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Irish language

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Dictionary of Irish Terms - Foclóir Téarmaíochta. The O'Byrne Files © collection of Irish Expressions and their meaning in English. IPA for Irish. The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Irish language pronunciations in Wikipedia articles.

IPA for Irish

See Irish phonology for detailed discussion of the phonology of Irish. Comparison to other phonetic transcription schemes[edit] This section compares the IPA system used at Wikipedia (which is based on that used by Ailbhe Ní Chasaide in her description of Irish in the Handbook of the International Phonetic Association, ISBN 0-521-63751-1) with the system used in some other works. Notes[edit] Jump up ^ Irish makes contrasts between velarized ("broad") and palatalized ("slender") consonants. Language Irish culture and customs - World Cultures European. Fingalian language. Fingallian or the Fingal dialect is an extinct variety of English formerly spoken in Fingal, Ireland.

Fingalian language

It is thought to have been an offshoot of Middle English, which was brought to Ireland during the Norman invasion, and was extinct by the mid-19th century. Although little is known of Fingallian, it is thought to have been similar to the Yola language of County Wexford.[1] The surviving literature of Fingallian consists of two satirical or humorous poems, the short "Fingallian Dance" and the much longer Purgatorium Hibernicum.

Both poems are anonymous and are thought to be humorous parodies of Fingallian by non-native speakers, so their value from a linguistic point of view may be limited. History[edit] Fingallian was spoken in the region of Fingal, traditionally the part of County Dublin north of the River Tolka, and now a separate county. The Fingallian Dance[edit] Purgatorium Hibernicum[edit] The short extract below provides a good example of Fingallian. 'Sure, Sure! ' Shelta. Linguistically Shelta is today seen as a mixed language that stems from a community of travelling people in Ireland that was originally predominantly Irish-speaking.

Shelta

The community later went through a period of widespread bilingualism that resulted in a language based heavily on Hiberno-English with heavy influences from Irish.[4] As different varieties of Shelta display different degrees of anglicisation (see below), it is hard to determine the extent of the Irish substratum but the Oxford Companion to the English Language puts it at 2,000–3,000 words.[3] Names and etymology[edit] Variants of the above names and additional names include: Bog Latin,[3] Caintíotar[citation needed], Gammon,[6] Sheldru,[3] Shelter,[3] Shelteroch,[3] Pavee[citation needed], the Ould Thing,[3] Tinker's Cant.[3] Etymology[edit] The word Shelta appears in print for the first time in 1882 in the book The Gypsies by the "gypsiologist" Charles Leland, who claimed to have discovered it as the "fifth Celtic tongue".

Yola language. History[edit] Modern English was widely introduced by British colonists during and after the 17th century, forming the basis for the modern Hiberno-English of southern Ireland.

Yola language

The new varieties were notably distinct from the surviving relict dialects.[2][3] As English continued to spread, both the Forth and Bargy dialect and the Fingal dialect died out in the 19th century. Phonology[edit] As in the Dutch language, southwestern varieties of English and (to a lesser extent) German, most voiceless fricatives in Forth and Bargy became voiced. The Middle English vowels are well-preserved, with no evidence of the Great Vowel Shift. Grammar[edit] Pronouns[edit] Forth and Bargy pronouns are similar to Modern English pronouns except in the first person singular and third person plural.[5] Articles[edit] The definite article was at first a, which was later replaced by the. Verb[edit] Forth and Bargy verbs had some conservative characteristics. Nouns[edit] Vocabulary[edit] Interrogative words Prepositions.