variation exists between religious denominations. A Spring 2013 Pew Research poll in the United States found that 38% of Americans would want life extension treatments, and 56% would reject it. Average and maximum lifespans[edit] Diets and supplements[edit]
Category:Bioinformatics
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Bioinformatics and computational biology are interdisciplinary fields of research, development and application of algorithms, computational and statistical methods for management and analysis of biological data, and for solving basic biological problems. Subcategories This category has the following 19 subcategories, out of 19 total. Pages in category "Bioinformatics" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 327 total. (previous page) (next page)(previous page) (next page)
