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The term information revolution (sometimes called also the "information al revolution") describes current economic , social and technological trends beyond the Industrial Revolution . Many competing terms have been proposed that focus on different aspects of this societal development. The British polymath crystallographer J. D.

Information revolution - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_revolution

Because of the confusion and pervasive misinformation regarding this principle, I've dragged my feet shamelessly when it came to dealing with it in this website. Well, I can't undo all the misinformation with one little web site. So I won't try. If you are a beginner start here; and if you are not going to be an engineer or scientist, stay here. It is probably all you will need to understand the basic energy change results the 2nd law predicts. Your head won't get filled with confusing non-thermodynamic and incorrect analogies.

The second law of thermodynamics - how energy flows from useful to useless.

http://www.ftexploring.com/energy/2nd_Law.html

Entropy Explained

‪Salikoko S. Mufwene - Globalisation et anglais global : Mythes et réalités‬‏ - YouTube

Lingua Franca or vernacular?
Professor Mufwene's analysis is classical but well presented and accessible to a broad audience. by prgilles Jul 30

ISKO-France est une association savante loi 1901 qui fait partie d'un des chapitres nationaux de la International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO) fondée en 1989.

Association ISKO-FRANCE

List of thought processes - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

graphical dictionary and thesaurus

Visuwords™ online graphical dictionary — Look up words to find their meanings and associations with other words and concepts. Produce diagrams reminiscent of a neural net. Learn how words associate. Enter words into the search box to look them up or double-click a node to expand the tree. Click and drag the background to pan around and use the mouse wheel to zoom. Hover over nodes to see the definition and click and drag individual nodes to move them around to help clarify connections.

In physics , physical information refers generally to the information that is contained in a physical system . Its usage in quantum mechanics (i.e. quantum information ) is important, for example in the concept of quantum entanglement to describe effectively direct or causal relationships between apparently distinct or spatially separated particles. Information itself may be loosely defined as " that which can distinguish one thing from another " [ citation needed ] . The information embodied by a thing can thus be said to be the identity of the particular thing itself, that is, all of its properties, all that makes it distinct from other (real or potential) things. It is a complete description of the thing, but in a sense that is divorced from any particular language.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_information

Physical information - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Issues of Information Semantics and Granularity in Cross-Media Publ...

ABSTRACT: While there have been dramatic increases in the use of digital technologies for the storage and processing of information, the affordances of paper have ensured its retention as a key information medium. Recent developments in digitally augmented paper provide the potential to embed active links within printed documents, thereby turning paper into an interactive medium. In this paper, we address the issues of information granularity and semantics that arise in integrating paper as a first-class interactive information medium in hypermedia systems and show that the information server is vital in realising the true potential of this vision. Further, we discuss the authoring issues of cross-media information environments and the forms of tools required to support the various categories of authoring activity.

Alphabet (Wikipedia EN)

An alphabet is a standard set of letters —basic written symbols or graphemes —each of which represents a phoneme in a spoken language , either as it exists now or as it was in the past. There are other systems , such as logographies , in which each character represents a word, morpheme , or semantic unit, and syllabaries , in which each character represents a syllable . Alphabets are classified according to how they indicate vowels: The word "alphabet" came into Middle English from the Late Latin word alphabetum , which in turn originated in the Ancient Greek ἀλφάβητος ( alphabētos ), from alpha and beta , the first two letters of the Greek alphabet . [ 1 ] Alpha and beta in turn came from the first two letters of the Phoenician alphabet , and meant ox and house respectively.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphabet#History

the development of hieroglyphs took place independently in China and in Egypt. Neither pictographs or hiroglyps adequately address the central problem of the representation of language ... The realization of this led to the next sage in the development of writing systems: the use of symbols to represent sounds. The earliest systems, known as syllabaries, took took the phoneme, or unit of pronunciation as their building block ... Syllabaries broke the link between visual representation and the representation of human speech ...Although the syllabary could be argued to be a more advanced writing system than hieroglyphs or pictographs, it remains limited in its applications" ... An alphabet is an almost infinitely felxible tool for the representation of language, and hence for its storage and transmission."
(The Information Society, John Feather, 5th ed. 2008, pp 6-8) by prgilles Jul 27

http://www.information-management.com/about/ by prgilles Jul 27

A history of symbolic notation is important to understand the advantages of the alphabet system over pictoral systems of notation and information.

"Both knowledge and ability limit our capacity to understand the concepts represented by alphabetic symbols made into words; there are, therefore, limits to theusefulness of the alpahbetic symbols themselves."
(The Information Society, J. Feather 2008, pg 9) by prgilles Jul 27

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferdinand_de_Saussure

Ferdinand de Saussure - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Ferdinand de Saussure ( / s ɔː ˈ s ʊr / or / s oʊ ˈ s ʊr / ; French pronunciation: [fɛʁdinɑ̃ də sosyʁ] ; 26 November 1857 – 22 February 1913) was a Swiss linguist whose ideas laid a foundation for many significant developments in linguistics in the 20th century. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] He is widely considered one of the fathers of 20th-century linguistics. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] One of his translators, Emeritus Professor of Linguistics (Oxford University), Roy Harris , has summarized Saussure's contribution to linguistics and the study of language in the following way: "Language is no longer regarded as peripheral to our grasp of the world we live in, but as central to it. Words are not mere vocal labels or communicational adjuncts superimposed upon an already given order of things.