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Commons - Biens Communs - Bens comuns - Bienes comunes

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Category:Commons. = What we share. Creations of both nature and society that belong to all of us equally, and should be maintained for future generations. The Commons has the potential to replace the commodity as the determining form of re-/producing societal living conditions. Such a replacement can only occur, if communities constitute themselves for every aspect of life, in order to take „their“ commons back and to reintegrate them into a new need-focused logic of re-/production. [1] This new section exclusively devoted to the emergence of Commons in various fields.

Most commons fall into three general categories – gifts of nature, material creations, and intangible creations (i.e. the Three Commons. [2]. "Our global economic system is now in grave crisis, threatening the entire planet, its institutions and species. A new kind of common wealth is needed to protect the assets of Earth, resolve our private and public debts, and create a global society of justice, sharing and sustainability for everyone. Quelles différences entre les biens communs et le communisme ? » Article » OWNI, Digital Journalism. Quelle sont les similitudes divergences entre les traditions socialistes et l'émergence des idées et pratiques liées au P2P et des biens communs ? Michel Bauwens, fondateur de la P2P Foundation, nous explique sa vision. Titre original : How does the idea of p2p and the commons differ from the socialist tradition? Dans cet article du journal Pagina 12, le journaliste Mariano Blejman écrit que je mets sur le même plan le matériel ouvert et socialisme.

Et c’est également le message qui semble être relayé aujourd’hui sur twitter. Ceci n’est pas exactement ma position, et j’aimerais donc en profiter pour publier de nouveau un précédent article qui explique notre positionnement vis à vis du socialisme. Quelle est la connexion entre la tradition historique du socialisme/communisme et l’émergence contemporaine des idéologies liées au peer to peer et des biens publics ?

Notre interprétation du communisme Et le Peer to Peer ? Quelles sont alors les principales différences avec le communisme ? Knowledge Is a Common Good - Transform Network. The Effects of the Open Source Movement on the Development of Politics and Society Introduction In October 2009, Transform! Co-promoted the first Free Culture Forum (FCF). The FCF is one of the first attempts to create an international space of networking and strategic reflection for a wide range of movements that have emerged across the world in different fields and are related to the production, access, circulation and management of cultural works and knowledge goods.

It concluded an intense three days’ work with the release of a Charter for Innovation, Creativity and Access to Knowledge, which condensed demands, principles and concrete actions to differently regulate the legal, political and economical challenges posed by the revolution taking place in the way that knowledge, information and culture are created, accessed and transformed. At the same time it offers a useful map of the crucial struggles, the issues at play and the dangers1. For Transform! The Free Culture Movements Notes. Tragedy of the commons. The tragedy of the commons concept is often cited in connection with sustainable development, meshing economic growth and environmental protection, as well as in the debate over global warming. It has also been used in analyzing behavior in the fields of economics, evolutionary psychology, anthropology, game theory, politics, taxation, and sociology.

However the concept, as originally developed, has also received criticism for not taking into account the many other factors operating to enforce or agree on regulation in this scenario. Lloyd's pamphlet[edit] In 1833, the English economist William Forster Lloyd published a pamphlet which included an example of herders sharing a common parcel of land on which they are each entitled to let their cows graze. In English villages, shepherds had sometimes grazed their sheep in common areas, and sheep ate grass more severely than cows. Garrett Hardin's article[edit] [edit] As a metaphor, the tragedy of the commons should not be taken too literally. Rio+20 – Tragedy of the Commons 2.0? Are the discussions on sustainability at Rio about to end once more with no serious commitment to the fundamental transformations needed?

These coming three days will be decisive with heads of state coming to a closure at the end of the week. They are summoned to exercise leadership and face their responsibilities. The feedback received from Rio is unpromising, after mobilizing for proposals via The Future We Want and other avenues for feedback and recommendation, most of the organizations representing civil society feel they have hardly been able to get their voice heard and they are now circulating a petition on The Future We Don’t Want… An admission of failure and the sentiment of having been played?

As a result, the People Summit held dialogues outside of the UN participation structure and published 'Another Future is Possible' in direct opposition to the orientations the UN negociators have been taking in the past few months. "Let The Hacking Begin" Declares Person Who Hacked Zuckerberg's Facebook Fan Page. Elinor Ostrom Debunks Tragedy of the Commons. Nobel Prize-winning economist Elinor Ostrom proved that people can—and do—work together to manage commonly-held resources without degrading them. posted Oct 27, 2009 The biggest roadblock standing in the way of many people’s recognition of the importance of the commons came tumbling down when Indiana University professor Elinor Ostrom won the Nobel Prize for Economics. Garrett Hardin described the Tragedy of the Commons with a hypothetical example of shared herding land: If all herders make the individually rational economic decision of increasing the number of cows they graze on the land, the collective effect will deplete or destroy the common.

