A-Flowchart-to-Help-You-Determine-if-Yoursquore-Having-a-Rational-Discussion.jpg (JPEG Image, 622x866 pixels) - Scaled (74%) SCHOPENHAUER'S 38 STRATAGEMS, OR 38 WAYS TO WIN AN ARGUMENT. How Not To Argue. Darwin once described The Origin of Species as one long argument.
Much of science and skepticism, in fact, is the art and logic of arguing, and most of these blog posts on Skepticblog are just long written arguments. How to argue logically is therefore one of the core intellectual skill-sets of scientific skepticism. It is why skeptics will frequently whip out their logical fallacy detectors when arguing with defenders of not-so-critical thinking or true-beliefs.
Even in everyday conversations we commit and encounter countless errors in logic. It is therefore highly valuable to be familiar with the common ways in which human logic goes astray. Also the internet has resulted in an explosion of human communication, especially, it seems, arguing. I recently was pointed to this website, which reprints an internet meme that has been going around for a while. Also, the author of this list is not really Arthur Schopenhaur, but is a modern adaptation of his writing.
The Extension. Olber's Paradox: Why Is The Sky Dark at Night? The oldest and simplest astronomical observation tells us something profound about the universe.
The sky is dark at night. It isn’t obvious why this should be so. If you stand in a small grove of trees and look toward the horizon, you can see patches of sky in the distance between the tree trunks. But if you stand in a large forest, your view is everywhere blocked by a “solid wall” of tree trunks. Extending the analogy to three dimensions, if the universe of stars is large enough, your line of sight should be blocked in every direction by a “solid wall” of stars. The entire sky would be about as bright, and as hot, as the surface of the Sun. Eastern Logic Western logic Taoist Logic. Eastern, Western, Taoist Logic The Tao makes an interesting focus point for a discussion of Eastern and Western ways of thinking.
To summarise 2,500 years of thinking into 2 sentences: The History Greek and especially Socratic ideas were passed on to the early Christian Church and thereafter both strongly influenced the development of Western thinking and value systems. Meanwhile in the East, Chinese and Indian philosophy created a slightly different way of seeing life. Aristotle's logic - Why Aristotelian logic does not work.
Introduction By Aristotelian logic, I mean category logic, excluded-middle logic, on/off logic, either/or logic.
No greys – only black and white. This false ‘logic’ lies at the heart of authoritarianism, conflict, and a great deal of inadequate ‘science’. You are either for us or against us. He ‘is’ ‘good’ or he ‘is’ ‘bad’ . Aristotelian logic is also called by some, ‘Descartian logic’. The problems caused by Aristotelian logic are legion and accumulate. In this document, the elements in the green and yellow boxes refer to the fundamentals of rational communication. Reality You have been raised in an unsane culture. Every time you use a word you make a choice, you form a category to which only you have access. Logic and Philosophy of Science. Logic Problems - Raking Leaves. Logic Puzzles. Logic Puzzles - Difficult. Logic Puzzles <p style="font-style:bold; color:red"> Warning: Solutions are currently displayed.
To hide and show the solutions as desired, enable javascript on your browser </span></p> 1. The Most Intelligent Prince A king wants his daughter to marry the smartest of 3 extremely intelligent young princes, and so the king's wise men devised an intelligence test. The princes are gathered into a room and seated, facing one another, and are shown 2 black hats and 3 white hats. The king tells them that the first prince to deduce the color of his hat without removing it or looking at it will marry his daughter. You are one of the princes. Note: You know that your competitors are very intelligent and want nothing more than to marry the princess.
Show Hint Show Solution Hint: Based on what you know, why are the other princes unable to solve this puzzle? Solution: White. The king would not select two white hats and one black hat. 2. 100 Gold Coins Guess: Guess | Show Hint Show Solution Solution: 98. Logic Games : Free Logic Games For Kids. Free Grid Logic Game - Play The Free Grid Logic Game - Download Free Screensavers, Free Wallpapers, Send Free eCards and Play and Download Free Games - ScenicReflections.com. Deciding When to Study. Arm-chair logic - logic test.
Arm-chair logic - logic test 2. SCHOPENHAUER'S 38 STRATAGEMS, OR 38 WAYS TO WIN AN ARGUMENT. Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860), was a brilliant German philosopher.
These 38 Stratagems are excerpts from "The Art of Controversy", first translated into English and published in 1896. Carry your opponent's proposition beyond its natural limits; exaggerate it. The more general your opponent's statement becomes, the more objections you can find against it. The more restricted and narrow his or her propositions remain, the easier they are to defend by him or her. Use different meanings of your opponent's words to refute his or her argument. (abstracted from the book:Numerical Lists You Never Knew or Once Knew and Probably Forget, by: John Boswell and Dan Starer)