Irish Spelling and Pronunciation. Some initial observations: Spoken Irish has only a few sounds not found in some dialect of English.Irish has a unique spelling system, quite different from the English one.Irish spelling, although complicated, is actually much more regular than English spelling (!). The following summary is intended to cover only the broad principles of spelling and pronunciation. The English sounds used to show the value of the Irish letters are sometimes only approximate, although they are always reasonably close. You should consult a textbook for the fine points, which vary somewhat from dialect to dialect. I. Except for a few common words with an unstressed prefix, all words are strongly accented on the first syllable.
II. Irish has both short vowels and long vowels. The long vowels are: í as in sí pronounced “shee”é as in sé pronounced “shay”ú as in tú pronounced “too”ó as in bó pronounced “boe”á as in tá pronounced “taw” (This is the same “a” as in the BBC pronunciation of “law” or “walk”. ) III. IV. ‘Bhíodh náire orm faoin nGaeilge ach tuigim anois gurb í teanga m’anama í’ – TED Talk tugtha ag aisteoir óg Gaeltachta in Berkeley – Tuairisc.ie.
Tá físeán faoi ‘áilleacht na Gaeilge’ foilsithe mar chuid den tsraith cainteanna iomráiteacha ‘TEDxBerkeley 2018’ an tseachtain seo. ‘The Irish Language and Beauty’ is teideal don chaint a rinne an t-aisteoir aitheanta as Conamara Dónall Ó Héalaí. Ina chaint, atá le feiceáil thíos, tagraíonn Ó Héalaí do ghaiscí Chonán Maol na Mallacht, nó Conán Mac Morna, laoch mór na miotaseolaíochta a thug faoi thuras fada fiáin sula mb’éigean dó a scíth a ligean le deis a thabhairt dá anam teacht chomh fada leis. Ag labhairt dó ar ardán TEDx, déanann Ó Héalaí ceangal idir aistear an laoich agus “an turas mór” atá déanta aige ina shaol féin go dtí seo chun ‘aithne níos doimhne’ á chur air féin. Dúirt Ó Héalaí gur thóg sé 30 bliain air “rud a bhí an-tábhachtach dó” a oibriú amach, is é sin gurb í an Ghaeilge ”teanga a anama”.
Thug Ó Héalaí le fios don slua a bhí ag éisteacht leis in Berkeley gur fhás sé aníos i gConamara in iarthar na hÉireann, agus go raibh an Ghaeilge mar theanga dhúchais aige. Lenition. Lenition is one of the two mutations that Irish words undergo, and it can be a very tricky topic for many people. Anciently, lenition marks where a word was preceded by another word that ended in a vowel. Over time, being stuck between two vowels caused a weakening or “lightening” of the sound of the consonant. In linguistic terms, the consonant became a “spirant.” Rather than being a stop, where the teeth, tongue and lips stop air from leaving your mouth as you make the sound, the form of the sound changed to allow air through. Nowadays, lenition happens in a variety of places where once the word being lenited was (and sometimes still is) preceded by another word that ends in a vowel. Take the word “grá,” for example. Modern Irish marks lenition by putting an “h” after the lenited consonant.
These are the sound changes that occur with lenition at the beginning of a word: b -> bh pronounced like W before A, O, or U; like V before E or I Before E or I, it is pronounced like “y” An Caighdeán Oifigiúil, Tithe an Oireachtais. An Caighdeán Oifigiúil Foilsíodh ‘An Caighdeán Oifigiúil’ (Gramadach na Gaeilge agus Litriú na Gaeilge – An Caighdeán Oifigiúil) ar dtús sa bhliain 1958. San fhoilseachán sin, leagadh amach rialacha gramadaí agus litrithe le haghaidh daoine a úsáideann an Ghaeilge go hoifigiúil – sa reachtaíocht, i bhfoilseacháin oifigiúla an Stáit, sa chóras oideachais, sna meáin chumarsáide agus i réimsí eile nach iad. Ba i Rannóg an Aistriúcháin a cuireadh an Caighdeán Oifigiúil i dtoll a chéile agus cuireadh athchlónna de amach go rialta ón mbliain 1960 anuas go dtí an bhliain 2004.Beartaíodh le déanaí eagrán nua athbhreithnithe a réiteach d’fhonn rialacha áirithe a choigeartú nó a leathnú agus d’fhonn tuilleadh soiléirithe a thabhairt ar roinnt rialacha eile.
