Sensory system - Human Physiology Bms 404 with Bergren at Creighton University - StudyBlue. Brain Cells. Advertisement. EnchantedLearning.com is a user-supported site. As a bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages.Click here to learn more. (Already a member? Click here.) The brain and spinal cord are made up of many cells, including neurons and glial cells. Neurons are cells that send and receive electro-chemical signals to and from the brain and nervous system. There are many type of neurons. Neurons are nerve cells that transmit nerve signals to and from the brain at up to 200 mph. The axon, a long extension of a nerve cell, and take information away from the cell body.
Myelin coats and insulates the axon (except for periodic breaks called nodes of Ranvier), increasing transmission speed along the axon. The cell body (soma) contains the neuron's nucleus (with DNA and typical nuclear organelles). A typical neuron has about 1,000 to 10,000 synapses (that is, it communicates with 1,000-10,000 other neurons, muscle cells, glands, etc.).
Ear - Wikipedia. Organ of hearing and balance How sounds make their way from the source to the human brain The ear may be affected by disease, including infection and traumatic damage. Diseases of the ear may lead to hearing loss, tinnitus and balance disorders such as vertigo, although many of these conditions may also be affected by damage to the brain or neural pathways leading from the ear. The ear has been adorned by earrings and other jewelry in numerous cultures for thousands of years, and has been subjected to surgical and cosmetic alterations. Structure Outer ear Two sets of muscles are associated with the outer ear: the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles. Middle ear The middle ear lies between the outer ear and the inner ear. The three ossicles transmit sound from the outer ear to the inner ear. The round window allows for the fluid within the inner ear to move. Inner ear The inner ear sits within the temporal bone in a complex cavity called the bony labyrinth.
Blood supply Function Hearing Balance Vertigo. What is the function of the sensory system? Six senses are commonly accepted as being accessible to humans and many animals: sight, hearing, taste, smell, touch and proprioception. That last sense is the ability to know where the parts of the body are in relation to one another at all times. Each sensory organ has nerve receptors attached to it that are designed to transmit signals. For example, the eyes contain photoreceptors for light, the nose and tongue contain chemoreceptors for chemicals, and the skin contains mechanoreceptors for movement, pressure and related sensations. Sensory neurons operate on the all-or-nothing principle; they are either on or off. No varying levels of signal exist. When the brain receives sensory input, it sends the appropriate response along motor neuron pathways to respond to the stimulus. Learn more about Nerves. Sensory systems. A sensory system is a part of nervous system consisting of sensory receptors that receive stimuli from internal and external environment, neural pathways that conduct this information to brain and parts of brain that processes this information.
The information is called sensory information and it may or may not lead to conscious awareness. If it does, it can be called sensation. Receptors Specialized endings of afferent neurons or separate cells that affect ends of afferent neurons. They collect information about external and internal environment in various energy forms-and energy that activates a receptor is called a stimulus. Each receptor is specific to a certain type of stimulus, which is called its adequate stimulus. Receptor Potential Gating of ion channels in specialized receptor membranes allows a change in ion fluxes across the membrane, generating a graded receptor potential. Neural Pathways in Sensory Systems Olfaction is NOT represented in cerebral cortex. Primary Sensory Coding.