Scientific proof that stay-at-home mothers benefit children: So why coalition Budget tax break for working mothers? Coalition has chosen to give working mothers tax breaksChildren's minister Elizabeth Truss denies trying to force mothers to work By Bel Mooney Published: 23:01 GMT, 20 March 2013 | Updated: 10:46 GMT, 21 March 2013 This week we once again received the unequivocal message that the Government doesn't value stay-at-home mums. According to the Treasury, mothers who look after their children full-time do not need as much financial help as those who work. These insultingly warped priorities emerged as the Coalition declared its intention to give working mothers tax breaks worth thousands to cover the costs of paying someone else to look after their children. Families where only one parent works won't get a penny.
The message is loud and clear: mothers who go back to the workplace are valued more than those who do not. Scroll down for video The new Budget favours mothers who go to work over those who choose to care for their children full-time When will policymakers talk about mothering? Attachment section 6. Coates-571-601-post. Homemade fish fingers. CFOM. Attachment and Parenting Styles Influences on Adult Relationships - Applied Social Psychology. Humans are social beings and need to be with others and form relationships but our relationship behaviors do not "come naturally" and they need to be learned similar to other social skills (Schneider, Gruman & Coutts, 2005, p.77).
Many psychologists argue that the kind of relationships infants have with their primary caregivers is the blueprint for the later life relationships (Schneider, Gruman & Coutts, 2005). Behaviors in adult relationships' are influenced by the kinds of relationships and attachments they have experienced in their early years with their primary caregivers. This is the basic perspective of the theory of attachment styles that claims that the kind of bonds we form early in life influence the kinds of relationships we form as adults (Aronson, Wilson, & Akert, 2011).
As stated above early attachment is influential on one's life and children's attachment styles develop from a combination of biological influences and social learning (Schneider, Gruman & Coutts, 2005). Attachment and Parenting Styles Influences on Adult Relationships - Applied Social Psychology. EMOTION REGULATION: INFLUENCES OF ATTACHMENT RELATIONSHIPS - Cassidy - 2008 - Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development.
Parental 'Affectionless Control' as an Antecedent to Adult Depression: A Risk Factor Delineated. KiernanHuertaBJSL59. Attachment Disorders & Reactive Attachment Disorder: Symptoms, Treatment & Hope for Children with Insecure Attachment. Attachment Disorders & Reactive Attachment Disorder: Symptoms, Treatment & Hope for Children with Insecure Attachment. Fccc_protocol. Key Person & Attachment » Early Years Matters - For everything that matters in early years. Children thrive from a base of loving and secure relationships. This is normally provided by a child’s parents but it can also be provided by a key person. A key person is a named member of staff with responsibilities for a small group of children who helps those children in the group feel safe and cared for.
The role is an important one and an approach set out in the EYFS which is working successfully in settings and in Reception classes. It involves the key person in responding sensitively to children’s feelings and behaviours and meeting emotional needs by giving reassurance, such as when they are new to a setting or class, and supporting the child’s well-being. The key person supports physical needs too, helping with issues like nappy changing, toileting and dressing. That person is a familiar figure who is accessible and available as a point of contact for parents and one who builds relationships with the child and parents or carers. Continue Reading... Continue Reading... Key Person & Attachment » Early Years Matters - For everything that matters in early years. Attachment Theory and the Key Person Approach. Introduction It is widely agreed among psychoanalysts that a bond between an infant and an adult who is special to them is central to a child's well-being.
This is known as Attachment Theory. The concept was explored in depth by John Bowlby in his ‘Maternal Deprivation Hypothesis' from the 1940s to the 1970s, in which he claimed that an early attachment to the mother was vital for a child's emotional stability. This was expanded by Mary Ainsworth and her observations of toddlers left in an unfamiliar room with a stranger, known as the ‘Strange Situation' study. Faults in both studies have been highlighted and unravelled by subsequent psychoanalysts, and Attachment Theory has been buffeted by changing social expectations. More recently, Elinor Goldschmied and others have pioneered the Key Person Approach, which advocates the forming of special relationships between adults and children in the nursery setting. A Closer Look at Attachment Theory The Phases of Attachment Building an Attachment.
