Article 6. Developed method is considered as the “Holy Grail of a sustainable hydrogen economy.”
Photo credit: University of Colorado Researchers at the University of Colorado Boulder have developed a solar-thermal system which uses sunlight to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, allowing the hydrogen to be used for clean fuel. The solar-thermal system developed utilizes vast arrays of mirrors onto a single point atop a central tower which stands several hundred feet tall. The heat generated by the mirrors, which can reach – 1,350 degrees Celsius – is then delivered into a reactor containing chemical compounds known as metal oxides. When the chemical compound heats up, it releases oxygen atoms, changing its material composition and causing the newly formed compound to seek out new oxygen atoms.
“We have designed something there that is very different from other methods and frankly something that nobody thought was possible before. Article 7. 08.01.14 - By replacing platinum with molybdenum in photoelectrochemical cells, scientists from two EPFL labs have developed a cheaper and scalable technique that can greatly improve hydrogen production through water splitting as a means of storing solar energy.
Solar energy appears to be the only form of renewable that can be exploited at level that matches the world’s growing needs. However, it is equally necessary to find efficient ways to store solar energy in order to ensure a consistent energy supply when sunlight is scarce. One of the most efficient ways to achieve this is to use solar energy to split water into hydrogen and oxygen, and get the energy back by consuming hydrogen in a fuel cell. Publishing in Nature Communications, scientists from two labs at EPFL have found a method to create a high-efficiency, scalable solar water splitting device using cheap materials. Renewable Energy, forms of renewable energy. There are many forms of renewable energy .
Most of these renewable energies depend in one way or another on sunlight. Wind and hydroelectric power are the direct result of differential heating of the Earth's surface which leads to air moving about (wind) and precipitation forming as the air is lifted. Article 6. Article 7. The sun—that power plant in the sky—bathes Earth in ample energy to fulfill all the world's power needs many times over.
It doesn't give off carbon dioxide emissions. It won't run out. And it's free. So how on Earth can people turn this bounty of sunbeams into useful electricity? The sun's light (and all light) contains energy. Old-school solar technology uses large crystals made out of silicon, which produces an electrical current when struck by light. Newer materials use smaller, cheaper crystals, such as copper-indium-gallium-selenide, that can be shaped into flexible films. Right now, solar energy only accounts for a tiny portion of the U.S.' In order to have a hope of replacing fossil fuels, scientists need to develop materials that can be easily mass-produced and convert enough sunlight to electricity to be worth the investment.
Water is split when light energy is absorbed. Origins of the Universe, Big Bang Theory Information, Big Bang Facts, News, Photos. The most popular theory of our universe's origin centers on a cosmic cataclysm unmatched in all of history—the big bang. This theory was born of the observation that other galaxies are moving away from our own at great speed, in all directions, as if they had all been propelled by an ancient explosive force.
Before the big bang, scientists believe, the entire vastness of the observable universe, including all of its matter and radiation, was compressed into a hot, dense mass just a few millimeters across. This nearly incomprehensible state is theorized to have existed for just a fraction of the first second of time. Big bang proponents suggest that some 10 billion to 20 billion years ago, a massive blast allowed all the universe's known matter and energy—even space and time themselves—to spring from some ancient and unknown type of energy. Scientists can't be sure exactly how the universe evolved after the big bang. Solar System, Solar System Information. Our Cosmic Neighborhood From our small world we have gazed upon the cosmic ocean for thousands of years.
Ancient astronomers observed points of light that appeared to move among the stars. They called these objects "planets," meaning wanderers, and named them after Roman deities—Jupiter, king of the gods; Mars, the god of war; Mercury, messenger of the gods; Venus, the goddes of love and beauty, and Saturn, father of Jupiter and god of agriculture. The stargazers also observed comets with sparkling tails, and meteors or shooting stars apparently falling from the sky. Since the invention of the telescope, three more planets have been discovered in our solar system: Uranus (1781), Neptune (1846), and, now downgraded to a dwarf planet, Pluto (1930).
The four planets closest to the sun—Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars—are called the terrestrial planets because they have solid rocky surfaces. Article 5. 1.3 Water splitting routes using solar energy The choice of water as a raw material to produce hydrogen using sun light gives the impression of an ideal novel approach to supply clean energy.
A variety of approaches have been studied to achieve this important goal including indirect or direct approach. There are four basic pathways for producing hydrogen by water splitting using solar energy:1 1.3.1 Electrochemical This is a method of hydrogen production by electrolyzing water using D.C. electricity. This method uses an electrolysis cell to produce hydrogen and oxygen from water. In this method the solar energy is first converted to D.C. electric power by different means and then to hydrogen through electrolysis. 1.3.2 Thermochemical Thermochemical approach is based on the use of concentrated solar radiation as high-temperature process heat for driving an endothermic chemical transformation.
Cognitive Function Article, Neuroscience Information, Mapping Brain Facts. The ancient Egyptians thought so little of brain matter they made a practice of scooping it out through the nose of a dead leader before packing the skull with cloth before burial.
They believed consciousness resided in the heart, a view shared by Aristotle and a legacy of medieval thinkers. Even when consensus for the locus of thought moved northward into the head, it was not the brain that was believed to be the sine qua non, but the empty spaces within it, called ventricles, where ephemeral spirits swirled about.