Behold ORBIS, a Google Maps for the Roman Empire. Cartographic relief depiction. The most obvious way to depict relief is to imitate it at scale, as in molded or sculpted solid terrain models and molded-plastic raised-relief maps.
Because of the disparity between the horizontal and vertical scales of maps, raised relief is typically exaggerated. On flat paper maps, terrain can be depicted in a variety of ways, outlined below: Hill profiles[edit] From a 1639 map of Hispaniola by Joan Vinckenboons, showing use of hill profiles The most ancient form of relief depiction in cartography, hill profiles are simply illustrations of mountains and hills in profile, placed as appropriate on generally small-scale (broad area of coverage) maps.
GIS Software. Mapdawg's Geographic Information Systems (GIS) Data Site. Worldhistorymaps.info/images/East-Hem_100ad. Map Landia.