Beginner's Guide to Aerodynamics. At this Web site you can study aerodynamics at your own pace and to your own level of interest. Some of the topics included are: Newton's basic equations of motion; the motion of a free falling object, that neglects the effects of aerodynamics; the terminal velocity of a falling object subject to both weight and air resistance; the three forces (lift, drag, and weight) that act on a glider; and finally, the four forces that act on a powered airplane. Because aerodynamics involves both the motion of the object and the reaction of the air, there are several pages devoted to basic gas properties and how those properties change through the atmosphere.
This site was created at NASA Glenn as part of the Learning Technologies Project (LTP). It is currently supported by the Aeronautics Research Mission Directorate at NASA HQ through the Educational Programs Office at NASA Glenn. There is a special section of the Beginner's Guide which deals with compressible, or high speed, aerodynamics. Challenges of Getting to Mars: Curiosity’s Seven... Video description Team members at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory share the challenges of the Curiosity Mars rover’s final minutes to landing on the surface of Mars. Curiosity is scheduled to land on August 5. You can follow Curiosity’s journey on Twitter or Facebook.
Learn more about the mission. Video transcript Music Adam Steltzner: When people look at it… uhhh, it looks crazy. Sometimes when we look at it, it looks crazy. It is the result of reasoned, engineering thought. But it still looks crazy. From the top of the atmosphere, down to the surface- It takes us seven minutes. It takes 14 minutes or so for the signal from the spacecraft to make it to Earth- that’s how far Mars is away from us.
So, when we first get word that we’ve touched the top of the atmosphere, the vehicle has been alive… or dead, on the surface, for at least seven minutes. (music crescendos- dark pounding drums) Tom Rivellini: Entry, descent and landing, also known as EDL, is referred to as the ‘7 minutes of terror’. Company: Space Fence. Something Even More Amazing Than Curiosity on Mars. There is now a new rover on the surface of mars. It’s the size of a small SUV and has capabilities that surpass all planetary lander that came before. With a suite of high power cameras, computers and transmitters, Curiosity can capture images of unprecedented resolution and even record high definition video, with the ability to cache images and video to two gigabytes of on board storage before transmitting them back to earth.
The rover is also equipped with a suite of analytical instruments, capable of determining the composition of surface materials or drilling and digging for deeper samples. All of this is made possible by the 125 watt nuclear heat source, the latest generation of plutonium-238 radioisotope thermal generators. Curiosity also has a pair of lithium-ion batteries which are charged by the RTG, enabling it to temporarily consume more than the 125 watt base output of the generator for short periods of time. On January4, 2003, the rover Spirit touched down on mars. Educators 5-8. File:MSL-spacecraft-exploded-view.png. HotAirBalloonDirections. Images of Mars from NASA’s Spirit & Opportunity Exploration Rovers | Latest Photos from the Red Planet, Mars Rovers. Landing a Space Probe or Rover. 1. Watch the NASA video “Intro to Engineering.” Show students the NASA video.
As you hear each step described in the video, write it on the board: Question—identify the question you are trying to answerIdeas—brainstorm ideas to solve the problem; pick the one that makes the most senseDraw plan—sketch out a planBuild—build the modelTest —test multiple times, improving on the original idea between each test Explain to students that they will follow these same steps that scientists and engineers use as they design and create a vehicle that can safely land a probe or rover on a planet. To simulate this, students will build something that can land an egg on a hard surface. 2. 3. 4. Parachute material, such as cut up garbage bags, paperlander (egg) container, such as egg carton segments, paper cupslander (egg) protection, such as bubble wrap, crumpled newspaper, styrofoamdevices to attach the parachute to the lander, such as string, rubber bands, paper clips 5. 6. 7.
Lesson11_68_LessonPlan_short.docx. Lesson13_68_LessonPlan_short.docx. Lesson5_68_LessonPlan_short. Lesson9_68_LessonPlan_short.docx. Lifting SAM Instrument for Installation into Mars Rover. Lifting SAM Instrument for Installation into Mars Rover The Sample Analysis at Mars (SAM) instrument, largest of the 10 science instruments for NASA's Mars Science Laboratory mission, will examine samples of Martian rocks, soil and atmosphere for information about chemicals that are important to life and other chemical indicators about past and present environments. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md., built SAM. The 40-kilogram (88-pound) instrument includes three laboratory tools for analyzing chemistry, plus mechanisms for handling and processing samples. In this photograph, technicians and engineers inside a clean room at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., prepare to install SAM into the mission's Mars rover, Curiosity.
