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The Methods of the Sima. Content summary[edit] General focus[edit] In the East Han dynasty, The Methods of the Sima was classified as a work describing rites and propriety (禮), largely because it discusses methods of organization, administration, and discipline much more deeply than strategy or battlefield tactics. The Methods of the Sima rarely discusses direct issues related to battlefield command, instead concerning itself with how to initiate, administer, and manage military campaigns.

The limited discussions of strategy and tactics which do appear in the work are broad, general, and common to the other Seven Military Classics.[1] The text emphasizes ritual differentiation between the military and civil realms (wen and wu), and marks complimentarity of the two (e.g. 天子之義 chapter, 文與武左右也). The Justification of War[edit] The contributors to the Methods of the Sima stress that appropriate civil and military roles must be distinguished because of their contradictory values.

The Importance of Discipline[edit] The Defence of Duffer's Drift. Map of Duffer's Drift The Defence of Duffer's Drift is a short 1904 book by Major General Sir Ernest Dunlop Swinton. It purports to be a series of six dreams by "Lieutenant Backsight Forethought" about the defence of a river crossing in the Boer War. The infantry tactics in the early dreams are disastrous, but each time BF learns something until in the final defence he is successful.

History[edit] The Defence of Duffer's Drift was published in 1904 when Swinton was a Captain. It appeared in the British United Service Magazine under the pseudonym, Lieutenant N. Backsight Forethought ("BF"), who is the narrator of the book. Lieutenant Backsight Forethought and his command of fifty men are given the task to defend Duffer's Drift, a natural ford to a river.

The Defence of Duffer's Drift was reprinted in the April 1905 edition of the Journal of the United States Infantry Association. Storyline[edit] Lessons learned[edit] The following are the lessons learned discussed in this book.[4] De Re Militari. Ship with armed soldiers - De re militari (15th century), f.231v - BL Add MS 24945 De Re Militari (Latin "Concerning Military Matters"), also Epitoma Rei Militaris, is a treatise by the late Latin writer Publius Flavius Vegetius Renatus about Roman warfare and military principles as a presentation of methods and practices in use during the height of Rome's power, and responsible for that power.

The extant text dates to the 5th century. Vegetius emphasized things such as training of soldiers as a disciplined force, orderly strategy, maintenance of supply lines and logistics, quality leadership and use of tactics and even deceit to ensure advantage over the opposition. He was concerned about selection of good soldiers and recommended hard training of at least four months before the soldier was accepted into the ranks. The leader of the army (dux or duke) had to take care of the men under his command and keep himself informed about the movements of the enemy to gain advantage in the battle. Six Secret Teachings. Chapter Summary[edit] The Civil Strategy: The Civil Strategy provides the narrative of how Jiang Ziya came to dictate the Six Secret Teachings to King Wen, and elaborates on how the state must be organized in order to provide a logistical base for any future military expansion.

"Moral, effective government is the basis for survival and the foundation for warfare. The state must thrive economically while limiting expenditures, foster appropriate values and behaviour among the populace, implement rewards and punishments, employ the worthy, and refrain from disturbing and harming the people. "[2] This strategy teaches commanders never to delight in small advantages, or that is all they will achieve. See also[edit] Notes[edit] Jump up ^ Sawyer, Ralph D. References[edit] ‘Modern’ warfare–the battle for public opinion - Modern-warfare-the-battle-for-public-opinion.pdf. Gunpowder. Gunpowder, also known as black powder, was the first chemical explosive and the only one known until the mid-19th century. It is a mixture of sulfur, charcoal, and potassium nitrate (saltpeter)—with the sulfur and charcoal acting as fuels, while the saltpeter works as an oxidizer.[2][3] Because of its burning properties and the amount of heat and gas volume that it generates, gunpowder has been widely used as a propellant in firearms and as a pyrotechnic composition in fireworks.

Gunpowder was, according to prevailing academic consensus, invented in the 9th century in China,[4] and the earliest record of a written formula for gunpowder appears in the 11th century Song Dynasty text, Wujing Zongyao.[5] This discovery led to the invention of fireworks and the earliest gunpowder weapons in China. In the centuries following the Chinese discovery, gunpowder weapons began appearing in the Muslim world, Europe, and India.

History[edit] Early Chinese rocket China[edit] Middle East[edit] C. Wujing Zongyao. A Chinese Song Dynasty naval river ship with a Xuanfeng traction-trebuchet catapult on its top deck, taken from an illustration of the Wujing Zongyao. The Wujing Zongyao (simplified Chinese: 武经总要; traditional Chinese: 武經總要; pinyin: Wǔjīng Zǒngyào; Wade–Giles: Wu Ching Tsung Yao; literally "Collection of the Most Important Military Techniques") was a Chinese military compendium written in 1044 AD, during the Northern Song Dynasty. Its authors were the prominent scholars Zeng Gongliang (曾公亮), Ding Du (丁度) and Yang Weide (楊惟德), whose writing influenced many later Chinese military writers. The book covered a wide range of subjects, everything from naval warships to different types of catapults.