Over many decades, Ostrom has documented how various communities manage common resources—grazing lands, forests, irrigation waters, fisheries—equitably and sustainably over the long term. Garrett Hardin himself later revised his own view, noting that what he described was actually the Tragedy of the Unmanaged Commons. -Elinor Ostrom YES! Inducing Peer Pressure to Promote Cooperation : Scientific Reports. Overview of mechanism The main idea behind the mechanism is illustrated in Figure 1. In contrast with the Pigouvian approach, which focuses on the individual causing the externality, our mechanism focuses on their peers in the social network.

The idea is to incentivize agent A's peers to exert (positive or negative) pressure on A. In reality, such peer pressure may take many forms. In the energy consumption scenario, examples of positive pressure include giving useful energy-saving advice to a neighbor, or giving the neighbor a hand at installing a solar panel. This behavior can be encouraged/discouraged by internalizing the externality in the form of subsidy or tax on A and B directly; Bottom: Localizing externalities to the peers (yellow) of individuals A and B incentivizes their respective peers to use peer influence to encourage/discourage the behavior causing the positive/negative externality, respectively. Full size image (204 KB) Model of externalities . . . . . Assumptions . . . And. Le bien commun : l'assaut final - Un documentaire de Carole Poliquin. Nombreux sont ceux qui pensent qu’en France le projet de loi « Création et Internet » (ou Hadopi) n’est pas qu’une simple question technique et juridique pour endiguer le « piratage », mais se situe bien au delà, sur le front politique et sociétal de la défense des biens communs contre une « marchandisation » croissante des activités humaines, ici la culture[1].

C’est pourquoi il nous a semblé intéressant de proposer aux lecteurs de passage un « vieux » documentaire que vous n’avez peut-être pas eu l’occasion de voir à sa sortie en 2002 (durée : 1 heure). Il a pour titre Le bien commun : l’assaut final et a été réalisé par la québécoise Carole Poliquin (dont nous avons obtenu accord pour diffusion). Voici ce qu’en disait Bernard Langlois dans le journal Politis : Sur le fond, c’est une charge très argumentée, très démonstrative contre la mondialisation libérale, nourrie de reportages et de témoignages recueillis au Canada, au Mexique, aux États-Unis, en Inde, en France.

Loaded: 0% Engaging For the Commons - Global Pull Platform. In january 2011, The Secretary General of the UN Ban Ki-moon, called for revolutionary thinking and action to ensure an economic model for survival. A year later, the Global Sustainability Panel he created to this effect published its recommendations report for Rio+20: Resilient people, resilient Planet, a future worth choosing. The vision of the GSP as expressed in the report revolves around choice, influence, participation and action, and calls for a political process "able to summon both the arguments and the political will necessary to act for a sustainable future.

"… Whether one agrees or not with the principles of political economics put forward by the UN, "activating" human agency and political will and addressing the root causes for power unbalance and resistance to change is at the heart of tomorrow's paradigm shift. The principles of the platform. The process consists in letting people/organizations: The ecosystem is composed of: The platform creates a context for the following: Six outils pour faire vivre les biens communs. Le concept de bien commun a pris une place importante dans le champ médiatique depuis l’attribution en 2009 du prix (de la Banque royale de Suède en sciences économiques en mémoire d’Alfred) Nobel à la politologue étasunienne Elinor Ostrom. Cette dernière a produit une oeuvre scientifique immense démontrant magistralement que de nombreux biens communs (des ressources naturelles et des ressources culturelles) peuvent être bien gérées localement par des communautés très diverses qui se fabriquent des normes ad hoc pour éviter l’effondrement de leurs ressources (autrement appelé « la tragédie des biens communs »).

Ostrom montre qu’il n’y a pas de recette toute faite, mais qu’il y a bien des principes de base récurrents [1]. C’est une véritable théorie de l’auto-organisation. Tentons d’entrer dans la matière à reculons. L’idée de faire une liste d’obstacles est venue bien tard, suite à de nombreuses discussions, ateliers, débats et conférences. Obstacle 1 : on ne les voit pas Notes. Commons In A Box. Common Good Forum.

Commons. Shared resources The commons is the cultural and natural resources accessible to all members of a society, including natural materials such as air, water, and a habitable Earth. These resources are held in common even when owned privately or publicly. Commons can also be understood as natural resources that groups of people (communities, user groups) manage for individual and collective benefit. Characteristically, this involves a variety of informal norms and values (social practice) employed for a governance mechanism.[1] Commons can also be defined as a social practice[2] of governing a resource not by state or market but by a community of users that self-governs the resource through institutions that it creates.[3] Definition and modern use[edit] The Digital Library of the Commons defines "commons" as "a general term for shared resources in which each stakeholder has an equal interest".[4] Type[edit] Environmental resource[edit] European land use[edit] Mongolian grasslands[edit]

Debategraph. <-- Outline view Paul Hawken describes the challenge of sustainability and activist movements that he sees converging into an unnamed and shapeless 'movement' in his book Blessed Unrest: " ... as yet there has been no coming together of organizations in a united front that can counter the massive scale and power of the global corporations and lobbyists that protect the status quo. ...The as yet undelivered promise of this movement is a network of organizations that offer solutions to disantangle what appear to be insoluble dilemmas: poverty, global climate change, terrorism, ecological degradation, polarization of income, loss of culture, and many more. The world seems to be looking for the big solution, which is itself part of the problem, since the most effective solutions are both local and systemic.