The photograph was taken on Jan. 6, 2011. JPL, a division of the California Institute of Technology in Pasadena, manages the Mars Science Laboratory mission for the NASA Science Mission Directorate, Washington. Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Home. Mars Exploration Rover Mission: Home. Mars Exploration Rover Mission: The Mission. SPIRIT UPDATE: Spirit Remains Silent at Troy More than 1,300 commands were radiated to Spirit as part of the recovery effort in an attempt to elicit a response from the rover. No communication has been received from Spirit since Sol 2210 (March 22, 2010). The project concluded the Spirit recovery efforts on May 25, 2011.
The remaining, pre-sequenced ultra-high frequency (UHF) relay passes scheduled for Spirit on board the Odyssey orbiter will complete on June 8, 2011. Total odometry is unchanged at 7,730.50 meters (4.80 miles). Spirit Update Archive OPPORTUNITY UPDATE: Further Southwest on 'Murray Ridge' Opportunity is exploring 'Murray Ridge,' part of the west rim of Endeavour Crater. On Sol 3617 (March 28, 2014), the rover continued further to the southwest on Murray Ridge with a 68-foot (20.8-meter) drive. As of Sol 3621 (April 1, 2014), the solar array energy production was 661 watt-hours with an atmospheric opacity (Tau) of 0.433 and a solar array dust factor of 0.868.
Mars Exploration Rover Mission: The Mission. Mars Exploration Rovers. Mars Mobile. Mars Mobile. Mars orbiter catches pic of Curiosity on its way down! This is truly astonishing: the HiRISE camera on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter snapped what may turn out to be the Space Picture of the Year: Curiosity descending to Mars under its parachutes! Holy. Haleakala. The rover is safely tucked inside the backshell, suspended underneath its huge parachute. This image was taken just moments after Curiosity’s speed had dropped from thousands of kilometers per hour to just hundreds.
This took incredible skills in calculations, engineering, and a just a wee pinch of good timing. The simple and sheer amazingness of this picture cannot be overstated. The news these days is filled with polarization, with hate, with fear, with ignorance. It’s what we can do, and what we must do. Image credit: NASA/JPL/University of Arizona Related Posts: - Humans send their Curiosity to Mars! Mars Rover - Curiosity. 8:23 p.m. - NASA releases short video of Mars rover descent We discovered via io9 this video of the Mars rover Curiosity making its way toward the surface of Mars.
The thumbnail images in sequence and taken by the Mars Descent Imager (MARDI) show the rover in the last two-and-a-half minutes of Curiosity’s descent to Mars: 1:13: News briefing ends! The news briefing is over. We’ll have a couple more updates with the photos that were passed down. 1:05: What’s the significance of the HiRise imagery “The fact that we see ourselves arriving [on] another planet,” said Miguel San Martin, a member of the altitude control systems team, “it’s just mind boggling to me — to all of us. 1:00: Why is the MSL team living on Mars time for the first 90 Sols?
The MSL team will be working on Mars time for the next 90 Martian days or Sols. Working on Mars time gives the team 16 hours to plan an uplink while the rover is sleeping on Mars. 12:55: What will be in the first color image? First the video: 3:10 a.m. Mars Rover Opportunity - Mars Missions. Photo 1 of 10 Mars Exploration Rover An artist's concept portrays a NASA Mars Exploration Rover on the surface of Mars.
Image credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell University › Larger view Mission Summary Opportunity was the second of the two rovers launched in 2003 to land on Mars and begin traversing the Red Planet in search of signs of past life. The rover is still actively exploring the Martian terrain, having far outlasted her planned 90-day mission. Since landing on Mars in 2004, Opportunity has made a number of discoveries about the Red Planet including dramatic evidence that long ago at least one area of Mars stayed wet for an extended period and that conditions could have been suitable for sustaining microbial life. › Learn more about Opportunity's twin rover, Spirit Scientific Instrument(s)
Mars Rover Set to "Drive, Drive, Drive"—Headed for "Prize" Mountain. With its extensive robotic-arm tests set to conclude Thursday, the Mars Science Laboratory rover—aka Curiosity—is ready to "drive, drive, drive," mission manager Jennifer Trosper of NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) said in a press conference Wednesday. The initial goal? "To find the right rock to begin doing contact science with the arm. " Once there, the rover can call on the most sophisticated suite of tools ever sent to an alien planet, including an x-ray spectrometer to identify elements in rocks, a supersharp close-up camera, and a lab-in-a-box that chemically analyzes samples dropped in by the arm.
