Ethylene Glycol Heat-Transfer Fluid. Ethylene Glycol based water solutions are common in heat-transfer applications where the temperature in the heat transfer fluid can be below 32oF (0oC).
Ethylene glycol is also commonly used in heating applications that temporarily may not be operated (cold) in surroundings with freezing conditions - such as cars and machines with water cooled engines. Ethylene Glycol is the most common antifreeze fluid for standard heating and cooling applications. Ethylene glycol should be avoided if there is a slightest chance of leakage to potable water or food processing systems. Instead solutions based on propylene glycol are commonly used.
Specific heat capacity, viscosity and specific weight of a water and ethylene glycol solution vary significantly with the percent of ethylene glycol and the temperature of the fluid. Freezing Point of Ethylene Glycol based Water Solutions Freezing points of ethylene glycol based water solutions at various temperatures are indicated below Note! Note! Note! Note! Pressure Loss in Schedule 40 Steel Pipes.
Water flow and pressure loss in schedule 40 steel pipes - Imperial and SI units - gallons per minute, liters per second and cubic meters per hour The tables below indicates friction loss for water flow through ASME/ANSI B36.10/19 schedule 40 steel pipe.
The pressure drop calculations are made with the D'Arcy-Weisbach Equation. Fluid : Water Pipe : Steel Pipe - Schedule 40 Temperature : 20.0 oC (68.0 oF) Density : 998.3 kg/m3 (62.0 lb/ft3) Kinematic Viscosity : 1.004 10-6 m2/s (0.01 stokes) (1.08 10-5 ft2/s) Pipe Roughness Coefficient : 4.5 10-5 Related Mobile Apps from The Engineering ToolBox Pressure Loss App - free apps for offline use on mobile devices. Freeze Protection Closed Loop Systems. Pipes, pipe, piping, flow, rate, loss, losses, head, friction, hydraulic, velocity.
The calculation of the linear pressure loss, that corresponding to the general flow in a rectilinear conduit, is given by the following general formula: Dp = pressure loss in Pa L = friction factor (a number without dimension) p = density of water in kg/m3 V = flow rate in m/s D = pipe diameter in m L = pipe length in m The expression above shows that calculations of pressure losses rest entirely on the determination of the coefficient L.
The nature of the type of flow of a fluid is determined by the value of the Reynolds number. The various types of flows are visualized by the chart of the diagram of Moody using the Reynolds number for the x axis and the factor of friction F for the y axis. The mode of flow of a fluid is characterized in 3 forms: The Reynolds number is no dimensional (thus without units). The Reynolds number is defined is: Reynolds number is inversely proportional to kinematics viscosity. Kinematics viscosity (v is the ratio of dynamic viscosity on the density of the fluid.