Surviving: Way of life for British settlers, Settlement, 1788-1850, First Australians and the European Arrivals, SOSE: History Year 9, QLD. It was a struggle for the settlers to survive in the first years of the British colony in Australia.
They had come from a developed country with buildings, roads, shops and hospitals and arrived in a country that was entirely unfamiliar to them. Not only did they have to contend with strange plants and animals but the soil was also very poor and the climate much warmer and drier. The early settlers were also wary of the Indigenous peoples. The colony almost failed in the early years, as the harvests failed, but gradually the colony began to expand. Convicts The life of a convict was very harsh. Convicts gained their freedom after they had completed their sentence. The New South Wales Corps After the convicts, the military were the second largest group of British settlers in the colony. After Governor Phillip left in 1792, the New South Wales Corps took over control of the colony. Governor Lachlan Macquarie Free settlers. Convicts and the British colonies in Australia - Australia's Culture Portal.
Augustus Earle (1793-1838), , 1830, print: lithograph. Image courtesy of the :nla.pic-an6065451. A penal colony On 18 January 1788 the arrived at , which Joseph Banks had declared suitable for a penal colony after he returned from a journey there in 1770. Captain Arthur Phillip, the fleet's commander, brought a small party of marines and seamen ashore, but found the location unsuitable because the harbour was unsafe and the area lacked fresh water. ( ).
The fleet then relocated to Port Jackson. After moving further into the harbour, on 26 January 1788 Phillip raised the British flag at . 751 convicts and their children disembarked, along with 252 marines and their families. Two more convict fleets arrived in 1790 and 1791, and the first free settlers arrived in 1793. The early convicts were all sent to the colony, but by the mid-1800s they were also being sent directly to destinations such as , , and . Twenty per cent of these first convicts were women. Convict labour. Oakvale Farm, Sydney by Asiatravel.com. Key dates, facts in the history of Australia's Aborigines. Published: 1:22PM Wednesday February 13, 2008 Source: Reuters Carbon dating of rock paintings suggests Aborigines have been living in Australia for at least 40,000 years. 1770 - English explorer James Cook charts the east coast of Australia and claims it for Britain as an empty land, despite the existence of 315,000 to one million Aborigines. 1788 - First European settlers arrive to set up a penal colony on Jan. 26, now Australia's national day but known as invasion day by Aborigines. 1901 - Australia becomes an independent nation.
Its constitution, passed as an act of Britain's parliament, bans parliament from making laws for aboriginal people. 1966 - Aboriginal stockman Vincent Lingiari leads black workers in a strike at the Wave Hill cattle property in the Northern Territory over appalling work and living conditions. 1975 - Labor Prime Minister Gough Whitlam pours dirt into Aborigine Vincent Lingiari's hands in a symbolic return of aboriginal land, an area larger than the United Kingdom. The School of the Air and remote learning - Australia's Culture Portal. Australia is a huge continent and is home to some of the most geographically isolated and remote communities in the world. How do children living in these communities go to school?
The answer is and the School of the Air. is one of the means by which children in remote communities can access schools. Alternatively, provide an opportunity for children to attend schools and to grow up in their communities. Teaching and learning in both types of schools has benefited greatly from radio communication and more recently, electronic facilities.
History of remote schooling A student of Katherine School of the Air in the early 1960s. The had established the after recognising that there was an urgent need for medical and health care to people living in remote communities. In 1946, was the vice-president of the South Australian wing of the Royal Flying Doctor Service (RFDS) and a former inspector of girl's schools. How does the SOA work? The World Factbook. Australian History: Activities.