The ultimate goal is to uncover—or rule out—the evidence of past or present organic compounds and other substances seen as building blocks of life as we know it. Curiosity's likely next stop is a site called Glenelg, chosen in part because it features three types of rock. Scientists want to understand how towering Mount Sharp came to be in the middle of a crater. Is Curiosity a He? Mars Rover Spirit - Mars Missions. Photo 1 of 8 Artist concept of Mars Exploration Rover An artist's concept portrays a NASA Mars Exploration Rover on the surface of Mars. Two rovers have been built for 2003 launches and January 2004 arrival at two sites on Mars. Each rover has the mobility and toolkit to function as a robotic geologist. Image credit: NASA/JPL/Cornell University › Larger view Mission Summary One of two rovers launched in 2003 to explore Mars and search for signs of past life, Spirit far outlasted her planned 90-day mission.
In May 2009, the rover became embedded in soft soil at a site called "Troy" with only five working wheels to aid in the rescue effort. › Learn more about Spirit's twin rover, Opportunity Scientific Instrument(s) - Panoramic camera (Pancam)- Microscopic Imager (MI)- Miniature Thermal Emission Spectrometer (Mini-TES)- Mossbauer Spectrometer (MB)- Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer (APXS)- Rock Abrasion Tool (RAT)- Magnet arrays- Hazard Avoidance Cameras (Hazcams)- Navigation Cameras (Navcams)
Mars Rover: Lesson Plans. Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity Rover - Mars Missions. Photo 1 of 10 Curiosity: The Next Mars Rover (Artist's Concept) This artist concept features NASA's Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover, a mobile robot for investigating Mars' past or present ability to sustain microbial life. The rover examines a rock on Mars with a set of tools at the end of the rover's arm.› Full image and caption Mission Summary The Mars Science Laboratory mission's Curiosity rover, the most technologically advanced rover ever built, landed in Mars' Gale Crater the evening of Aug. 5 PDT (morning of Aug. 6 EDT) using a series of complicated landing maneuvers never before attempted.
The specialized landing sequence, which employed a giant parachute, a jet-controlled descent vehicle and a bungee-like apparatus called a "sky crane," was devised because tested landing techniques used during previous rover missions could not safely accommodate the much larger and heavier rover. Scientific Instrument(s) NASA's Mars rover Curiosity Lands On Mars - Key Facts | Itechwik. NASA’s Mars science rover Curiosity landed safely on the Red Planet Mars. Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) is a robotic space probe mission to Mars launched by NASA on November 26, 2011, which successfully landed Curiosity, a Mars rover, in Gale Crater on August 6, 2012 at 05:14:39 UTC. After years of hard work and seven minutes of terror, workers at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory let out their tears of joy.
It took more than 8 months for the Curiosity to make the journey from Earth to Mars. The robotic lab sailed through space for more than eight months, covering 352 million miles (566 million km), before piercing Mars’s atmosphere at 13,000 miles (20,921 km) per hour — 17 times the speed of sound — before starting its descent. The USD 2.5 billion spacecraft is the largest and most advanced ever sent to another planet. The car-size, one-tonne rover’s descent-stage retrorockets fired, guiding it in a “sky crane” manoeuvre to the surface of the Mars. Specifications Spacecraft Rover. NASA_Engineers_Design_article. NASA’s Curiosity Mars Rover. Nuclear generator powers Curiosity Mars mission. When the Curiosity rover touched down on Mars yesterday, a specially designed nuclear generator kicked into action. Previous Mars missions have relied on solar panels to power the rovers, but exploration was slowed down by dust build-up on the solar panels or short winters days with little sunlight.
The Curiosity Rover, which is as big as a large car, is also significantly larger and ten times heavier than previous Martian rovers. Enter the Multi-Mission Radioisotope Thermoelectric Generator, or MMRTP, an energy source that relies on the heat generated by decaying plutonium dioxide to run Curiosity. It’s designed to run at least one Martian year, which is almost two Earth years. The Curiosity is essentially a robotic science lab, equipped with sophisticated instruments for taking ground samples and analyzing their chemical make-up in the search for signs of life. Nuclear power has been used in 26 previous space missions over the past 50 years. Preliminary Design Overview. This Overview page for the Preliminary Design Phase contains the following sections: Overview The preliminary design phase may also be known as conceptual design or architectural design . During this phase, the high-level design concept is created, which will implement the complex electronics requirements.
This design concept may be expressed as functional block diagrams, design and architecture descriptions, sketches, and/or behavioral HDL (hardware description language). The objective of the design phases (preliminary and detailed) is to create a design that will correctly and completely implement the requirements. The objective of design assurance is to verify that the design does implement all the requirements, and that it implements nothing but the requirements. The main design activities for the preliminary design phase are: Create the high-level design description. Preliminary Design Process The diagram below shows the preliminary design process for complex electronics. Remote Sensing Tutorial Page 13-4. Return to Mars: 2012 Rover Curiosity—Live Video. Rover_Communication_handout.docx. The rover's energy.