background preloader

Genetics 1

Facebook Twitter

Genetics Alien Project, landscape. Epigenetic changes discovered in major psychosis. Scientists have discovered epigenetic changes (i.e. chemical changes to a gene that do not alter the DNA sequence) in individuals with schizophrenia and bipolar disorder.

Epigenetic changes discovered in major psychosis

Butter Flavoring Ingredient in Microwave Popcorn, Thought Safe for Food Industry Workers, Is a Respiratory Hazard. Printer friendly version Share 13 August 2012 Elsevier New Findings Reported in The American Journal of Pathology The ingredient 2,3-pentanedione (PD), used to impart the flavor and aroma of butter in microwave popcorn, is a respiratory hazard that can also alter gene expression in the brain of rats.

Butter Flavoring Ingredient in Microwave Popcorn, Thought Safe for Food Industry Workers, Is a Respiratory Hazard

Manufacturers started using PD when another butter flavoring, diacetyl, was found to cause bronchiolitis obliterans, a life-threatening and nonreversible lung disease in workers who inhaled the substance. The Ghost In Your Genes. Salk Scientists discover "hidden" code in DNA evolves more rapidly than genetic code.

LA JOLLA, CA—A "hidden" code linked to the DNA of plants allows them to develop and pass down new biological traits far more rapidly than previously thought, according to the findings of a groundbreaking study by researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies.

Salk Scientists discover "hidden" code in DNA evolves more rapidly than genetic code

The study, published today in the journal Science, provides the first evidence that an organism's "epigenetic" code - an extra layer of biochemical instructions in DNA - can evolve more quickly than the genetic code and can strongly influence biological traits. While the study was limited to a single plant species called Arabidopsis thaliana, the equivalent of the laboratory rat of the plant world, the findings hint that the traits of other organisms, including humans, might also be dramatically influenced by biological mechanisms that scientists are just beginning to understand.

Epigenomics. Epigenetics Explained [Animation] Epigenetics. We investigate the different components of the epigenetic regulation of synovial fibroblasts.

Epigenetics

In rheumatoid arthritis, these cells play a major role in the destructive process, showing spontaneous expression of matrix degrading enzymes. They destroy cartilage and bone without support of cells of the immune system. Nuclear pore complexes harbor new class of gene regulators. Nuclear pore complexes are best known as the communication channels that regulate the passage of all molecules to and from a cell's nucleus.

Nuclear pore complexes harbor new class of gene regulators

Researchers at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies, however, have shown that some of the pores' constituent proteins, called nucleoporins, pull double duty as transcription factors regulating the activity of genes active during early development. Huntington’s gene mutation carriers: Learning faster with neurodegenerative disease. Printer friendly version Share 14 September 2012 Ruhr-Universitaet-Bochum Learning faster with neurodegenerative disease RUB researchers examine Huntington’s gene mutation carriers.

Huntington’s gene mutation carriers: Learning faster with neurodegenerative disease

Genetic errors identified in 12 major cancer types. Examining 12 major types of cancer, scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in St.

Genetic errors identified in 12 major cancer types

Louis have identified 127 repeatedly mutated genes that appear to drive the development and progression of a range of tumors in the body. The discovery sets the stage for devising new diagnostic tools and more personalized cancer treatments. The research, published Oct. 17 in Nature, shows that some of the same genes commonly mutated in certain cancers also occur in seemingly unrelated tumors. 'Moonlighting' Molecules Discovered; Researchers Uncover New Kink In Gene Control. Since the completion of the human genome sequence, a question has baffled researchers studying gene control: How is it that humans, being far more complex than the lowly yeast, do not proportionally contain in our genome significantly more gene-control proteins?

'Moonlighting' Molecules Discovered; Researchers Uncover New Kink In Gene Control

Now, a collaborative effort at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine to examine protein-DNA interactions across the whole genome has uncovered more than 300 proteins that appear to control genes, a newly discovered function for all of these proteins previously known to play other roles in cells. The results, which appear in the October 30 issue of Cell, provide a partial explanation for human complexity over yeast but also throw a curve ball in what we previously understood about protein functions. The team set out to figure out which proteins encoded by the genome bind to which DNA sequences. One at a time, the team tested each of the 460 DNA sequences against the 4,200 protein-containing chip. Comparison of Meiosis and Mitosis (Quiz 1) GeneEd - Genetics, Education, Discovery. Pedigree Quests - Genetics. Drag-and-Drop Pedigree 1: Tongue Rolling. The Blood Typing Game.

Geneticplasticeggs. Practicing Punnett Squares. Genetics Practice Problems. Genetics Practice Problems.

