Magnet Motor - Kicker. Have you ever wondered how those magnetic motion toys work. The picture above shows one and what is inside it. The circuit is very simple. It consists of a coil around an iron core, an NPN transistor and a 9volt battery. That is it! No resistors, no capacitors; just the coil, transistor and battery. The coil is in two parts. An inner coil to drive the moving magnet and an outer pickup coil with many many turns to sense the moving magnet and generate enough voltage to momentarily turn on the transistor. With no moving magnet near the coil, the transistor is biased completely off (small resistance of coil from base to minus) and no battery current is drawn.
The driver coil that is driven by the transistor can be seen as a lighter color near the core. The polarity of the approaching magnet determines whether this kick happens while the magnet is approaching or while the magnet is leaving the core. I was able to make my own magnet kicker motor by winding a tapped coil on an iron bolt. Péndulo de Foucault - CECs. How does the CECs' pendulum work? The pendulum is comprised of three main parts: anchorage with the energy recovery system and stabilizer, on the top part, the steel sphere and the suspension cable.
The cable that suspends the sphere is intertwined steel wire, 4mm in diameter; the sphere is chrome. The sphere is filled with lead and weighs around 100 kilograms. The energy recovery system returns the energy lost by the pendulum as a result of air friction. This mechanism is comprised of four optical movement sensors, an electronic control system, an electromagnet (coil) and a magnet.
The magnetic field generated by the coil produces force on the magnet attached to the cable inside the coil. The stabilization system consists of a metal ring in the upper part of the pendulum, known as the Charron Ring. The cardinal points and grading that enable measurement of the oscillation plane can be observed at the base. Pendulum Animation d. Pendulum Animation d. bodnar rev 09-06-11 I am always on the lookout for ideas for animations that can be used on a model railroad.
Over the years I have used electric motors, servos, solenoids, and dozens of arrangements of gears, cogs and cams to make things move! My latest project involves repurposing a home made magnetic pendulum to animate a gymnast who swings back & forth on a horizontal bar. The idea came to me after reading an article in the September 2009 issue of an electronics hobbyist magazine called Nuts & Volts.
The article described a pendulum that would swing back and forth for weeks and weeks on the power provided by a battery made up of only two AA cells. Here is the completed coil. The Circuit The circuit uses a few common parts: The schematic shows the connections between components. The simplest way to put the circuit together for testing is to use a prototyping board like the one shown here. Radio Shack sells a similar board, # 276-003. The Base and Horizontal Bar.
Electronics: Perpetuum Pendulum. You might have seen those toys were a fancy sculpture magically swings and moves, obviously driven by thin air. Or you might have seen the very first electronic watches, pupular until the quartz resonator appeared on the market in the late 1950s. The principle behind is always the same: a small electromagnet kicks the weight of a pendulum just a bit during every period, compensating for friction losses. 1.
History2. Function3. 1. Everything that moves looses energy due to friction. 2. A small permanent magnet has to be mounted at the end of the pendulum, just opposite to the fixed mounted coil which serves as an electromagnet. Schematic of the pendulum drive, see text for details. 3. The circuit of the pendulum drive consists of 3 parts 1. induction coil L1, R2 2. transistor Q and DC bias network R1, C1 3. electromagnet L2 1. Ib=(Vbat-Vbe)/R1=(2.5-0.6)/1.5M=1.2µA Ic=I(L2)=ßIb=760µA The overall power consumption of the circuit is dominated by the standby current. 4. 5. Electronics: Perpetuum Pendulum. You might have seen those toys were a fancy sculpture magically swings and moves, obviously driven by thin air.
Or you might have seen the very first electronic watches, pupular until the quartz resonator appeared on the market in the late 1950s. The principle behind is always the same: a small electromagnet kicks the weight of a pendulum just a bit during every period, compensating for friction losses. 1. History2. 1. Everything that moves looses energy due to friction. 2. A small permanent magnet has to be mounted at the end of the pendulum, just opposite to the fixed mounted coil which serves as an electromagnet. Schematic of the pendulum drive, see text for details. 3. The circuit of the pendulum drive consists of 3 parts 1. induction coil L1, R2 2. transistor Q and DC bias network R1, C1 3. electromagnet L2 1. Ib=(Vbat-Vbe)/R1=(2.5-0.6)/1.5M=1.2µA Ic=I(L2)=ßIb=760µA The overall power consumption of the circuit is dominated by the standby current. 4. 5. Pendulum. Update on 23-06-2013: the pendulum is still swinging after 2 years with the same batteries The second useless machine ever The first, the real "MOST Useless Machine Ever" can be found at: This project is almost useless, I want just to realize a pendulum that swings endless.
Nothing more. No use at all. This is not an original project but my version of a project of the past century, already seen in many different ways on the Net. #include <htc.h> #define _XTAL_FREQ 4000000 volatile unsigned char control TRIS @ 0x06; // it is not declared in PICC 9.81 void main() char Temp; // Enable Wake-up on change on GP0-1-3, disable pull-up, prescaler 128 to WDT OPTION=0b01001111; ADCON0bits.ANS1=0; // GP1= digital TRIS=0b11111011; // Set Only bit GP2=OUTPUT, GP1=INPUT while(1) // if the program starts because of interrupt or because of watchdog // it kicks the pendulum // __delay_ms(1); // wait for the best moment to kick GP2=0; // ON, because of the PNP transistor it is inverted Temp=GPIO; No! Foucault Pendulum. Foucault Pendulum Julie Jozwiak and Ian Dees Advisor: Derin Sherman It was proposed several hundred years ago that the earth rotated.
Though this fact is widely known today, the proof was not easy to find. The effect on objects is minimal, so it is fairly difficult to show. In 1851, Foucault built a pendulum. This pendulum hung from the Meridian Room of the Pantheon in Paris. There is more to the Foucault pendulum than just the earth rotating beneath it, though. Another way to think about the rotating frame of reference is to think of a child on a merry-go-round. Pendulums in the atmosphere have the problem that air resistance damps the oscillations. Another way to drive the pendulum would be to have an electromagnetic coil below the pendulum and have a light sensor at the top of the pendulum to detect when the string passes through.
The method we chose to drive our pendulum was similar to the first option. There were many difficulties encountered in the construction of our circuit. Free Pendulum Clock. By Rod ElliottLast Updated 16 May 2010 Introduction So, what is a "free pendulum clock" when it's at home? Simply, this means that the pendulum is free of any requirement to perform "work", such as advancing the movement. It may be considered that mechanical clocks fulfil this function - after all, the movement powers the clock, not vice versa. However, there are countless small losses in the going train, and the escapement may not impulse the pendulum at exactly the right place ... many don't. A free pendulum clock will usually be electrically powered, and the pendulum can be impulsed by any number of means (see the article on Clock Motors for more information.
This article describes the development of my free pendulum clock, and shows the final workings. How is this a worst case test? The pendulum is impulsed by the motor coil visible at the very bottom (below the pendulum), and a small magnet is attached to the tip of the pendulum rod. Update The Motor Figure 2 - Motor Coil And Housing.