The radiology information resource for patients. Lower GI Tract X-ray. What is Lower GI Tract X-ray Radiography (Barium Enema)? View larger with caption Lower gastrointestinal (GI) tract radiography, also called a lower GI or barium enema, is an x-ray examination of the large intestine, also known as the colon. This examination evaluates the right or ascending colon, the transverse colon, the left or descending colon, the sigmoid colon and the rectum. The appendix and a portion of the distal small intestine may also be included.
An x-ray (radiograph) is a noninvasive medical test that helps physicians diagnose and treat medical conditions. The lower GI uses a special form of x-ray called fluoroscopy and a contrast material called barium or a water soluble iodinated contrast. Fluoroscopy makes it possible to see internal organs in motion. Top of page What are some common uses of the procedure? A physician may order a lower GI examination to detect: Hirschsprung disease in children (a blockage of the large intestine). How should I prepare for the procedure? Benefits. Radiology. Textbook of Radiology.