History[edit] A thunderclap bomb, an early explosive bomb. After the edition of 1510 was printed, other Ming Dynasty copies were made. Compass and navigation[edit] Gunpowder formulas and weapons[edit] A page with the formula for gunpowder from the Wujing Zongyao manuscript. Formulas[edit] 1st Formula[18] How to Make a Ghillie Suit - Part 7 - Create the Hood and Rifle Wrap. For our ghillie suit, the hood was simply a piece of netting cut to a specific pattern. The size of a hood was shaped to extend from shoulder to shoulder and over the face. The photo below shows the width and length of the hood that forms an oval shaped pattern. Note this hood was made to fit a Large-Regular BDU Jacket. The size of the hood could vary with the size of your jacket.

Ghillie thread will be tied onto the hood and jacket at the end of the tutorial. An alternative to making a hood is to attach netting and ghillie thread to a boonie hat. How to make a Ghillie Cape | GhillieTreff.de. A Ghillie suit (photo) tutorial part II. Revanchism. Revanchism (from French: revanche, "revenge") is a term used since the 1870s to describe a political manifestation of the will to reverse territorial losses incurred by a country, often following a war or social movement. Revanchism draws its strength from patriotic and retributionist thought and is often motivated by economic or geo-political factors.

Extreme revanchist ideologues often represent a hawkish stance, suggesting that desired objectives can be achieved through the positive outcome of another war. Revanchism is linked with irredentism, the conception that a part of the cultural and ethnic nation remains "unredeemed" outside the borders of its appropriate nation-state. Revanchist politics often rely on the identification of a nation with a nation-state, often mobilizing deep-rooted sentiments of ethnic nationalism, claiming territories outside of the state where members of the ethnic group live, while using heavy-handed nationalism to mobilize support for these aims. Top 10 Historic Victories Against All Odds - Top 10 Lists. Throughout History many battles were fought in the name of Conquest. Many were flawless victories to those posing the biggest armies; the sheer number of soldiers would force surrender on the opposing side less they were willing to face being slaughtered.

There are however, exceptions to this rule. The following is a list of battles proving that sometimes honor, courage and superior military tactics bring the little guy a much deserved victory. After all, everyone likes to cheer for the underdog. 10 Defeat of the Spanish Armada 1588 Some in-laws just never get along. The English navy had fewer ships and men, but the ships were smaller and more maneuverable. BBC - Battlefield Britain Spanish Armada Part 1/6 <div style="background-color:red;color:white;width:160px"><strong>JavaScript is disabled! Adobe Flash Player not installed or older than 9.0.124! In 333 BC, in what is now modern day Turkey, Alexander the Great proved that sometimes it really is brains over brawn.

Battle of Issus 1/5. NLF and PAVN battle tactics. Soldier of a NLF/Viet Cong Main Force Unit. They shared common arms, procedures, tactics, organization and personnel with PAVN. NLF and PAVN battle tactics comprised a flexible mix of guerrilla and conventional warfare battle tactics used by the Main Force of the People's Liberation Armed Forces (known as the National Liberation Front or Viet Cong in the West) and the NVA (People's Army-Vietnam) to defeat their American and South Vietnamese (GVN/ARVN) opponents during the Second Indochina War (Vietnam War).

For related articles on strategy/organization and logistics see: The National Liberation Front (NLF) in this article, identifies an umbrella of front groups to conduct the insurgency in South Vietnam. The NLF was affiliated with independent groups and sympathizers. The armed wing of the NLF was regional and local guerrillas, and the People's Liberation Armed Forces (PLAF). NLF/PAVN tactics in battle[edit] Seizing the initiative: metering losses and controlling tempo[edit] Battlefield:Vietnam | Guerrilla Tactics. Main force Vietcong units were uniformed, full-time soldiers, and were used to launch large scale offensives over a wide area. Regional forces were also full-time, but operated only within their own districts. When necessary, small regional units would unite for large scale attacks. If enemy pressure became too great, they would break down into smaller units and scatter. Unlike the main troops, who saw themselves as professional soldiers, local Vietcong groups tended to be far less confident.

For the most part, recruits were young teenagers, and while many were motivated by idealism, others had been pressured or shamed into joining. Initially, local guerrillas were given only a basic minimum of infantry training, but if they were recruited to a main force unit, they could receive up to a month of advanced instruction. By the mid-1960s, most main force Vietcong troops were armed with Chinese versions of the Russian AK-47 submachine gun.

Ear shaping. Ear shaping is the process of altering the shape of the human ear(s) as a body modification practice, often resulting in a non-human appearance. The medical procedure via which ears are reshaped to give a normal appearance is known as otoplasty. Ear shaping is usually performed by body modification artists. There are several ways in which human ears can be given a different appearance, including cropping, pointing, and the amputation of various parts. The various methods may be combined to give specific results. Amputation[edit] Cropping[edit] Cutting[edit] Cutting involves removing small portions of tissue or cutting parts of the ear to produce a new shape or a decorative pattern. Pointing[edit] Ear pointing or "elfing" by various methods is undertaken to give them an appearance similar to that of elves or Vulcans.

