Babylonian Empire [1900 - 1600 BC]
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Neo-Babylonian Empire [626 - 539 BC]
Neo-Babylonian Empire - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Neo-Babylonian Empire or the Chaldean Empire was a period of Mesopotamian history which began in 626 BC and ended in 539 BC. [ 1 ] During the preceding three centuries, Babylonia had been ruled by their fellow Akkadian speakers and northern neighbours, Assyria . Throughout that time Babylonia enjoyed a prominent status. The Assyrians had managed to maintain Babylonian loyalty through the Neo-Assyrian period , whether through granting of increased privileges, or militarily, but that finally changed in 627 BC with the death of the last strong Assyrian ruler, Assurbanipal , and Babylonia rebelled under Nabopolassar the Chaldean the following year. In alliance with the Medes , the city of Nineveh was sacked in 612 BC, and the seat of empire was again transferred to Babylonia .Babylonian religion - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Babylonian religion is the religious practice of the Chaldeans , from the Old Babylonian period in the Middle Bronze Age until the rise of the Neo-Assyrian Empire in the Early Iron Age . A brief revival of Chaldean religious tradition (as opposed to the closely related Chaldeans) occurred under the 7th to 6th century Chaldean dynasty . [ edit ] Mythology and cosmology
Marduk - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Marduk ( Sumerian spelling in Akkadian : AMAR.UTU 𒀫 𒌓 "solar calf"; perhaps from MERI.DUG; Biblical Hebrew מְרֹדַךְ Merodach ; Greek Μαρδοχαῖος , [ 1 ] Mardochaios ) was the Babylonian name of a late-generation god from ancient Mesopotamia and patron deity of the city of Babylon , who, when Babylon became the political center of the Euphrates valley in the time of Hammurabi ( 18th century BCE ), started to slowly rise to the position of the head of the Babylonian pantheon, a position he fully acquired by the second half of the second millennium BCE. According to The Encyclopedia of Religion , the name Marduk was probably pronounced Marutuk . The etymology of the name Marduk is conjectured as derived from amar-Utu ("bull calf of the sun god Utu"). The origin of Marduk's name may reflect an earlier genealogy, or have had cultural ties to the ancient city of Sippar (whose god was Utu , the sun god), dating back to the third millennium BCE. [ 2 ]
The following is a list of the kings of Babylonia (ancient southern - central Iraq ), compiled from the traditional Babylonian king lists and modern archaeological findings. [ edit ] The Babylonian King List The Babylonian King List is not merely a list of kings of Babylon, but is a very specific ancient list of supposed Babylonian kings recorded in several ancient locations, and related to its predecessor, the Sumerian King List . As in the latter, contemporaneous dynasties are listed chronologically without comment. There are three versions, one known as "King List A" [ 1 ] (containing all the kings from the First Dynasty of Babylon to the Neo-Assyrian king Kandalanu ) and "King List B" [ 2 ] (containing only the two first dynasties) and "King List C" [ 3 ] (containing the first seven kings of the Second Dynasty of Isin).
List of kings of Babylon - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Babylonia was an ancient cultural region in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq ), with Babylon as its capital. Babylonia emerged as a major power when Hammurabi (1792- 1750 BC or fl. ca. 1696 – 1654 BC, short chronology ) created an empire out of the territories of the former Akkadian Empire . Babylonia retained the written Semitic Akkadian language for official use (the language of its native populace), despite its Amorite founders and Kassite successors not being native Akkadians. It retained the Sumerian language for religious use, which by the time Babylon was founded was no longer a spoken language.