
bios
Get flash to fully experience Pearltrees
The Basic Input-Output System (BIOS) is an essential set of routines in a PC, which is stored on a chip on the motherboard. It acts as an intermediary between a computer's hardware and its operating system. Without the BIOS, the PC's operating system would have no way to communicate with, or take control of, the hardware.
BIOS for Beginners : Introduction
flashrom is a utility for identifying, reading, writing, verifying and erasing flash chips. It is designed to flash BIOS/EFI/coreboot/firmware/optionROM images on mainboards, network/graphics/storage controller cards, and various other programmer devices. Supports more than 288 flash chips, 177 chipsets, 374 mainboards, 50 PCI devices, 9 USB devices and various parallel/serial port-based programmers. Supports parallel, LPC, FWH and SPI flash interfaces and various chip packages ( DIP32 , PLCC32 , DIP8 , SO8/SOIC8 , TSOP32, TSOP40, TSOP48 , BGA and more) Crossflashing and hotflashing is possible as long as the flash chips are electrically and logically compatible (same protocol). Great for recovery.
Flashrom - coreboot
coreboot is a Free Software project aimed at replacing the proprietary BIOS (firmware) found in most computers. coreboot performs a little bit of hardware initialization and then executes additional boot logic, called a payload . With the separation of hardware initialization and later boot logic, coreboot can scale from specialized applications that run directly from firmware, run operating systems in flash, load custom bootloaders, or implement firmware standards, like PC BIOS services or UEFI . This allows for systems to only include the features necessary in the target application, reducing the amount of code and flash space required.

