Clinton Richard Dawkins; 26 марта 1941, Найроби, Британская Кения) — английский этолог, эволюционный биолог, учёный и популяризатор науки. Заслуженный сотрудник Нью-колледжа. С 1995 по 2008 год работал профессором Оксфордского Университета в составе Саймонского профессората популяризации науки.
Докинз, Ричард (1941) Магия реальности (2011) The Magic of Reality: How We Know What's Really True is a 2011 book by British biologist Richard Dawkins, with illustrations by Dave McKean. The book was released on 15 September 2011 in the United Kingdom, and on 4 October 2011 in the United States.[1][2][3] It is a graphic science book aimed primarily at children and young adults.[4][5] Dawkins has stated that the book is intended for those aged around 12 years and upwards, and that when trialling the book prior to publishing, younger readers were able to understand its content with additional adult assistance.[6] Synopsis[edit] Most chapters begin with quick retellings of historical creation myths that emerged as attempts to explain the origin of particular observed phenomena. These myths are chosen from all across the world including Babylonian, Judeo-Christian, Aztec, Maori, Ancient Egyptian, Australian Aboriginal, Nordic, Hellenic, Chinese, Japanese, and other traditions.
Reception[edit] Wyndgate Country Club controversy[edit] Эгоистичный ген (1976) The Selfish Gene is a book on evolution by Richard Dawkins, published in 1976. It builds upon the principal theory of George C. Williams's first book Adaptation and Natural Selection. Dawkins used the term "selfish gene" as a way of expressing the gene-centred view of evolution as opposed to the views focused on the organism and the group, popularising ideas developed during the 1960s by W. D. Hamilton and others. From the gene-centred view follows that the more two individuals are genetically related, the more sense (at the level of the genes) it makes for them to behave selflessly with each other. An organism is expected to evolve to maximise its inclusive fitness—the number of copies of its genes passed on globally (rather than by a particular individual). "Selfish" genes[edit] "Selfish", when applied to genes, doesn't mean "selfish" at all.
Genes and selection[edit] Genes can reproduce at the expense of the organism[edit] Power struggles are rare[edit] Many phenomena explained[edit] Расширенный фенотип (1982) Dawkins considers the Extended Phenotype to be his principal contribution to evolutionary theory.[1] Genes synthesize only proteins[edit] A cathedral termite mound – a small animal with a very noticeable extended phenotype In the main portion of the book, Dawkins argues that the only thing that genes control directly is the synthesis of proteins. He points to the arbitrariness of restricting the idea of the phenotype to apply only to the phenotypic expression of an organism's genes in its own body. Dawkins develops this idea by pointing to the effect that a gene may have on an organism's environment through that organism's behaviour. Genes do not affect the organism's body only[edit] It is commonly suggested that there are three types of EP.
The third type of EP refers to an action at a distance of the parasite on its host. Dawkins summarizes these ideas in what he terms the Central Theorem of the Extended Phenotype: Nests are typical examples of extended phenotypes. See also[edit] Величайшее шоу на Земле (2009) The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution is a 2009 book by British biologist Richard Dawkins, which was released on 3 September 2009 in the UK and on 22 September 2009 in the US[3] It sets out the evidence for biological evolution, and is Dawkins's 10th book, following his best-selling critique of religion The God Delusion (2006) and The Ancestor's Tale (2004), which traced human ancestry back to the dawn of life.
Background[edit] This book is my personal summary of the evidence that the 'theory' of evolution is actually a fact – as incontrovertible a fact as any in science. —Richard Dawkins, The Greatest Show on Earth, p. vii Richard Dawkins has written a number of books about evolution, beginning with his first two titles The Selfish Gene (1976) and The Extended Phenotype (1982). The book is dedicated to Dawkins's technical assistant and web designer Josh Timonen (left) Synopsis[edit] Critical reception[edit] See also[edit] References[edit] External links[edit] Бог как иллюзия (2006) The God Delusion is a 2006 best-selling,[1] non-fiction book by English biologist Richard Dawkins, professorial fellow of New College, Oxford,[2][3] and former holder of the Charles Simonyi Chair for the Public Understanding of Science at the University of Oxford.
In The God Delusion, Dawkins contends that a supernatural creator almost certainly does not exist and that belief in a personal god qualifies as a delusion, which he defines as a persistent false belief held in the face of strong contradictory evidence. He is sympathetic to Robert Pirsig's statement in Lila that "when one person suffers from a delusion it is called insanity. When many people suffer from a delusion it is called religion".[4] The book has attracted widespread commentary, with many books written in response.
Background[edit] Dawkins has argued against creationist explanations of life in his previous works on evolution. Synopsis[edit] Dawkins writes that The God Delusion contains four "consciousness-raising" messages: Капеллан дьявола (2003) The book's title is a reference to a quotation of Charles Darwin, made in reference to Darwin's lack of belief in how "a perfect world" was designed by God: "What a book a devil's chaplain might write on the clumsy, wasteful, blundering low and horridly cruel works of nature! "[1][2] Content[edit] The book is divided into seven sections as follows: 1 Science and Sensibility– essays largely concerning science and the scientific method. 1.1 A Devil's Chaplain 1.2 What is True? 1.3 Gaps in the Mind[3] 1.4 Science, Genetics and Ethics: Memo for Tony Blair 1.5 Trial By Jury[4] 1.6 Crystalline Truth and Crystal Balls 1.7 Postmodernism Disrobed[5] 1.8 The Joy of Living Dangerously; Sanderson of Oundle[6] 2 Light Will Be Thrown– essays on Darwinian topics. 2.1 Light Will Be Thrown[7] 2.2 Darwin Triumphant 2.3 The 'Information Challenge'[8] 2.4 Genes Aren't Us 2.5 Son of Moore's Law 3 The Infected Mind– a selection of anti-religious writings. 3.1 Chinese Junk and Chinese Whispers 3.2 Viruses of the Mind[9]