Cooperative Grouping | Researched-Based Strategies. Related Classroom Examples Guiding Cooperation Teacher turns to technology to guide cooperative learning in a blended fourth-fifth science class. Collaborative Writing Middle school students polish skills for writing, reflection, and collaboration. Cooperative Grouping Cooperative learning is actually a generic term that refers to numerous methods for grouping students. Students understand that their membership in a learning group means that they either succeed or fail—together. Key Research Findings Organizing students in heterogeneous cooperative learning groups at least once a week has a significant effect on learning (Marzano, Pickering, & Pollock, 2001).
Implementation Grouping students to work collaboratively and cooperatively offers benefits for learners. Create the right type of group for the need. Additional Resources. The Literature Review: A Few Tips On Conducting It. Printable PDF Version Fair-Use Policy What is a review of the literature? A literature review is an account of what has been published on a topic by accredited scholars and researchers. Occasionally you will be asked to write one as a separate assignment (sometimes in the form of an annotated bibliography—see the bottom of the next page), but more often it is part of the introduction to an essay, research report, or thesis. In writing the literature review, your purpose is to convey to your reader what knowledge and ideas have been established on a topic, and what their strengths and weaknesses are. As a piece of writing, the literature review must be defined by a guiding concept (e.g., your research objective, the problem or issue you are discussing, or your argumentative thesis).
It is not just a descriptive list of the material available, or a set of summaries Besides enlarging your knowledge about the topic, writing a literature review lets you gain and demonstrate skills in two areas. Clements_CRF.pdf. PCM Support Materials. Parallel Curriculum Model (PCM) Support Materials and Distance Learning Opportunity The National Association for Gifted Children is pleased to offer support materials for the Parallel Curriculum Model (PCM).
It is our hope that these support materials will provide interested educators with an opportunity to participate in a distance learning initiative about the PCM. What is the PCM? The Parallel Curriculum Model is an integrated framework and set of procedures for designing rigorous and highly motivating curriculum that attends to important student differences. About these support materials This web page is a collaborative effort between the National Association for Gifted Children and Project CONN-CEPT, a Javits Grant awarded to the Connecticut State Department of Education and Cheshire (CT) Public Schools. Looking for more information about PCM? Check out the following NAGC Service Publications: What Is Differentiated Instruction? Click the "References" link above to hide these references. Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1997). Finding Flow: The Psychology of Engagement with Everyday Life. New York: Basic Books. Danielson, C. (1996).
Enhancing Professional Practice: A Framework for Teaching. Sternberg, R. Tomlinson, C. (1995). Tomlinson, C. (1999). Vygotsky, L. (1986). Winebrenner, S. (1992). App-Tool-Grids-21st-century.jpg (1024×768)