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birth control , the voluntary limiting of human reproduction , using such means as sexual abstinence , contraception , induced abortion , and surgical sterilization . It includes the spacing as well as the number of children in a family. Birth control encompasses the wide range of rational and irrational methods that have been used in the attempt to regulate fertility, as well as the response of individuals and of groups within society to the choices offered by such methods. It has been and remains controversial. The U.S. reformer Margaret Sanger coined the phrase in 1914–15 and, like the social movement she founded, the term has been caught up in a quest for acceptance, generating many synonyms: family planning , planned parenthood , responsible parenthood, voluntary parenthood, contraception, fertility regulation, and fertility control.
As of 2012 [update] , the United States has a total resident population of 313,269,000, making it the third most populous country in the world. [ 1 ] It is a very urbanized population, with 82% residing in cities and suburbs as of 2008 (the worldwide urban rate is 50.5% [ 2 ] ). This leaves vast expanses of the country nearly uninhabited. [ 3 ] California and Texas are the most populous states, [ 4 ] as the mean center of United States population has consistently shifted westward and southward. [ 5 ] New York City is the most populous city in the United States . [ 6 ]
The United States Census Bureau (officially the Bureau of the Census , as defined in Title 13 U.S.C. § 11 ) is the government agency that is responsible for the United States Census . It also gathers other national demographic and economic data . As part of the United States Department of Commerce , the Census Bureau serves as a leading source of data about America's people and economy. [ 1 ] The most visible role of the Census Bureau is to perform the official decennial (every 10 years) count of people living in the U.S. The most important result is the reallocation of the number of seats each state is allowed in the House of Representatives, [ 1 ] but the results also affect a range of government programs received by each state. The agency director is a political appointee selected by the President of the United States .
Abortion in the United States has been legal in every state since the 1973 Supreme Court decision Roe v. Wade . Prior to " Roe ", the legality of abortion was decided by the states; it was illegal in 30 states and legal under certain cases in 20 states. Roe established that "the right of personal privacy includes the abortion decision, but that this right is not unqualified, and must be considered against important state interests in regulation.". [ 1 ] Roe established a "trimester" system of increasing state interest in the life of the fetus corresponding to the fetus's increasing "viability" (likelihood of survival outside the uterus) over the course of a pregnancy, such that states were prohibited from banning abortion early in pregnancy but allowed to impose increasing restrictions or outright bans later in pregnancy.
If we don't halt population growth with justice and compassion, it will be done for us by nature, brutally and without pity - and will leave a ravaged world. Nobel Laureate Dr. Henry W. Kendall May 24 , 2012 Yahoo!