Table. Html40. Notable. Selectors - Cascading Style Sheets Syntax. When a style sheet is abstracted from the document tree it applies to (as it is with Embedded and External style sheets), a method is needed to connect style statements to items in the document tree. In the CSS Rule-Set syntax, a 'Selector' is used to specify the portion of the document tree that the style declaration that follows will be attached to. A Selector is the portion of a Rule-Set that comes before the style Declaration Block embedded within curly braces ('{' and '}'.)
Selector syntax in CSS2 can look for matches using five different contexts: elements, attributes, special HTML attributes, Pseudo-Classes and Pseudo-Elements. The granularity and power that the CSS2 Selector syntax allows gives an author tremendous power, but much of this has not been implemented by the popular browsers. The Selector syntax specified in CSS1 is the norm, but is more limited. Frames in HTML documents. HTML frames allow authors to present documents in multiple views.
Views may be independent windows or subwindows. Multiple views offer designers a way to keep certain information visible, while other views are scrolled or replaced. For instance, to use three frames: one for a static banner, one for a navigation menu, and one for a main view that can be scrolled though or replaced by clicking on an item in the navigation frame. Layout of frames An HTML document with frames has a slightly different makeup than an HTML document without frames.
The FRAMESET section of a document specifies the layout of views in the main user agent window. The BODY section that follows the FRAMESET declaration provides alternate content for user agents that do not support frames or are configured not to display frames. Elements that might normally be placed in the BODY element must not appear before the first FRAMESETelement or the FRAMESET will be ignored.
The FRAMESET element Attribute definitions name = cdata. Css Zen Garden: The Beauty in CSS Design. FSF - The Free Software Foundation. Css.maxdesign.com.au - CSS resources and tutorials for web desig. The Second Acid Test or Acid2 Test. Chapter 2 CSS. As we explained in the previous chapter, HTML elements enable Web page designers to mark up a document as to its structure.
The HTML specification lists guidelines on how browsers should display these elements. For example, you can be reasonably sure that the contents of a strong element will be displayed bold-faced. Also, you can pretty much trust that most browsers will display the content of an h1 element using a big font size... at least bigger than the p element and bigger than the h2 element. But beyond trust and hope, you don't have any control over how your text appears. CSS changes that. Rules and Style Sheets To start using CSS, you don't even have to write style sheets.
There are two ways to create CSSs. What you see above is a simple CSS rule that contains one rule. Rule is a statement about one stylistic aspect of one or more elements. Style sheet is a set of one or more rules that apply to an HTML document. Figure 2.1 We will now start dissecting the rule. Anatomy of a rule The. Linking Style Sheets to HTML. There are many ways to link style sheets to HTML, each carrying its own advantages and disadvantages. New HTML elements and attributes have been introduced to allow easy incorporation of style sheets into HTML documents.
Linking to an External Style Sheet An external style sheet may be linked to an HTML document through HTML's LINK element: The <LINK> tag is placed in the document HEAD. The optional TYPE attribute is used to specify a media type--text/css for a Cascading Style Sheet--allowing browsers to ignore style sheet types that they do not support.
Configuring the server to send text/css as the Content-type for CSS files is also a good idea. External style sheets should not contain any HTML tags like <HEAD> or <STYLE>. Could be used as an external style sheet. The <LINK> tag also takes an optional MEDIA attribute, which specifies the medium or media to which the style sheet should be applied. Multiple media are specified through a comma-separated list or the value all. persistent An. Cascading Style Sheets. CSS is designed primarily to enable the separation of document content from document presentation, including elements such as the layout, colors, and fonts.[1] This separation can improve content accessibility, provide more flexibility and control in the specification of presentation characteristics, enable multiple pages to share formatting, and reduce complexity and repetition in the structural content (such as by allowing for tableless web design).
CSS can also allow the same markup page to be presented in different styles for different rendering methods, such as on-screen, in print, by voice (when read out by a speech-based browser or screen reader) and on Braille-based, tactile devices. It can also be used to allow the web page to display differently depending on the screen size or device on which it is being viewed. CSS specifies a priority scheme to determine which style rules apply if more than one rule matches against a particular element.
Syntax[edit] Selector[edit] Use[edit]