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Kefir - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Kefir grains, which are a symbiotic culture of yeasts and bacteria, are used to make kefir Kefir (pronounced /kəˈfɪər/ kə- FEER [ 1 ] ) (alternately kefīrs , keefir , kephir , kewra , talai , mudu kekiya , milk kefir , búlgaros ) is a fermented milk drink made with kefir grains that originated with shepherds of the North Caucasus region [ citation needed ] , who discovered that fresh milk carried in leather pouches would occasionally ferment into a carbonated beverage. It is prepared by inoculating cow , goat , or sheep 's milk with kefir grains. Traditional kefir was made in skin bags that were hung near a doorway; the bag would be knocked by anyone passing through the doorway to help keep the milk and kefir grains well mixed. [ 2 ] The term 'kefir' is of Turkish origin, from köpür → köpük (foam) [ 4 ] and has become the most commonly used name, although it is known in regional areas of the world by various names.
Probiotics are live microorganisms thought to be beneficial to the host organism. According to the currently adopted definition by FAO / WHO , probiotics are: "Live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host". [ 1 ] Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and bifidobacteria are the most common types of microbes used as probiotics; but certain yeasts and bacilli may also be used. Probiotics are commonly consumed as part of fermented foods with specially added active live cultures; such as in yogurt , soy yogurt , or as dietary supplements . Etymologically, the term appears to be a composite of the Latin preposition pro ("for") and the Greek adjective βιωτικός (biotic), the latter deriving from the noun βίος (bios, "life"). [ 2 ]