(6) Promoting Transfer through Complex Systems Principles | Rob Goldstone. One way to advance science is to progressively flesh out theories, adding experi-mental details and elaborating mechanistic accounts. By this account, “the devil isin the details,” and the proper occupation of scientists is to pursue these details.This vision of science was most emphatically painted by John Horgan in his 1996book The End of Science . He argued that the age of fundamental scientific theoriz-inganddiscoveries has passed,andthatallthatis lefttobedoneis torefinethede-tails of theories already laid down by the likes of Einstein, Darwin, and Newton.TherapidrateofscientificspecializationseemstosupportHorgan’sargument.Wehave gone from an era when the only major scientific journals were Nature and Science toanerawithspecializedjournalssuchasthe JournalofContaminantHy-drology and the Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery , each an umbrella outletfor several distinct subspecializations.
Metabolic pathway. A metabolic pathway involves the step-by-step modification of an initial molecule to form another product. The resulting product can be used in one of three ways: To be used immediately,To initiate another metabolic pathway, called a flux generating stepTo be stored by the cell Overview[edit] Glycolysis was the first metabolic pathway discovered:As glucose enters a cell, it is immediately phosphorylated by ATP to glucose 6-phosphate in the irreversible first step.In times of excess lipid or protein energy sources, certain reactions in the glycolysis pathway may run in reverse in order to produce glucose 6-phosphate which is then used for storage as glycogen or starch.
[edit] Cellular respiration[edit] Several distinct but linked metabolic pathways are used by cells to transfer the energy released by breakdown of fuel molecules into ATP and other small molecules used for energy (e.g. These pathways occur within all living organisms in some form: Photosynthesis (plants, algae, cyanobacteria) Anticipation and the Non-linear Dynamics of Meaning-Processing in Social Systems. Return Anticipation and the Non-linear Dynamics of Meaning-Processing in Social Systems Paper to be presented at the World Congress of Sociology, Durban, July 2006 Loet Leydesdorff Amsterdam School of Communications Research (ASCoR), University of Amsterdam, Kloveniersburgwal 48, 1012 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. loet@leydesdorff.net ; Abstract Social order does not exist as a stable phenomenon, but can be considered as “an order of reproduced expectations.”
Keywords: anticipation, social system, meaning, incursion, globalization 1. The social phenomenon of meaning can be modeled. The modeling system can also be considered as a semantic domain in which historical developments can be appreciated and provided with value. Luhmann (1984) built his sociological theory on this next step by considering the communication of meaning as the operator of social systems: meaning is the medium of social systems and communication the operator. 2. 3. 4. 5.
F(x) = a (1 – x) ( 1 – x) Energy rate density. II. Probing further a new complexity metric - EnergyRateDensity_II_galley_2011.pdf. Energy rate density as a complexity metric and evolutionary driver - EnergyRateDensity_I_FINAL_2011.pdf. Creating reality. There are two aspects to reality. 1. The Explicit Order of Classical Physics. 2. The statistical, or Implicate Order, of Quantum Mechanics. We can calculate Explicit Order precisely using the equation: period * precession = (mass(A) * G / C^3) * (mass(B) * G / C^3) We can never know the Implicit Order exactly if there is more than one conscious observer, as multiple observers each modulate the shared reality in their competition for knowledge of reality.
We live in a reality of our creation. Goedel tells us that all formal systems are incomplete. When we encounter the Goedel limit of our model, we must change it. In other words, if multiple entities exist in the universe, each changes the reality of others by the process of observing. I think it might be useful to construct models to automate the mundane processes of our existing reality, including scientific inquiry, up to the Godel limit. What we basically want is to: "live in interesting times", but not too interesting. Gradient 1 | Calculus. Gradient.