DNA makes RNA. DNA - The Double Helix. Replication/Transcription/Translation. Replication is the process in which a cell makes an exact copy of its own DNA (copy DNA -> DNA).
Replication occurs in the S-fase in preparation to cell division during which the genetic information for the synthesis of proteins is transfered from the mothercell to the daughtercell. Whether this cell division will eventually be a mitosis or a meiosis (more on differences), in either case during replication the entire DNA is copied in which the genetical code is encrypted as a sequence of nitrogenous bases. The protein synthesis occurs by means of transcrition (in the nucleus: production of RNA with nitrogenous bases that are complementary to one of the DNA strands; thus DNA -> RNA) and translation (in polyribosomes and the rough endoplasmatic reticulum both located in the cytoplasm: RNA codes -> specific chains of aminoacids, i.e. polypeptide, the precursors of proteins). One Wrong Letter. The twisting tale of DNA - Judith Hauck. Deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA, is a nucleic acid containing the genetic instructions used in the development and functioning of all known living organisms (with the exception of RNA viruses).
Which contains the biological instructions that make each species unique, along with the instructions it contains, is passed from adult organisms to their offspring during reproduction. National Human Genome Research Institute began as the National Center for Human Genome Research (NCHGR), which was established in 1989 to carry out the role of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the International Human Genome Project (HGP). The HGP was developed in collaboration with the United States Department of Energy and begun in 1990 to map the human genome.
Information in DNA is stored as a code made up of four chemical bases: adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T). Human DNA consists of about 3 billion bases, and more than 99 percent of those bases are the same in all people.