Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge - TPCK. Developing Course Objectives. Developing Course Objectives Objectives describe what learners will be able to do at the end of instruction, and they provide clear reasons for teaching. When writing objectives be sure to describe the intended result of instruction rather than the process of instruction itself. Reasons for Objectives Components of an Objective Kinds of Objectives Difference Between Goals and Objectives Building Objectives Action Verbs for Objectives Adapted from Understanding Objectives , San Diego State University Reasons for objectives: Clearly defined learning objectives are useful for instructors, instructional designers and students: In order to select and design instructional content, materials or methods and have a sound basis by which success can be measured.
Components of an objective: When writing learning objectives, avoid terms that cannot be clearly understood by the reader. A useful objective successfully describes an intended instructional result by describing the purpose of the instruction. Sharing Information Corrupts Wisdom of Crowds | Wired Science. When people can learn what others think, the wisdom of crowds may veer towards ignorance. In a new study of crowd wisdom — the statistical phenomenon by which individual biases cancel each other out, distilling hundreds or thousands of individual guesses into uncannily accurate average answers — researchers told test participants about their peers’ guesses. As a result, their group insight went awry. “Although groups are initially ‘wise,’ knowledge about estimates of others narrows the diversity of opinions to such an extent that it undermines” collective wisdom, wrote researchers led by mathematician Jan Lorenz and sociologist Heiko Rahut of Switzerland’s ETH Zurich, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences on May 16.
“Even mild social influence can undermine the wisdom of crowd effect.” Study participants were asked how many murders occurred in Switzerland in 2006. As Surowiecki explained, certain conditions must be met for crowd wisdom to emerge. See Also: Instructional Development Timeline. The Instructional Development Timeline site offers information and links of key events, people, and developments that relate to Instructional Technology, Development, Theory, Systems, and Design.
Use the tabs at the top for each decade to find information and links to websites about leading theorists, specific events or research, and historical implications for education. Why did we create this site? We created this site after many of the graduate students in teacher education and leadership programs contacted us for research and studies about learning theories and curriculum design.
Who are the authors? The My eCoach team, Charlotte McGovern and Barbara Bray, designed the site in 2007 and are continually updating the resources based on feedback from readers. Both Charlotte and Barbara have over 40 years of educational experience and expertise. Go to Credits for citations. After you have checked out the timeline, you are invited to take our user survey to provide us input using comments.