Physics

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Lie biography

http://www-history.mcs.st-and.ac.uk/Biographies/Lie.html

Sophus Lie 's father was Johann Herman Lie, a Lutheran minister. His parents had six children and Sophus was the youngest of the six. Sophus first attended school in the town of Moss, which is a port in south-eastern Norway, on the eastern side of the Oslo Fjord. In 1857 he entered Nissen's Private Latin School in Christiania (the city which became Kristiania, then Oslo in 1925) . While at this school he decided to take up a military career, but his eyesight was not sufficiently good so he gave up the idea and entered University of Christiania. At university Lie studied a broad science course.

Physicist Alan Tennant found it in the transitions between quantum states of cobalt ions cooled to temperatures near absolute zero and then subjected to high magnetic fields. Huh? Let me explain. To a condensed matter physicist, transitions occur when matter goes from one phase to another — for example, when water goes from ice to liquid.

http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=122365883

Finding 'Beautiful' Symmetry Near Absolute Zero : NPR

Quantum Physics

MIT Center for Collective Intelligence

While people have talked about collective intelligence for decades, new communication technologies—especially the Internet—now allow huge numbers of people all over the planet to work together in new ways. The recent successes of systems like Google and Wikipedia suggest that the time is now ripe for many more such systems, and the goal of the MIT Center for Collective Intelligence is to understand how to take advantage of these possibilities. Our basic research question is: How can people and computers be connected so that—collectively—they act more intelligently than any individuals, groups, or computers have ever done before?' The Center for Collective Intelligence brings together faculty from across MIT to conduct research on how new communications technologies are changing the way people work together. -->Thomas W.