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Joybubbles ( ( 1949-05-25 ) May 25, 1949 – August 8, 2007 ( 2007-08-08 ) ), born Josef Carl Engressia, Jr. in Richmond, Virginia , USA , was an early phone phreak . Born blind , he became interested in telephones at age four. [ 1 ] Gifted with absolute pitch , he was able to whistle 2600 hertz into a telephone (see Blue box ). Joybubbles said that he had an IQ of “172 or something.” [ 2 ] Joybubbles died at his Minneapolis home on August 8, 2007 ( 2007-08-08 ) (aged 58). According to his death certificate, [ 3 ] he died of "natural causes" with "congestive heart failure" as a contributing condition. [ edit ] Whistler As a five-year old, Engressia discovered he could dial phone numbers by clicking the hang-up switch (“ tapping ”), and at the age of 7 he accidentally discovered that whistling at certain frequencies could activate phone switches. [ 4 ]
Eric Gordon Corley (born December 16, 1959), also frequently referred to by his pen name of Emmanuel Goldstein , is a figure in the hacker community. He owns a non-profit organization 2600 Enterprises, Inc., [ 1 ] and publishes a magazine called 2600: The Hacker Quarterly . His pseudonym is derived from the fictional opposition leader in George Orwell's dystopian novel Nineteen Eighty-Four . Corley has also testified before the United States Congress . [ 2 ] Corley is the editor of The Best of 2600: A Hacker Odyssey which was released July, 2008. The book consists of articles from the magazine 2600 set in chronological order to show the evolution of the internet and technology. [ 3 ] A follow-up book, Dear Hacker.
John Thomas Draper (born 1943), also known as Captain Crunch , Crunch or Crunchman (after Cap'n Crunch , the mascot of a breakfast cereal ), is an American computer programmer and former phone phreak . He is a legendary figure within the computer programming world. [ edit ] Background Draper is the son of a U.S. Air Force engineer; he described his father as distant in an interview published on the front page of the Jan 13–14, 2007 issue of The Wall Street Journal .