Compiler Construction by Niklaus Wirth. Let's Build a Compiler. Formal grammar. A formal grammar is a set of rules for rewriting strings, along with a "start symbol" from which rewriting starts.
Therefore, a grammar is usually thought of as a language generator. However, it can also sometimes be used as the basis for a "recognizer"—a function in computing that determines whether a given string belongs to the language or is grammatically incorrect. To describe such recognizers, formal language theory uses separate formalisms, known as automata theory. One of the interesting results of automata theory is that it is not possible to design a recognizer for certain formal languages. CoolAid: The Cool Reference Manual. DGrok. Delphi 2009 Reverse Engineered Grammar. C BNF grammar. ANSI C grammar (Lex) ANSI C grammar (Yacc) ISO/IEC 9899:TC2. ISO/IEC 9899:TC3. ISO/IEC 9899:1999 (E) ISO/IEC 9899:2011 (Abstract) ISO/IEC 9899:201x. Hyperlinked C++ BNF Grammar. ANSI C++ Grammar Summary. ANSI C++ Grammar. ISO/IEC 14882:2003 (Preview) ISO/IEC 14882:2011 (Preview) ISO/IEC 14882:2011 (Draft)
ARM C++ Grammar. C# Grammar. This appendix contains summaries of the lexical and syntactic grammars found in the main document, and of the grammar extensions for unsafe code.
The F# 2.0 Language Specification. Ruby Draft Specification. Sep. 2010 Dear Sirs and Madams; We are pleased to release the final draft of Ruby specification document which we have drafted reflecting comments which were submitted for Ruby community’s review on the first version of the draft we came up with in December 2009.
We appreciate everyone who reviewed the first draft with diligence and love. After the review, we have made much effort to improve the draft, including resolving issues reported as comments. All the comments we received strongly helped us to improve the draft and derived the final one. The final draft is supposed to be submitted to the Japanese Industrial Standards Committee (JISC) for official review in short.
If you have a feedback about the specification, please send it to . IPA Ruby Standardization WG ChairmanIkuo NAKATA Drafting Guidelines In drafting the specification, we have set the following guidelines. Use Ruby 1.8.7 as the primary reference. First, we use Ruby 1.8.7 as the primary reference. Scope. ISO/IEC 30170:2012 (Preview) BNF for MiniJava. Zend PHP Lexical Scanner. Zend PHP Parser. PHP grammar notes « Things My Brain's Been Thinking About. I’m refining an ANTLR grammar to parse PHP, which runs into the issue that (so far as I can determine) there’s no formal definition of the PHP language, other than just what the Zend PHP engine accepts.
There is documentation at php.net, which is a great help, but is often not complete, and sometimes muddles together discussions about PHP 4 and 5, whose syntax can be substantially different. So in this post I’m recording some notes on a number of finer points of PHP syntax which seem to be undocumented. In particular: The Abstract Grammar — phc v0.3.0 documentation. This is the full and authoritative definition of the phc abstract grammar for PHP in maketea format (this can also be found in src/generated_src/ast.tea in the distribution). For a description of the structure of the grammar, and how it converts to C++ code, refer to the Maketea Theory. Overall Structure PHP_script ::= Statement* ; Class_def ::= Class_mod CLASS_NAME extends:CLASS_NAME?
Implements:INTERFACE_NAME* Member* ;Class_mod ::= "abstract"? Php-syntax-yacc. Php-syntax-ebnf. Python Grammar. Flex: The Fast Lexical Analyzer. Skip Table of Contents Table of Contents Overview of Flex Flex is a tool for generating scanners.
A scanner, sometimes called a tokenizer, is a program which recognizes lexical patterns in text. The flex program reads user-specified input files, or its standard input if no file names are given, for a description of a scanner to generate. Available Downloads See the files area of the flex project for flex release downloads. Other Resources The flex manual contains details of how flex works and how you can use it in your programs and applications.the flex-help mailing list is the place to post questions regarding flex usage.The flex-announce mailing list provides low-volume news of flex releases.The flex SourceForge project page contains links to all flex-related sourceforge-hosted resources.The Debian Project Flex Bug Page is often a great place to find patches and information about bug fixes of interest to flex users.
Flex User's Manual. JFlex User's Manual. The Fast Lexical Analyser Generator Copyright ©1998-2014 by Gerwin Klein, Steve Rowe, and Régis Décamps.
JFlex User's Manual Version 1.5.1, March 21, 2014 Contents JFlex is a lexical analyser generator for Java written in Java. Design goals The main design goals of JFlex are: Full unicode supportFast generated scanners Fast scanner generationConvenient specification syntaxPlatform independenceJLex compatibility About this manual. SPIM Documentation. Bison User's Manual. CUP User's Manual. Scott E.
Hudson Graphics Visualization and Usability Center Georgia Institute of Technology Modified by Frank Flannery, C. Scott Ananian, Dan Wang with advice from Andrew W.