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Neurolinguistics. This article is about the academic field of neurolinguistics.

Neurolinguistics

For the pseudoscientific psychotherapy and communications model, see Neuro-linguistic programming. Neurolinguistics is the study of the neural mechanisms in the human brain that control the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language. As an interdisciplinary field, neurolinguistics draws methodology and theory from fields such as neuroscience, linguistics, cognitive science, neurobiology, communication disorders, neuropsychology, and computer science. Researchers are drawn to the field from a variety of backgrounds, bringing along a variety of experimental techniques as well as widely varying theoretical perspectives. Much work in neurolinguistics is informed by models in psycholinguistics and theoretical linguistics, and is focused on investigating how the brain can implement the processes that theoretical and psycholinguistics propose are necessary in producing and comprehending language.

History[edit] Notes[edit] 10 Best Neuroscience Websites. Phineas Gage neuroscience case: True story of famous frontal lobe patient is better than textbook accounts. On Sept. 13, 1848, at around 4:30 p.m., the time of day when the mind might start wandering, a railroad foreman named Phineas Gage filled a drill hole with gunpowder and turned his head to check on his men.

Phineas Gage neuroscience case: True story of famous frontal lobe patient is better than textbook accounts.

It was the last normal moment of his life. Other victims in the annals of medicine are almost always referred to by initials or pseudonyms. Not Gage: His is the most famous name in neuroscience. How ironic, then, that we know so little else about the man—and that much of what we think we know, especially about his life unraveling after his accident, is probably bunk. Image via J.B.S. The Rutland and Burlington Railroad had hired Gage’s crew that fall to clear away some tough black rock near Cavendish, Vermont, and it considered Gage the best foreman around. Gage’s crew members were loading some busted rock onto a cart, and they apparently distracted him. The iron entered Gage’s head point-first, striking below the left cheekbone. Image courtesy EEng/Creative Commons Dr. J.D. MIT’s Sebastian Seung has turned mapping the... Sebastian Seung's Home Page.

Put Down the iPad, Lace Up the Hiking Boots - That sneaking suspicion that you’re a more focused, creative person out in the woods?

Put Down the iPad, Lace Up the Hiking Boots -

It’s true. Have you been staring cow-eyed at a computer all morning? Fiddling with your iPhone in line at Starbucks? Checking Twitter and ESPN every four minutes on your tablet? Good. Psychologists call such wordplay the “remote associates test,” or RAT, and use it to study creativity and intuition. But not all minds think alike, or even like a think. David Strayer, a professor of cognition and neural science at the University of Utah, noticed that his brain felt more limber, his thoughts more fluid, on backcountry trips in the Southwest than they did in the lab.

Strayer began to organize yearly camping trips for his fellow neuroscientists. Earlier attempts to study creativity in nature had proved less fruitful. The RAT was easy to administer—no laptops involved—so Strayer and the Atchleys contracted with Outward Bound to run their experimental design. Neuroplasticity. Contrary to conventional thought as expressed in this diagram, brain functions are not confined to certain fixed locations.

Neuroplasticity

Neuroplasticity, also known as brain plasticity, is an umbrella term that encompasses both synaptic plasticity and non-synaptic plasticity—it refers to changes in neural pathways and synapses which are due to changes in behavior, environment and neural processes, as well as changes resulting from bodily injury.[1] Neuroplasticity has replaced the formerly-held position that the brain is a physiologically static organ, and explores how - and in which ways - the brain changes throughout life.[2] Neuroplasticity occurs on a variety of levels, ranging from cellular changes due to learning, to large-scale changes involved in cortical remapping in response to injury. The role of neuroplasticity is widely recognized in healthy development, learning, memory, and recovery from brain damage.

Neurobiology[edit] Cortical maps[edit] Applications and example[edit] Vision[edit] Neural Network. Molly Crockett: Beware neuro-bunk. Human Brain Project - Home.