Arabidopsis thaliana. Arabidopsis thaliana (/ərˌæbɨˈdɒpsɪsˌθɑːliˈɑːnə/ thale cress, mouse-ear cress or arabidopsis) is a small flowering plant native to Eurasia.[1][2][3][4] A winter annual with a relatively short life cycle, Arabidopsis is a popular model organism in plant biology and genetics. For a complex multicellular eukaryote, Arabidopsis thaliana has a relatively small genome of approximately 135 megabase pairs (Mbp).[5] It was long thought to have the smallest genome of all flowering plants,[6] but the smallest known flowering plants' genomes now belong to plants in the genus Genlisea, order Lamiales, with Genlisea margaretae, a carnivorous plant, showing a genome size of 63.4 Mbp.[7] Arabidopsis thaliana was the first plant to have its genome sequenced, and is a popular tool for understanding the molecular biology of many plant traits, including flower development and light sensing. Discovery and name origin[edit] Habitat, morphology, and life cycle[edit] Distribution[edit] Research[edit]
Coronopus. Coronopus is a genus of plants in the mustard family known commonly as swinecress or wartcress. These are generally low spreading plants with many long stems and deeply lobed leaves and small white or purple flowers. They often have an offensive scent. They are native to the Mediterranean and were introduced in parts of South and North America, but some species are widespread weedy introduced plants in other areas. Species include: Coronopus didymus - lesser swineweedCoronopus squamatus - greater swineweed.
Cress. Cress may refer to: Plants[edit] Plants cultivated for their edible leaves: Garden cress, a leafy vegetableland cress, a biennial herbwatercress, a perennial Other plants not usually cultivated or consumed: People[edit] Surname[edit] Frances Cress Welsing (born 1935), African American psychiatristFred Cress (1938–2009), Australian artistPaul H. Given name[edit] Cress Williams (born 1968), African American film and television actor Other[edit] CRESS: Centre for Research in Social Simulation, funded by Nigel GilbertCress, the name of the fictional Moon Kingdom in the 1997 platform game Klonoa: Door to Phantomile for the PS1 system. Cardamine bulbosa. Barbarea verna. Land cress (Barbarea verna), also known as American cress, bank cress, black wood cress, Belle Isle cress, Bermuda cress, early yellowrocket, early wintercress, scurvy cress, creasy greens, and upland cress, is a biennial herb in the family Brassicaceae.
It is native to southwestern Europe, but is also cultivated in Florida. As it requires less water than watercress, it is easier to cultivate. Land cress has been cultivated as a leaf vegetable in England since the 17th century. Land cress is considered a satisfactory substitute for watercress. It can be used in sandwiches, or salads, or cooked like spinach, or used in soup and fish. Land cress can be grown easily in any garden. Synonyms include Barbarea praecox and Lepidum nativum. Whitetop. Lepidium draba (whitetop or hoary cress) is native to western Asia and eastern Europe and is an invasive species in North America, introduced by contaminated seeds in the early 1900s. Whitetop Whitetop is a perennial herb that reproduces by seeds and by horizontal creeping roots. The stem is stoutish, erect or spreading, 10 to 80 cm tall, branched, covered sparsely with ash-colored soft hairs to heavily covered. The leaves are alternating, simple, and mostly toothed. The basal leaves are 4 to 10 cm, have a slight stem (petiole), and are long and flat, lance-shaped to egg-shaped, with the narrow end attached to the stalk.
On the upper part of the stem the leaves are attached directly to the stalk (sessile), are 2 to 6.5 cm long, and are oblong or tapering the point, with broad bases that clasp the stalk. Distribution in United States[edit] References[edit] Agriculture Research Service (1970) "Cardaria draba (L.) External links[edit] Garden cress. This annual plant can reach a height of 60 cm (~24 inches), with many branches on the upper part. The white to pinkish flowers are only 2 mm (1/12 of an inch) across, clustered in branched racemes.[3][4] Garden cress in agriculture[edit] Garden cress is commercially grown in England, France, the Netherlands and Scandinavia.[5] Cultivation of garden cress is practical on both mass scales and on the individual scale.
Edible shoots are typically harvested in one to two weeks after planting, when they are 5–13 cm (2 - 5 inches) tall.[6] Cress in cookery[edit] Garden cress can grow almost anywhere. Other uses[edit] Garden cress, known as chandrashoor, and the seeds, known as halloon[7] in India, are commonly used in the system of Ayurveda to prevent postnatal complications.
