Java EE, Java ME, and Java SE. Duke, the Java mascot Sun Microsystems released the first public implementation as Java 1.0 in 1995.[1] It promised "Write Once, Run Anywhere" (WORA), providing no-cost run-times on popular platforms. Fairly secure and featuring configurable security, it allowed network- and file-access restrictions. Major web browsers soon incorporated the ability to run Java applets within web pages, and Java quickly became popular. With the advent of Java 2 (released initially as J2SE 1.2 in December 1998 – 1999), new versions had multiple configurations built for different types of platforms. For example, J2EE targeted enterprise applications and the greatly stripped-down version J2ME for mobile applications (Mobile Java).
On November 13, 2006, Sun released much of Java as free and open source software, (FOSS), under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL). There were five primary goals in the creation of the Java language:[23] Major release versions of Java, along with their release dates: Java SE Technical Documentation. Learning the Java. API. Thread. Java.lang.Object java.lang.Thread All Implemented Interfaces: Runnable public class Threadextends Objectimplements Runnable A thread is a thread of execution in a program.
The Java Virtual Machine allows an application to have multiple threads of execution running concurrently. Every thread has a priority. When a Java Virtual Machine starts up, there is usually a single non-daemon thread (which typically calls the method named main of some designated class). The exit method of class Runtime has been called and the security manager has permitted the exit operation to take place. There are two ways to create a new thread of execution. Class PrimeThread extends Thread { long minPrime; PrimeThread(long minPrime) { this.minPrime = minPrime; } public void run() { // compute primes larger than minPrime . . . } } The following code would then create a thread and start it running: PrimeThread p = new PrimeThread(143); p.start(); PrimeRun p = new PrimeRun(143); new Thread(p).start(); Since: See Also: Thread.
Basic I/O. This lesson covers the Java platform classes used for basic I/O. It first focuses on I/O Streams, a powerful concept that greatly simplifies I/O operations. The lesson also looks at serialization, which lets a program write whole objects out to streams and read them back again. Then the lesson looks at file I/O and file system operations, including random access files.
Most of the classes covered in the I/O Streams section are in the java.io package. I/O Streams Byte Streams handle I/O of raw binary data.Character Streams handle I/O of character data, automatically handling translation to and from the local character set.Buffered Streams optimize input and output by reducing the number of calls to the native API.Scanning and Formatting allows a program to read and write formatted text.I/O from the Command Line describes the Standard Streams and the Console object.Data Streams handle binary I/O of primitive data type and String values.Object Streams handle binary I/O of objects. Summary. "Hello World!" for the NetBeans IDE. It's time to write your first application! These detailed instructions are for users of the NetBeans IDE. The NetBeans IDE runs on the Java platform, which means that you can use it with any operating system for which there is a JDK available. These operating systems include Microsoft Windows, Solaris OS, Linux, and Mac OS X.
A Checklist To write your first program, you'll need: The Java SE Development Kit (JDK 7 has been selected in this example)The NetBeans IDEFor all platforms: NetBeans IDE Downloads Index page Creating Your First Application Your first application, HelloWorldApp, will simply display the greeting "Hello World! " Create an IDE projectWhen you create an IDE project, you create an environment in which to build and run your applications.
Create an IDE Project To create an IDE project: NetBeans IDE, New Project wizard, Name and Location page.Click Finish. The project is created and opened in the IDE. NetBeans IDE with the HelloWorldApp project open. The Java Platform Manager. Packaging Programs in JAR Files. The Java™ Archive (JAR) file format enables you to bundle multiple files into a single archive file. Typically a JAR file contains the class files and auxiliary resources associated with applets and applications. The JAR file format provides many benefits: Security: You can digitally sign the contents of a JAR file. Users who recognize your signature can then optionally grant your software security privileges it wouldn't otherwise have.Decreased download time: If your applet is bundled in a JAR file, the applet's class files and associated resources can be downloaded to a browser in a single HTTP transaction without the need for opening a new connection for each file.Compression: The JAR format allows you to compress your files for efficient storage.Packaging for extensions: The extensions framework provides a means by which you can add functionality to the Java core platform, and the JAR file format defines the packaging for extensions.
This lesson has four sections: Signing and Verifying JAR Files. You can optionally sign a JAR file with your electronic "signature. " Users who verify your signature can grant your JAR-bundled software security privileges that it wouldn't ordinarily have. Conversely, you can verify the signatures of signed JAR files that you want to use. This lesson shows you how to use the tools provided in the JDK to sign and verify JAR files: Understanding Signing and Verification If you're not familiar with the concepts of signing and verification, this section will help to bring you up to speed.
It contains definitions of the relevant terms, explanations of some of the benefits provided by signing, and an outline of the signing mechanism used by the Java platform as it relates to JAR files. Signing JAR Files In this section, you'll learn how to use the JDK™ tools to digitally sign your JAR files. Verifying Signed JAR Files This section shows you how to use the JDK tool set to verify signed JAR files. Thawte. Thawte® Code Signing Certificates create a unique digital signature with identification information about the publisher of the code and proof of the code’s integrity.
Java platforms (J2SE and J2ME) include security features that recognize code signing and check for a trusted digital signature. When a user encounters unsigned or self-signed executables, a security warning pops up or content fails to load, depending on the user’s security settings. When a signed executable is encountered, a pop-up notification shows the verified identity of the publisher and the certificate authority (such as Thawte) who authenticated it. The user has the information needed to decide whether or not to trust the code. In Microsoft Windows, signed code has an additional Properties tab that displays information about the signature.
