Jaydn Hughes
INFOMINE: Scholarly Internet Resource Collections. Design plans. Cancer Research / Treatments. Cancer Treatments and Cures. A Combined Preclinical Therapy of Cannabinoids and Temozolomide against Glioma. Antitumor Effects of Nonpsychoactive Cannabidiol on Humans. Neuroprotection by Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, M. van der Stelt1, W. B. Veldhuis2,3, P. R. Bär3, G. A. +Show Affiliations The Journal of Neuroscience, 1 September 2001, 21(17): 6475-6479; Abstract Excitotoxicity is a paradigm used to explain the biochemical events in both acute neuronal damage and in slowly progressive, neurodegenerative diseases.
The endogenous cannabinoid system comprises two cannabinoid receptors, designated CB1 and CB2, which have been cloned and characterized (Di Marzo, 1998). (Endo)cannabinoids have also been tested in models of excitotoxicity, which is a concept of neuronal cell death caused by overactivation of excitatory amino acid receptors. The therapeutic effects of cannabinoids in in vivo models of cerebral ischemia are also not consistent. In light of the ambiguous results from both in vitro models of excitotoxicity and in vivo models of cerebral ischemia, we investigated the neuroprotective properties of Δ9-THC in an in vivo model of secondary excitotoxicity. Animal model. MRI experiments. Fig. 1. British Journal of Cancer - Abstract of article: A pilot clinical study of [Delta]9-tetrahydrocannabinol in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.
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Art. Gardening. Gardening Books & Literature. Mycology. Mushrooms are a kind of fungal reproductive structure From mycology arose the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases, and the two disciplines remain closely related because the vast majority of "plant" pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist. Historically, mycology was a branch of botany because, although fungi are evolutionarily more closely related to animals than to plants, this was not recognized until a few decades ago. Pioneer mycologists included Elias Magnus Fries, Christian Hendrik Persoon, Anton de Bary, and Lewis David von Schweinitz. Many fungi produce toxins, antibiotics, and other secondary metabolites. Fungi are fundamental for life on earth in their roles as symbionts, e.g. in the form of mycorrhizae, insect symbionts, and lichens.
Some fungi can cause disease in humans or other organisms. History[edit] The Middle Ages saw little advancement in the body of knowledge about fungi. Medicinal mycology[edit] See also[edit] Medicinal mushrooms. Lepista nuda Medicinal mushrooms are mushrooms used in medicine or medical research. History[edit] Ganoderma cultivation (left, Hokkaido) Cordyceps store (right, Lhasa) Mushrooms, fermentation molds, mycelia, sclerotium, and lichens, have a history of medicinal use spanning millennia. The mushroom with the longest record of medicinal use Ganoderma lucidum, is known in Chinese as líng zhī ("spirit plant"), and in Japanese as mannentake ("10,000 year mushroom"). In ancient Japan, Grifola frondosa was worth its weight in silver.[1] A Hadith states, "Truffles are manna which Allah sent to the people of Israel through Moses, and its juice is a medicine for the eyes Medical applications[edit] Antimicrobial isolates and derivatives[edit] Ling Zhi-8, an immunomodulatory protein isolated from Ganoderma lucidum Antibiotics retapamulin, tiamulin, and valnemulin are derivatives of the mushroom isolate pleuromutilin.
Mushroom enzyme inhibitors[edit] Anticancer research[edit] Antidiabetic research[edit] Psilocybin mushroom. Psilocybin mushrooms, also known as psychedelic mushrooms, are mushrooms that contain the psychedelic drugs psilocybin and psilocin. Common colloquial terms include magic mushrooms and shrooms.[1] Biological genera containing psilocybin mushrooms include Copelandia, Galerina, Gymnopilus, Inocybe, Mycena, Panaeolus, Pholiotina, Pluteus, and Psilocybe. About 40 species are found in the genus Psilocybe. Psilocybe cubensis is the most common psilocybin mushroom in subtropical areas and the black market.
Psilocybin mushrooms have likely been used since prehistoric times and may have been depicted in rock art. Many cultures have used these mushrooms in religious rites. In modern Western society, they are used recreationally for their psychedelic effects. History[edit] Early[edit] Archaeological evidence indicates the use of psilocybin-containing mushrooms in ancient times. Modern[edit] Occurrence[edit] Psilocybin is present in varying concentrations in over 200 species of Basidiomycota mushrooms. Introduction to Permaculutre by Bill Mollison. Grow your own Spirulina.