The two faces of oxytocin. If hormones could win popularity contests, oxytocin might well be queen of the day. Given oxytocin's connection to such life-affirming activities as maternal behavior, lactation, selective social bonding and sexual pleasure, researchers have been working overtime to uncover its role in the brain and in regulating behavior. Oxytocin is produced mainly in the hypothalamus, where it is either released into the blood via the pituitary gland, or to other parts of the brain and spinal cord, where it binds to oxytocin receptors to influence behavior and physiology. The excitement over the hormone began in the 1990s when researchers discovered that breastfeeding women are calmer in the face of exercise and psychosocial stress than bottle-feeding mothers.
But more recent research has shown other roles for the hormone, too: Oxytocin levels are high under stressful conditions, such as social isolation and unhappy relationships. Its role in affiliation... ...and under social stress. Stress in Infancy. What causes stress during infancy? Laboratory and psychology research on animal and human infants gives us many clues. Certainly, pain from unfortunate medical conditions can create stress. So would pain from sensitivity reactions to formula or to foods passed along in breastmilk. Physical abuse and extreme neglect provide a very high degree of stress, but the effects of these severe cases are not the point of this text.
Even short-term separation from mother leads to elevated cortisol in infants, indicating stress.1,2 In fact, after one full day of separation, infant rats already show altered brain organization of chemical receptors.3 A similar rat study revealed that one day without mother actually doubled the number of normal brain cell deaths.4 Animal findings demonstrate that isolation from mother, decreased skin stimulation, and withholding of breastmilk have biochemical and permanent brain consequences.
Cortisol and Stress Results of Infant Stress Beginnings Bonding Matters. Family under the microscope. I am acutely aware that those readers who have placed their under-threes in daycare (group care in nurseries) will not find this column easy reading, so let me make two important provisos. Nothing you are about to read is in any way critical of working mothers. I am strongly in favour of those who wish to, as long as the substitute care is adequate. It should never be forgotten that all the problems I am about to describe are just as common among children raised at home by depressed mothers: so long as the substitute care is good, it's much better for her child that a mother works than gets depressed at home.
Second, as far as we know, most children in daycare do not suffer ill-effects. The story starts with cortisol, the hormone we secrete when faced with threat, leading to "fight or flight". When at home, under-threes' cortisol levels usually drop during the course of the day, but in daycare, nine studies show that they rise. The effect appears to be lasting. EARLY MATERNAL DEPRIVATION AND LATER PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS - EARLE - 2010 - American Journal of Orthopsychiatry. Working_better_childcare_matters. Maternal deprivation. Mother and child The term maternal deprivation is a catch-phrase summarising the early work of psychiatrist and psychoanalyst, John Bowlby on the effects of separating infants and young children from their mother (or mother substitute)[1] although the effect of loss of the mother on the developing child had been considered earlier by Freud and other theorists.
Bowlby's work on delinquent and affectionless children and the effects of hospital and institutional care lead to his being commissioned to write the World Health Organisation's report on the mental health of homeless children in post-war Europe whilst he was head of the Department for Children and Parents at the Tavistock Clinic in London after World War II.[2] The result was the monograph Maternal Care and Mental Health published in 1951, which sets out the maternal deprivation hypothesis.[3] History[edit] Sister Irene at her New York Foundling Hospital in the 1890s Maternal Care and Mental Health[edit] Residential nursery. 81to95. EFFECTS OF THE LACK OF ATTACHMENT. Instability or disruption in relationships in the care system may give infants or children major problems in their ability to trust and therefore attach to parents or caregivers.
The specific kinds of problems that are frequently shown by children who have experienced faulty attachments to their parents are as follows: Conscience Development 1. May not show normal anxiety following aggressive or cruel behavior 2. May not show guilt when breaking rules or laws 3. Impulse Control 1. 2. 3. Self-Concept 1. 2. 3. 4. Inter-personal Interactions 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Emotions 1. 2. 3. Cognitive Problems 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Developmental Problems 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Unattached children have difficulty relating normally with others. It is most difficult for the unattached child to grow socially.
Because these children do not trust others, many of the kinds of behaviors seen in such children are aimed at keeping people at a distance. Poor Eye Contact Withdrawal A further kind of withdrawal resembles fear.