Tá An Caighdeán Oifigiúil Athbhreithnithe sin ar fáil lena cheannach anois ó Oifig an tSoláthair, arna fhoilsiú ag Seirbhís Thithe an Oireachtais, nó is féidir breathnú ar chóip leictreonach de anseo: An Caighdeán Oifigiúil Séimhiú - Caighdeán. Caighdeán Leathan agus Caighdeán Cúng De bharr an teanga a bheith ag forbairt i rith an ama, tá bearna shuntasach tagtha chun cinn idir an caighdeán scríofa agus nósanna áirithe sa teanga bheo. Cé nach bhfuil aon réiteach simplí ar an deacracht seo, measann an Coiste nár mhiste aitheantas a thabhairt do dhá leibhéal caighdeáin scríofa, caighdeán docht a bheadh soleanta agus somhúinte don earnáil phoiblí agus lucht foghlama, agus caighdeán níos scaoilte bunaithe ar Ghaeilge na Gaeltachta do dhaoine a fheidhmíonn go nádúrtha agus go compordach sa mheán seo. Tá an meon seo bunaithe cuid mhaith ar mholadh de chuid an Oll. Dónall Ó Baoill, a foilsíodh in alt leis, “Athchaighdeánú” na Nua-Ghaeilge, An Aimsir Óg 2000, Cuid II (Coiscéim, 2000), lgh 128-139, áit a bpléann sé an gá le Caighdeán Cúng don saol poiblí agus don fhoghlaimeoir ach Caighdeán Leathan do chainteoirí Gaeltachta agus d’fhoghlaimeoirí foirfe. · Séimhiú ar an Aidiacht bean mhaith, don bhean mhaith, a bhean mhaith 1: Séimhiú 1.
Gramadach na Gaeilge. Phonology. Irish phonology. Map of the Irish-speaking areas of Ireland. Places mentioned in this article are named on the map. The phonology of the Irish language varies from dialect to dialect; there is no standard pronunciation of Irish. Therefore, this article focuses on phenomena that pertain generally to most or all dialects, and on the major differences among the dialects. Detailed discussion of the dialects can be found in the specific articles: Ulster Irish, Connacht Irish, and Munster Irish. Irish phonology has been studied as a discipline since the late 19th century, with numerous researchers publishing descriptive accounts of dialects from all regions where the language is spoken.
The Irish language shares a number of phonological characteristics with its nearest linguistic relatives, Scottish Gaelic and Manx, as well as with Hiberno-English, the language with which it is most closely in contact. History of the discipline[edit] Title page of Die araner Mundart. Consonants[edit] On- and offglides[edit] [edit] Irish initial mutations. Irish orthography. Irish orthography has evolved over many centuries, since Old Irish was first written down in the Latin alphabet in about the 8th century AD. Prior to that, Primitive Irish was written in Ogham. Irish orthography is mainly based on etymological considerations, although a spelling reform in the mid-20th century simplified the relationship between spelling and pronunciation somewhat. There are three dialects of spoken Irish: Ulster (now predominantly in County Donegal), Connacht (Counties Mayo and Galway), and Munster (Counties Kerry, Cork, and Waterford).
Some spelling conventions are common to all the dialects, while others vary from dialect to dialect. In addition, individual words may have in any given dialect a pronunciation that is not reflected by the spelling. (The pronunciations in this article reflect Connacht Irish pronunciation; other accents may differ.) Alphabet[edit] a á b c d e é f g h i í l m n o ó p r s t u ú; á bé cé dé é eif gé héis í eil eim ein ó pé ear eas té ú. Microsoft Word - How the Language Works1.doc - tt.pdf.