Tagging Digital Photos – Part II. I’ve been asked by someone for some detail on how I tag my digital photos.
I thought that it might possibly be of some interest to others, so here’s the answer as a blog entry. The starting point is that I tag my photos using some (but by no means all) of the data elements specified by the IPTC Core standard. The following table lists the elements that I use; the descriptions that I have provided are drawn from the excellent Field Guide provided by the PhotoMetadata.org web site. You’ll notice that in the above table, the location fields of ITPC Core (country, state/province, city, sublocation) are marked as legacy. That’s because there’s a newer IPTC specification (IPTC Extension) that seeks to remove the ambiguity implicit in the term “location”. Controlled vocabulary. In library and information science[edit] For example, in the Library of Congress Subject Headings (a subject heading system that uses a controlled vocabulary), authorized terms -- subject headings in this case -- have to be chosen to handle choices between variant spellings of the same concept (American versus British), choice among scientific and popular terms (Cockroaches versus Periplaneta americana), and choices between synonyms (automobile versus cars), among other difficult issues.
Choices of authorized terms are based on the principles of user warrant (what terms users are likely to use), literary warrant (what terms are generally used in the literature and documents), and structural warrant (terms chosen by considering the structure, scope of the controlled vocabulary). Controlled vocabularies also typically handle the problem of homographs, with qualifiers.
There are two main kinds of controlled vocabulary tools used in libraries: subject headings and thesauri. Applications[edit] Education Resources Information Center. Logo of ERIC The Education Resources Information Center (ERIC) - is an online digital library of education research and information.
ERIC is sponsored by the Institute of Education Sciences of the United States Department of Education. The mission of ERIC is to provide a comprehensive, easy-to-use, searchable, Internet-based bibliographic and full-text database of education research and information for educators, researchers, and the general public. Education research and information are essential to improving teaching, learning, and educational decision-making. The ERIC Collection, begun in 1966, contains records for a variety of publication types, including: journal articlesbooksresearch synthesesconference paperstechnical reportsdissertationspolicy papers, andother education-related materials ERIC provides the public with a centralized Web site for searching the ERIC collection and submitting materials to be considered for inclusion in the collection.
ERIC website. Minnie Earl Sears. Minnie Earl Sears (17 November 1873 – 28 November 1933)[1] formulated the Sears Subject Headings, a simplification of the Library of Congress Subject Headings.
In 1999, American Libraries named her one of the "100 Most Important Leaders We Had in the 20th Century".[2] Life and work[edit] Sears was a native of Lafayette, Indiana, and was awarded a B.Sc. from Purdue University at age 18, the youngest graduate in her class. She received an M.Sc in 1893. In 1900 the University of Illinois awarded to her a Bachelor of Library Science degree. Sears had a long career as a cataloguer and bibliographer at a variety of libraries (Bryn Mawr College, University of Minnesota, New York Public Library), before she joined the publishing company H. In order to create her subject headings, Sears consulted small and medium sized libraries throughout the country to discern patterns of usage. EBSCO Support: Sears List of Subject Headings - Frequently Asked Questions. Sears List of Subject Headings - Frequently Asked Questions Click the link below for the answer to the question.
What is the Sears List of Subject Headings? The Sears List of Subject Headings is a thesaurus-like database delivering a core list of headings, together with patterns and examples to guide the cataloger in creating further headings as needed. Since the first edition in 1923, the Sears List has served the unique needs of small and medium sized libraries, suggesting headings appropriate for use in their catalogs and providing patterns and instructions for adding new headings as they are required. The successive editors of the List have faced the need to accommodate change while maintaining a sound continuity. Back to top Where can I find the front matter for the Sears List? You can also directly access the front matter here. Back to top Why do I need the front matter? What is included in this database? Controlled Vocabulary: your site for information on Keyword, Hierarchical Classification, Thesauri, Taxonomy and Subject Heading systems used to describe images in databases (Thesaurus, facet classification, hierarchy)