Cress may be given to budgerigars.[11] The seeds are employed as poultice for removing pain, swelling etc. Some[who?] References[edit] Jump up ^ Cassidy, Frederic Gomes and Hall, Joan Houston. External links[edit] Leavenworthia stylosa. Leavenworthia stylosa is a species of flowering plant in the mustard family known by the common names Cedar Gladecress or Long-styled Gladecress. It is found only in the Central Basin of Tennessee, where it grows in cedar glades, ditches, and low-lying fields.[2] L. stylosa typically blooms from March to May.[2][3] The flowers are about 1 inch wide and are white or yellow in color with a yellow center. The tips of the petals are notched. Yellow varieties are found more commonly north of Nashville, while white varieties are found more commonly south.[2] Yellow variation Jump up ^ "Leavenworthia stylosa".
Cardamine hirsuta. This plant grows best in damp, recently disturbed soil. These conditions are prevalent in nursery or garden centre plants, and hairy bittercress seeds may be introduced with those plants. Once established, particularly in lawn areas, it is difficult to eradicate. The tiny flowers are attractive to a few early butterflies, including (in the United States) spring azure (Celastrina ladon) and falcate orange-tip (Anthocharis midea). Description[edit] This species grows to no more than 30 centimetres (12 in).[2] It is an annual plant and very similar to Cardamine flexuosa.
The stems are hairless and the leaves do not clasp the stems, as in C.flexuosa. Names[edit] Other common or country names include lamb's cress, land cress, hoary bitter cress, spring cress, flick weed, and shot weed (or lambscress, landcress, hoary bittercress, springcress, flickweed, and shotweed). References[edit] Jump up ^ Dennis Horn, David Duhl, Thomas Ellsworth Hemmerly & Tavia Cathcart (2005). External links[edit] Arabis alpina. A. alpina is believed to have originated in Asia Minor about 2 million years ago. From there it migrated twice into East Africa (500,000 years ago) where it grows today on the high East African mountains in the ericaceous belt.
Another migration route led A. alpina into Europe which was then colonised periglacially. In genetic terms, the highest diversity is found in Asia Minor. In central and northern Europe, A. alpina seems to be genetically quite uniform .[1] There is growing interest to develop Arabis alpina as a model organism for genetics, population genetics, and molecular biology. A. alpina subsp. caucasica 'Flore Pleno' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.[2] References[edit] External links[edit]
Watercress. The hollow stems of watercress are floating, and the leaves are pinnately compound. Small, white and green flowers are produced in clusters. Taxonomy[edit] Nasturtium nasturtium-aquaticum (nomenclaturally invalid) and Sisymbrium nasturtium-aquaticum L. are synonyms of N. officinale. Watercress is also listed in some sources as belonging to the genus Rorippa, although molecular evidence shows the aquatic species with hollow stems are more closely related to Cardamine than Rorippa.[1] Despite the Latin name, watercress is not closely related to the flowers popularly known as nasturtiums (Tropaeolum majus). Cultivation[edit] Cultivation of watercress is practical on both a large-scale and a garden-scale. Being semi-aquatic, watercress is well-suited to hydroponic cultivation, thriving best in water that is slightly alkaline.
Watercress can be sold in supermarkets in sealed plastic bags, containing a little moisture and lightly pressurised to prevent crushing of contents. Distribution[edit] Rockcress. Rockcress is a common name used for several similar genera of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae: Arabis, with primarily Old World speciesArabidopsis, with primarily European speciesBoechera, with primarily North American species. Lepidium. Lepidium is a genus of plants in the mustard family, Brassicaceae.
The genus is widely distributed in the Americas, Africa, Asia, Europe, and Australia.[1] It includes familiar species such as garden cress, maca, and dittander. General common names include peppercress, peppergrass, and pepperwort. Some species form tumbleweeds.[2] Diversity[edit] There are about 175[3] to 220[1] species in the genus. Species include: Notes[edit] References[edit] Everitt, J.H.; Lonard, R.L.; Little, C.R. (2007). External links[edit] "Inland Lepidium recovery plan 2000-2010" (PDF).
Rorippa. Rorippa is a flowering plant genus in the mustard family, Brassicaceae, native to Europe through central Asia, Africa, and North America. Rorippa species are annual to perennial herbs, usually with yellow flowers and a peppery flavour. They are known commonly as yellowcresses. There are about 75[1] to 85[2][3] species in the genus. Species include:[1][4][5][6][7] Rorippa alpina (S.Wats.) References[edit] External links[edit] Brassicaceae: APG II. Barbarea. Barbarea (winter cress or yellow rocket) is a genus of about 22 species of flowering plants in the family Brassicaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with the highest species diversity in southern Europe and southwest Asia.
They are small herbaceous biennial or perennial plants with dark green, deeply lobed leaves and yellow flowers with four petals. Selected species[edit] Uses[edit] They grow quickly into dandelion-like rosettes of edible, cress-like foliage. B. verna, also known as upland cress, early winter cress, American cress, Belle Isle cress and scurvy grass, is used in salads or to add a nippy taste to mixed greens for cooking. Chemical compounds[edit] Winter cress contains different glucosinolates, flavonoids and saponins.[1][2][3] References[edit] External links[edit]