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Parsing

Parsing
Within computational linguistics the term is used to refer to the formal analysis by a computer of a sentence or other string of words into its constituents, resulting in a parse tree showing their syntactic relation to each other, which may also contain semantic and other information. The term is also used in psycholinguistics when describing language comprehension. In this context, parsing refers to the way that human beings analyze a sentence or phrase (in spoken language or text) "in terms of grammatical constituents, identifying the parts of speech, syntactic relations, etc." [2] This term is especially common when discussing what linguistic cues help speakers to interpret garden-path sentences. Human languages[edit] Traditional methods[edit] Parsing was formerly central to the teaching of grammar throughout the English-speaking world, and widely regarded as basic to the use and understanding of written language. Computational methods[edit] Psycholinguistics[edit] Parser[edit]

Lesson 6 - Tuples, Lists, and Dictionaries Introduction Your brain still hurting from the last lesson? Never worry, this one will require a little less thought. Think about it - variables store one bit of information. But what if you need to store a long list of information, which doesn't change over time? The Solution - Lists, Tuples, and Dictionaries For these three problems, Python uses three different solutions - Tuples, lists, and dictionaries: Lists are what they seem - a list of values. Tuples Tuples are pretty easy to make. Code Example 1 - creating a tuple months = ('January','February','March','April','May','June',\ 'July','August','September','October','November',' December') Note that the '\' thingy at the end of sthurlow.comthe first line carries over that line of code to the next line. Python then organises those values in a handy, numbered index - starting from zero, in the order that you entered them in. Table 1 - tuple indicies And that is tuples! Lists Lists are extremely similar to tuples. Clears things up?

Perl Weekly: A Free, Weekly Email Newsletter for the Perl Programming language blogs.perl.org — blogging the onion Perl Though Perl is not officially an acronym,[5] there are various backronyms in use, such as: Practical Extraction and Reporting Language.[6] Perl was originally developed by Larry Wall in 1987 as a general-purpose Unix scripting language to make report processing easier.[7] Since then, it has undergone many changes and revisions. The latest major stable revision of Perl 5 is 5.18, released in May 2013. Perl 6, which began as a redesign of Perl 5 in 2000, eventually evolved into a separate language. Both languages continue to be developed independently by different development teams and liberally borrow ideas from one another. History[edit] Early versions[edit] Wall began work on Perl in 1987, while working as a programmer at Unisys,[9] and released version 1.0 to the comp.sources.misc newsgroup on December 18, 1987.[14] The language expanded rapidly over the next few years. Perl 2, released in 1988, featured a better regular expression engine. Early Perl 5[edit] 2000–present[edit] Name[edit]

PerlMonks - The Monastery Gates SPPN Stichting Perl Promotie Nederland - Homepage Perl (programmeertaal) Bibliotheek van Perl-boeken Perl wordt veel gebruikt voor taken waar voordien shell-scripts voor werden gebruikt, voornamelijk het automatiseren van taken in het systeembeheer; daarbuiten wordt het veel gebruikt voor de bewerking van allerlei soorten bestanden (natuurlijke taal, configuratiebestanden, XML- of HTML-documenten, rasterafbeeldingen, enzovoorts). Ook heeft het goede bibliotheken voor allerlei andere taken, zoals database-toegang en client/servercommunicatie. Perl wordt veel gebruikt in de bio-informatica. In de jaren 90 was het de meestgebruikte taal voor dynamische websites. Perl is een scripttaal met uitgebreide mogelijkheden voor reguliere expressies en er kan met Perl object-georiënteerd, procedureel of zelfs functioneel geprogrammeerd worden. Tot en met versie 4 werd de kracht van Perl steeds uitgebreid door extra voorgedefinieerde functies in te voegen en de taal zelf uit te breiden. Perl is vrije software, uitgebracht onder de Artistic License en GPL. perldoc perlintro

blogs.perl.org — blogging the onion Parsing: top-down versus bottom-up [ This is cross-posted by invitation, from its home on the Ocean of Awareness blog. ] Comparisons between top-down and bottom-up parsing are often either too high-level or too low-level. Top-down parsing The basic idea of top-down parsing is as brutally simple as anything in programming: Starting at the top, we add pieces. Git-Like Menus [Pleased as I was to get mentioned in a lightning talk in this year’s YAPC, I noted that my mention was in the context of writing blog posts that “don’t contain much code.”1 Well, fair enough: I’m a verbose bugger, and a wannabe writer, so my prose does tend to ramble. The other day I was working on my music library scripts,2 and I needed a menu for something. But that’s not what I wanted in this case. Buftabline – forget Vim tabs, now you can have buffer tabs I just released Buftabline, a Vim plugin that takes over the tabline and renders the buffer list in it instead of a tab list. Share and enjoy. I dunno. Tour of Imager

Perl Syntax Overview Perl borrows syntax and concepts from many languages: awk, sed, C, Bourne Shell, Smalltalk, Lisp and even English. However, there are some definite differences between the languages. This chapter is designed to quickly get you up to speed on the syntax that is expected in Perl. A Perl program consists of a sequence of declarations and statements which run from the top to the bottom. Perl is a free-form language: you can format and indent it however you like. First Perl Program Interactive Mode Programming: You can use Perl interpreter with -e option at command line which lets you execute Perl statements from the command line. $perl -e 'print "Hello World\n"' This execution will produce following result: Hello, world Script Mode Programming Assuming you are already on $ prompt. #! Here /usr/bin/perl is actual perl interpreter binary. $chmod 0755 hello.pl $. You can use parentheses for functions arguments or omit them according to your personal taste. Perl File Extension Comments in Perl #! #! #! #! #!

Perl Tutorial Perl is a programming language developed by Larry Wall, especially designed for text processing. Though Perl is not officially an acronym but many times it is used as it stands for Practical Extraction and Report Language. It runs on a variety of platforms, such as Windows, Mac OS, and the various versions of UNIX. This tutorial provides a complete understanding on Perl. This reference has been prepared for beginners to help them understand the basic to advanced concepts related to Perl Scripting languages. Before you start practicing with various types of examples given in this reference, we are making an assumption that you have prior exposure to C programming and Unix Shell. For most of the examples given in this tutorial you will find Try it option, so just make use of this option to execute your Perl programs at the spot and enjoy your learning. Try following example using Try it option available at the top right corner of the below sample code box −

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