The user can see who the application came from and be reminded that the application hasn't been changed since it was signed. System Requirements Sales Contacts New Certificates. VeriSign, Inc. Applets. This lesson discusses the basics of Java applets, how to develop applets that interact richly with their environment, and how to deploy applets. A Java applet is a special kind of Java program that a browser enabled with Java technology can download from the internet and run. An applet is typically embedded inside a web page and runs in the context of a browser. An applet must be a subclass of the java.applet.Applet class. The Applet class provides the standard interface between the applet and the browser environment. Swing provides a special subclass of the Applet class called javax.swing.JApplet. The JApplet class should be used for all applets that use Swing components to construct their graphical user interfaces (GUIs). The browser's Java Plug-in software manages the lifecycle of an applet.
Use a web server to test the examples in this lesson. Note: Some features of Java applets may not work as described on Mac OS.
Java Applets Quiz Intro. JApplet. Java.lang.Object java.awt.Component java.awt.Container java.awt.Panel java.applet.Applet javax.swing.JApplet All Implemented Interfaces: ImageObserver, MenuContainer, Serializable, Accessible, RootPaneContainer public class JAppletextends Appletimplements Accessible, RootPaneContainer An extended version of java.applet.Applet that adds support for the JFC/Swing component architecture. The JApplet class is slightly incompatible with java.applet.Applet. Applet.add(child); And the child will be added to the contentPane. Please see the JRootPane documentation for a complete description of the contentPane, glassPane, and layeredPane properties. Warning: Swing is not thread safe. Warning: Serialized objects of this class will not be compatible with future Swing releases. See Also: RootPaneContainer rootPane protected JRootPane rootPane getRootPane(), setRootPane(javax.swing.JRootPane) rootPaneCheckingEnabled protected boolean rootPaneCheckingEnabled accessibleContext JApplet Creates a swing applet instance.
Tut about JApplets. Recommended Version 7 Update 51 Select the file according to your operating system from the list below to get the latest Java for your computer. By downloading Java you acknowledge that you have read and accepted the terms of the end user license agreement <p><span class="termhighlight">In order to optimize your experience and provide you with accurate messages, please enable javascript in your browser for the duration of your Java installation. </span></p> What is Java? Java allows you to play online games, chat with people around the world, calculate your mortgage interest, and view images in 3D, just to name a few.
It's also integral to the intranet applications and other e-business solutions that are the foundation of corporate computing. » What is Java FAQ» More information about Java. JSObject: in JRE 1.6? Deployment In-Depth. What Is JNLP All About? JNLP is an XML-based technology for launching Java executables over the Web. Just imagine that you could specify the classpath resources in your application (images, JAR files, properties, files, etc.), scattered over the Web and giving their URLs, instead of relying on the local file system as normal Java applications do.
This feature would give you the capability of deploying your application automatically (that is, installing needed application files and launching them properly) just by declaring where your files are on the Web. Then imagine adding capabilities, such as distinguishing between versions of the same file depending on some local parameter, and so on. That would be great. Imagine you could say "If the locale is 'Chinese,' use the input framework extension and those JAR files there.
" Or "If the client platform is 'Windows', launch this installer here before running the application. " But there is a subtlety. What Do I Have to Pay for It? A First Look Listing 1. 01 <? JNLP API. Rich Internet applications (RIAs) can use the Java Network Launch Protocol (JNLP) API to perform extensive operations on the user's environment. When launched by using JNLP, even unsigned RIAs can perform the following operations with the user's permission: They can use the FileOpenService and FileSaveService API to access the user's file system..They can use the ClipboardService API to access the shared system-wide clipboard.They can use the PrintService API to access printing functions.They can use the PersistenceService API to access persistence storage.They can use the DownloadService API to control how the RIA is downloaded and cached.They can use the DownloadServiceListener API to determine progress of the RIA's download.They can use the SingleInstanceService API to decide how to handle arguments when multiple instances of the RIA are launched.They can use the ExtendedService API to request permission to open certain files that have not been opened before.
Deployment Toolkit Script. Rich Internet Applications Development and Deployment > Rich Internet Applications Deployment Advice Contents Unified Deployment Mechanism - Java Network Launch Protocol Starting in release Java SE 6 update 10, Java Network Launch Protocol (JNLP) provides a unified mechanism for deploying rich internet applications (RIAs – applets and Java Web Start applications). RIAs launched using JNLP have the following powerful capabilities at their disposal: Deployment Toolkit Script To avoid browser compatibility issues, the Deployment Toolkit script provides JavaScript functions that automatically generate the HTML required to deploy RIAs.
The script exposes a single object, named deployJava, which contains the following public functions: createWebStartLaunchButton(jnlp, minimumVersion) - Outputs a launch button for the specified JNLP URL. See the human readable version of the Deployment Toolkit for a detailed description of these public functions. Deploying Java Plug-in Applets Using JNLP <? Resources. What is Swing? The Java™ Tutorials. The Java Tutorials are practical guides for programmers who want to use the Java programming language to create applications.
They include hundreds of complete, working examples, and dozens of lessons. Groups of related lessons are organized into "trails". The Java Tutorials primarily describe features in Java SE 8. For best results, download JDK 8. What's New The Java Tutorials are continuously updated to keep up with changes to the Java Platform and to incorporate feedback from our readers. Lambda expressions enable you to treat functionality as a method argument, or code as data. Apart from fixing typos and errors, this update includes also includes the following: The Security trail has been restructured; find security information about applets and Java Web Start applications in the Java Applets lesson. Trails Covering the Basics These trails are available in book form as The Java Tutorial, Fifth Edition.
Creating Graphical User Interfaces Specialized Trails and Lessons. Components.