References[edit] Academic fencing. Technique[edit] An 1896 picture of de:Adolf Hoffmann-Heyden(German), a German Corpsstudent, showing an extensive fresh fencing scar and some minor old ones. Student sabre duel, 1900 Mensur fencing with Korbschlägern in Tübingen in 1831 The scar resulting from a hit is called a "smite" (German Schmiss), and was seen as a badge of honour, especially in the second half of the 19th century and the first half of the 20th. History[edit] Timetable of academic fencing in Germany Fencing lesson at the university fencing school in Altdorf, 1725 Corporate student of the "Agronomia" in Bonn 1928/1929 Typical smallsword of the 1740s Starting in Spain at the end of the 15th century, the dueling sword (rapier) became a regular part of the attire of noblemen throughout Europe.

Student life was quite unsafe in these years, especially in the 16th and 17th centuries during the Reformation wars and the Thirty Year War (1618–1648), when a major part of the German population was killed. Modern Mensur[edit] Dueling scar. An 1896 picture of a German Corpsstudent (Adolf Hoffmann-Heyden, 1877-1964), showing an extensive fresh fencing scar and some minor old ones Dueling scars (German: Schmissen) have been seen as a "badge of honour" since as early as 1825. Known variously as "Mensur scars", "the bragging scar", "smite", "Schmitte" or "Renommierschmiss", dueling scars were popular amongst upper-class Austrians and Germans involved in academic fencing at the start of the 20th century. Being a practice amongst university students, it was seen as a mark of their class and honour, due to the status of dueling societies at German and Austrian universities at the time, and is an early example of scarification in European society.[1] The practice of duelling and the associated scars was also present to some extent in the German military.[2] The sport of academic fencing at the time was very different from modern fencing using specially developed swords.

Social significance[edit] Nature of the scars[edit] The Codebreakers. Overview[edit] Bradford Hardie III, an American cryptographer during World War II, contributed insider information, German translations from original documents, as well as intimate real-time operational explanations to The Codebreakers. The Codebreakers is widely regarded as the best account of the history of cryptography up to its publication. William Crowell, the former deputy director of the National Security Agency, was quoted in Newsday magazine as saying "Before he (Kahn) came along, the best you could do was buy an explanatory book that usually was too technical and terribly dull.

"[1] Kahn, then a journalist, was contracted to write a book on cryptology in 1961. A committee of the United States Intelligence Board concluded that the book was "a possibly valuable support to foreign COMSEC authorities" and recommended "further low-key actions as possible, but short of legal action, to discourage Mr.

The book finishes with a chapter on SETI. See also[edit] References[edit] Code talker. Book:Elite Warriors (Defunct SOF) Book:Veterans infobook. Book:Vietnam War Book. Book:Elite Warriors. Book:Animals in warfare. Book:Counterterrorism Handbook. Book:Budo and bujutsu. Leonardo Bibliographies: Synesthesia in Art and Science. Culminating point. Military Revolution. Defence in depth. Menno van Coehoorn. Mantrap. Military of Switzerland. Polygonal fort. Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban. Star fort. Book:Fort Ticonderoga. Book:Atlantic campaign of May 1794. Book:Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814. Book:Guadalcanal Campaign. Dirty War. False flag. Irregular military. List of military tactics. CADPAT.

MARPAT. U.S. Army universal camouflage trials. Wartime Camouflage Colours. Survival, Evasion, and Recovery: Chapter I - Evasion: Camouflage. DazzleThayer. Camouflage. Camouflage (1944 film) List of military clothing camouflage patterns. Battledress. Adaptive Coloration in Animals. Operation Crusader. Siege of Tobruk. Small Unit Actions During the German Campaign in Russia. Napoleon's Strategy and Tactics : Victories and Defeats : Principles of War. JEL - Joint Electronic Library. Everycitizenasoldier.org. Fog of war. Battlespace. Scorched earth. Operation Bertram. Middle East Command Camouflage Directorate. Military supply chain management. Book:War. Military logistics. Power projection. Strategic depth. Loss of Strength Gradient.

Military crest. Mountain warfare. Military geography. Airmen make black pudding from their own blood. 5 Strange Sports that are Gaining Popularity. Richard Meinertzhagen. Online Library: Fiore dei Liberi c1409. Combat Studies Institute. Combat Stress and Army Combat Stress Control Teams: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives - Historical-and-Contemporary-Perspectives-of-Combat-and-Operational-Stress.pdf.

A Nation of Wimps. Bolivia Gives Legal Rights To The Earth. Doug Henwood Talks » Blog Archive » Israeli tech & Talpiot. Put Em Down, Take Em Out - Knife Fighting Techniques from Folsom Prison[www.grabthe.info].torrent illegal Collection of. Memento mori. Mottainai. Wabi-sabi. The War Language. Klingon Course 6: Flirting. Agoge. Hugh Glass. Egil Skallagrimsson and the Viking Ideal. 5 Superpowers You Didn't Know Your Body Was Hiding From You. 6 Death-Defying Stunts That Are Secretly Easy to Do. Treason. Work and Sleep, Where's the Glory?

A Simple Question. Kabaddi. The Thirty-Six Stratagems.