Genetics Practice Problems

Genetic map. Flashcards for Basic Principles of Genetics: Stack 2. Flashcards for Basic Principles of Genetics: Stack 1. Genetics extra credit. Understanding Genetics: Human Health and the Genome. Virtual blood typing lab. Ghost in Your Genes. Detective Punnett Square: connecting families by genetics. Genetic Disorders. Sickle Cell DNA. Drag-and-Drop Genetics: Monohybrid. Genetics Animations. Kentucky Blues. Acquired traits can be inherited via small RNAs. Columbia University Medical Center (CUMC) researchers have found the first direct evidence that an acquired trait can be inherited without any DNA involvement.

Acquired traits can be inherited via small RNAs

The findings suggest that Lamarck, whose theory of evolution was eclipsed by Darwin's, may not have been entirely wrong. The study is slated to appear in the Dec. 9 issue of Cell. "In our study, roundworms that developed resistance to a virus were able to pass along that immunity to their progeny for many consecutive generations," reported lead author Oded Rechavi, PhD, associate research scientist in biochemistry and molecular biophysics at CUMC. Color Blind Chart. Pattern baldness in men is a sex-influenced trait. It is not an X-linked trait like color blindness and hemophilia.

Baldness is an autosomal trait and is apparently influenced by sex hormones after people reach 30 years of age or older. This condition is inherited as a simple Mendelian trait, although the biochemical mechanism is complex. There are other causes for baldness not related to simple Mendelian genetics, such as illness, severe stress, and pulling one's hair out by the roots. In men the gene is dominant, while in women it is recessive. Quick Trait Calculator - Genetic Heredity Calculator. Note These calculators use simplified models to calculate traits and their certainty is far from 100% due to the fact that human genetics is far more complex than a simple mendelian dominant/recessive model.

Personal Report and Heredity Report give better results, providing that you had your genome sequenced by a commercial personal genomics companies like 23andMe, deCODEMe or Family Tree DNA. In any case, these reports do not substitute for clinical tests, genetic counseling or paternity/maternity tests. 100 Years of Breed “Improvement” For the sake of honest disclosure, I will admit to owning “purebreds” (the ‘pureness’ of purebreeds is a discussion for another time) but I also have mutts. All the dogs I’ve had since childhood had a few things in common, they were friendly, prey driven, ball-crazy, intense, motivated, athletic (crazy dogs are easier to train) and none had intentionally bred defects.

I would never buy/adopt a dog whose breed characteristics exacted a health burden. (Asher 2009). That just incentivizes people to breed more of these intentionally unhealthy animals. The dogs on the left are from the 1915 book, ‘Breeds of All Nations‘ by W.E. It seems incredible that at one time the Bull Terrier was a handsome, athletic dog. The Basset Hound has gotten lower, has suffered changes to its rear leg structure, has excessive skin, vertebra problems, droopy eyes prone to entropion and ectropion and excessively large ears. A shorter face means a host of problems. Once a noble working dog, the modern St. Extraordinary Adaptation. Chpt 3 One Wrong Letter. Extinct frog hops back into the gene pool. What human faces might look like in 100,000 years. Detective Punnett Square: connecting families by genetics. Rediscovering Biology - Case Studies: Designing Cancer Drugs. Rediscovering Biology - Case Studies: The Genetics of Resistance to HIV Infection.

Interactives

Famous names. Introduction to Genetics. Introduction To Heredity. Gene Therapy in Sports: Gene Doping. The Biology Project: Human Biology. DNA Extraction from Wheat Germ. A Brief Introduction to Genetics. Genetics Practice Problems. Rediscovering Biology - Case Studies: Designing Cancer Drugs. A Question of Genes: Program Overview. ApGeneticsProblems2foglia. Epigenetics. Epigenetics PBS air date: July 24, 2007. The Ductile Helix: "Jumping Genes" May Influence Brain Activity. Mobile DNA molecules that jump from one location in the genome to another may contribute to neurological diseases and could have subtle influences on normal brain function and behavior, according to a study published October 30 in Nature. (Scientific American is part of Nature Publishing Group.) Retrotransposons are mobile genetic elements that use a copy-and-paste mechanism to insert extra copies of themselves throughout the genome. First discovered in plants about 60 years ago, they are now known to make up more than 40 percent of the entire human genome and may play an important role in genome evolution (pdf).

The Illustrated Guide to Epigenetics. Acquired traits can be inherited via small RNAs. Drosophila. Understanding Genetics. People with blue eyes have common ancestor. 18 Things You Should Know About Genetics. YourGenome.org. Genetics Home Reference - Your guide to understanding genetic conditions.

Kentucky Blues. SickleCell_Genetics_Student. Danny Hillis: Understanding cancer through proteomics. Color Blind Chart.