Ghalib ghazal - urdu.dictionary. .... [stuff deleted].... this gem of an ascii dictionary that contains all you need to know about Urdu words to post lyrics properly. I believe this was created by Dinesh Prabhu who's clearly spent a lot of effort and produced a great source of reference. Use it. With acknowledgements to DINESH PRABHU (prabhu@amelia.nas.nasa.gov) ################################################################################ Alphabet -------- Vowel Pronunciation Key ----------------------- a : "u" in "but" aa : "a" in "far" e : "e" in "bed" i : "i" in "fit" ee : "ee" in "feet" o : "o" in "code" u : "u" in "put" oo : "oo" in "booed" au : "ow" in "how" ai : "ei" in "neighbor" Notes: 1. ' indicates a glottal stop (pronounced like "uh") in very careful ----- speech.
LINGUIST List | Home. Indian historical linguistics: Setting the record straight. IT IS rare that Johnson is compelled to respond to comments. But my last post , about the fun parallels in the hybrid development of English and Dravidian languages, seems to have stirred the passions of our readers. Many of them commented, dismissing the post as (at best) misguided and (at worst) a piece of neocolonial rubbish. That is a shame. Studying the history of India’s languages can be immensely fascinating. With so much linguistic diversity in the subcontinent, Indian languages can provide a primer on nearly every major aspect of historical linguistics: the ways in which sound systems and grammars change over time, the impact of socioeconomic, ethnic and religious divides, the influence of foreign languages, and the development of writing systems, to name a few.
India is home to 22 constitutionally recognised languages and hundreds more unrecognised ones. The central focus of language studies in India is, of course, Sanskrit. This approach, of course, is nuanced and complex. The History of the English Language in Ten Animated Minutes. You Already Know a Little Arabic (PDF) Dash. "Dashed" redirects here. For the delivery company, see DASHED. Usage varies both within English and in other languages, but the usual convention in printed English text is: Either version may be used to denote a break in a sentence or to set off parenthetical statements (ideally with intradocument consistency).
Style and usage guides vary,[1] but often in this function en dashes are used with spaces and em dashes are used without them:[2][Em dash:] A flock of sparrows—some of them juveniles—alighted and sang. Common dashes[edit] There are several forms of dash, of which the most common are: Less common are the two-em dash (⸺) and three-em dash (⸻), both added to Unicode with version 6.1 as U+2E3A and U+2E3B. Figure dash[edit] The figure dash (‒) is so named because it is the same width as a digit, at least in fonts with digits of equal width. The figure dash is used when a dash must be used within numbers (e.g. phone number 555‒0199). En dash[edit] Ranges of values[edit] Electronic usage[edit]
Romanization, Transcription and Transliteration (Xerox Arabic Morphogical Analysis and Generation) Paul Meier Dialect Services - home - dialects - dialect coach - accent reduction - British accents - dialect instruction. Lipikaar - Type in your language. Fsi-language-courses.org.