Self Knowledge

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http://www.johndcook.com/blog/2011/12/19/how-to-know-it-all/

How to know it all — The Endeavour

The way to know it all is to change the definition of “all.” Schools do this, for example, by defining “all” to mean everything on a test. Then it’s possible for someone to know it all. Schools create the illusion that the world is finite.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%27s_Game_of_Life The Game of Life , also known simply as Life , is a cellular automaton devised by the British mathematician John Horton Conway in 1970. [ 1 ] The "game" is a zero-player game , meaning that its evolution is determined by its initial state, requiring no further input. One interacts with the Game of Life by creating an initial configuration and observing how it evolves. The universe of the Game of Life is an infinite two-dimensional orthogonal grid of square cells , each of which is in one of two possible states, alive or dead . Every cell interacts with its eight neighbours , which are the cells that are horizontally, vertically, or diagonally adjacent. At each step in time, the following transitions occur:

Conway's Game of Life - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyphasic_sleep

Polyphasic sleep - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Polyphasic sleep , a term coined by early 20th-century psychologist J.S. Szymanski, [ 1 ] refers to the practice of sleeping multiple times in a 24-hour period—usually more than two, in contrast to biphasic sleep (twice per day) or monophasic sleep (once per day). It does not imply any particular sleep schedule. The circadian rhythm disorder known as irregular sleep-wake syndrome is an example of polyphasic sleep in humans. Polyphasic sleep is common in many animals, and is believed to be the ancestral sleep state. [ 2 ] The term polyphasic sleep is also used by an online community that experiments with alternative sleeping schedules to achieve more time awake each day. [ edit ] Multiphasic sleep of normal total duration
Edited by Kenneth Binmore, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom and accepted by the Editorial Board May 27, 2011 (received for review February 9, 2011) Abstract Are humans too generous? The discovery that subjects choose to incur costs to allocate benefits to others in anonymous, one-shot economic games has posed an unsolved challenge to models of economic and evolutionary rationality.

Evolution of direct reciprocity under uncertainty can explain human generosity in one-shot encounters

http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2011/07/20/1102131108.abstract

How to Hack Your Brain

You are not who you think you are. Your personality and identity is significantly more malleable than you realize. With a few simple tricks, you can exploit your brain's innate functionality to change just about anything about yourself. Here's how. You are not who you are, but rather the product of many influences. http://lifehacker.com/5747213/how-to-hack-your-brain

How neuroscience is transforming our understanding of economics. - Slate Magazine

http://www.slate.com/articles/business/project_syndicate/2011/11/how_neuroscience_is_transforming_our_understanding_of_economics_.html As a result, Glimcher is skeptical of prevailing economic theory, and is seeking a physical basis for it in the brain. He wants to transform “soft” utility theory into “hard” utility theory by discovering the brain mechanisms that underlie it. In particular, Glimcher wants to identify brain structures that process key elements of utility theory when people face uncertainty: “(1) subjective value, (2) probability, (3) the product of subjective value and probability (expected subjective value), and (4) a neuro-computational mechanism that selects the element from the choice set that has the highest ‘expected subjective value.’ ”
http://www.amazon.com/The-Married-Life-Primer-2011/dp/1460981731

amazon

Let me just say, as a feminist, I found so much of it to be revolting and awful. I stayed up all Saturday night reading it. I was irritated and pissed off at times, yet I could not put it down. At the end I thought, eh, it's only $20. I finally went to bed.

Eye Direction and Lying - How to detect lies from the direction of an individual's gaze / visual accessing cues.

This is a continuation of our previous article Detecting Lies . Many comments by our visitors asked about how eye direction can indicate the presence of a lie. Can the direction a person's eyes reveal whether or not they are making a truthful statement? Short answer: sort of . But, it isn't as simple as some recent television shows or movies make it seem. http://www.blifaloo.com/info/lies_eyes.php
http://artofmanliness.com/2011/09/30/how-to-memorize-anything-you-want-a-quick-primer-on-mental-mapping/

How to Memorize Anything You Want: A Quick Primer on Mental Mapping | The Art of Manliness

What if you could meet a client today and six months later see him at a football game and recall his name along with his wife’s and kids’ names? You can. What if you could look at a 50 digit number for 90 seconds and then repeat the number forwards and backwards from memory? You can.

The Illusion of Asymmetric Insight « You Are Not So Smart

The neighboring tribes were unaware of each other’s existence. Separately, they lived among nature, played games, constructed shelters, prepared food – they knew peace. Each culture developed its own norms and rules of conduct. Each culture arrived at novel solutions to survival-critical problems. Each culture named the creeks and rocks and dangerous places, and those names were known to all. They helped each other and watched out for the well-being of the tribal members. http://youarenotsosmart.com/2011/08/21/the-illusion-of-asymmetric-insight/
After ten years as a psychologist practicing psychodynamic psychotherapy , I reclined on the couch of my own analyst feeling burdened by my chosen work. After a day of seeing patients, I was drained. I had been trained to listen at many levels—words, emotions, unconscious disclosures—and I took all of that in and sorted it out in my mind. I was good at helping others discover and pursue what they wanted out of life. But at day's end I had no resources left to do it for myself.

Revenge of the Introvert

Dr. Paul Ekman has been contributing to the understanding of expressions and emotions for nearly 50 years. The Consortium for Research on Emotional Intelligence in Organizations — is working to aid the advancement of research and practice related to emotional intelligence in organizations.

Emotional Competency - Resources

…what does the SIAI actually do? You don’t submit your work to rigorous scrutiny by your peers in the field… you either aren’t doing any AGI research, or are keeping it so secret that no one knows about it… and you aren’t developing any practical applications of AI, either… So, what is it that you are actually working on, other than growing the SIAI itself ? It’s a good question, and my own biggest concern right now.

The Singularity Institute Blog | The Singularity Institute exists to confront the challenge of powerful AI, both the opportunity and the risk.

Half a Menger Sponge with Hexagonal Cross-Section

Credit: As far as I know, Sebastien Perez Duarte was the first to pose this puzzle. His computer-rendered image is here . (And as far as I know, my nylon model shown above is the first physical model of this.)
Disorders