Although the groups in the movement are autonomous, the coming together of different organizations to address an array of issues can effectively become a systemic approach. Communicating the Commons. << Outline View >> Back to Bubble View This is a work in progress. For the past couple of years I have collated and curated the possibilities, concepts, alternatives that people striving for a 'better world' were working on and talking about in various social network groups dedicated to sustainability, commons, new economy.

Additions or changes are welcome here. The goal I thought of for the map is to make it easier: For change agents, activists, innovators, community & social entrepreneurs to recognize which spot or niche they occupy or wish to occupy within the possibility/action space so they can assert their position and adjust their action and discourse in relation to an overarching purpose and what is 'around' them. The map is definitely meant to be a learning tool. For the moment this is a curated map. A simple Pearl Tree is available here. Biens Communs -- Commons -- Bens comuns -- Bienes comunes. La présentation du Manifeste pour la Récupération des Biens Communs à l'occasion du FSM 2009 à Belém au Brésil, marque le point de départ d'une campagne de mobilisation pour la préservation, la reconquête et la création des Biens Communs.

Le but de cette campagne est de populariser la notion de Biens Communs en ouvrant un espace participatif de réflexion et de partage de toutes les initiatives concernant le futur des Biens Communs. Le manifeste est un point de départ. Chacun et chacune est cordialement invité à le commenter, à en faire la critique, et aussi à partager ses visions, ses idées et ses pratiques des biens communs. Il va sans dire que le Manifeste s'inspire et se relie avec de nombreux textes qui l'ont précédé depuis parfois de nombreuses années. Nous invitons chacune et chacun à signer le manifeste, à mettre en débat les idées qu'il présente et les faire circuler.

Les initiatives et les pratiques en rapport avec les biens communs sont nombreuses et très variées. Open Culture. Commons Abundance Network. Towards a Material Commons. Transcripted from the original audio by Jane Loes Lipton for Guerrilla Translation! Main image by Stacco TroncosoThis transcript is also available as a Spanish translation Can commons-oriented peer production be applied to material production?

Will activists and contributors to the commons always be forced to work within capitalist structures to subsist while investing their available free time in volunteer activities? How can we create socially-oriented companies without the start-up capital to fund them? In this fascinating conversation hosted by KMO from the C-Realm Podcast, Michel Bauwens, Dmytri Kleiner and John Restakis tackle these questions, and arrive at a series of proposals combining new models of social co-ops with commons-oriented peer production and systems for collective financing.

Michel Bauwens, John Restakis, Dmytri Kleiner Dmytri: Thank you, KMO. KMO: Say just a little bit more about yourself. Dmytri: I’m a member of the collective called Telekommunisten. Dmytri: Sure. Commons Abundance Network | Working together to bring the principles and practices of the commons to the world. Creative Commons.

Cooperation Commons | Le Sens du bien commun. The Public Domain Review | Online journal dedicated to showcasing the most interesting and unusual out-of-copyright works available on the web. The Wealth of the Commons. SavoirsCom1. Knowledge commons. Understanding Knowledge as a Commons. Economía del Bien Común. IASC-COMMONS | The leading professional association dedicated to the commons. Ming the Mechanic: Ten incredible things we get for free. Search for Common Ground International Conflict Transformation Resolution, Peacebuilding. David Bollier | news and perspectives on the commons. Global Innovation Commons | Discover... Connect... Contribute... Think Commons. IASC COMMONS (iasc_commons) G Innovation Commons (InnoCommons) L'Écomoneur | Économie politique des (biens) communs. La fin programmée de la civilisation du gâchis. Réflection faite. De quoi est fait notre avenir? Quel avenir pour notre civilisation? Dates d'puisement des ressources naturelles de notre planète.

Ressource non renouvelable. Share The World’s Resources - STWR. Shortage of Resources for Renewable Energy. Commodity Statistics and Information. Value Of The Public Domain. Cause commune. La redécouverte des biens communs. Le partage est légitime. Remix biens communs. Données personnelles : mais de quels droits veut-on encore nous priver ? | L'Écomoneur. Le Processus du Bien commun ! Ecologie sociale et pluralisme. KOKOPELLI. National Geographic Magazine - NGM.com. Association Kokopelli. Digital Library Of The Commons. International Journal of the Commons. World Water Council. The Free World Charter: Let's make everything free. Common_cause_report. Move Commons. On the Commons.

On the Commons (onthecommons) Common goods. On the Commons. Tomales Bay Institute: The Commons Rising (PDF) | fírgoa.