concept (php[2])
This post was made for any PHP web developer who ever wondered what namespaces are and why we would use them. Namespaces are a relatively new feature of PHP. They were introduced in version 5.3 and provide a way for you to encapsulate items into different “namespaces”. What are namespaces?
Beginners Guide To Using PHP Namespaces
Closure
Introduction Class used to represent anonymous functions . Anonymous functions, implemented in PHP 5.3, yield objects of this type. This fact used to be considered an implementation detail, but it can now be relied upon. Starting with PHP 5.4, this class has methods that allow further control of the anonymous function after it has been created. Besides the methods listed here, this class also has an __invoke method.
In computing , aspect-oriented programming ( AOP ) is a programming paradigm that aims to increase modularity by allowing the separation of cross-cutting concerns . AOP forms a basis for aspect-oriented software development .
AOP - Aspect-oriented programming
MVC - model view controller
In this article, we’ll cover how to separate the view of your PHP application from its other components . We’ll look at why using such an architecture is useful and what tools we can use to accomplish this. Here’s what we’ll cover: Learn some basic MVC concepts, Review some popular templating libraries, Play around with a small custom-made view class. Explore the basics of using the Twig library.
class
I started working on PHP a long time ago. Unfortunately not many PHP tutorial were available that would explain the basics of PHP at that time. It is my vision to help the entire developer community to learn the concepts of PHP.
In object-oriented programming (OOP), inheritance is a way to establish Is-a relationship between objects. It is often confused as a way to reuse the existing code which is not a good practice because inheritance for implementation reuse leads to Tight Coupling . Re-usability of code is achieved through composition ( Composition over inheritance ). In classical inheritance where objects are defined by classes , classes can inherit attributes and behavior from pre-existing classes called base classes , superclasses , or parent classes . The resulting classes are known as derived classes , subclasses , or child classes .
inheritance
Polymorphism
In computer science , polymorphism is a programming language feature that allows values of different data types to be handled using a uniform interface. The concept of parametric polymorphism applies to both data types and functions . A function that can evaluate to or be applied to values of different types is known as a polymorphic function. A data type that can appear to be of a generalized type (e.g., a list with elements of arbitrary type) is designated polymorphic data type like the generalized type from which such specializations are made. There are several fundamentally different kinds of polymorphism, two of which were originally informally described by Christopher Strachey in 1967.
encapsulation
In programming languages, encapsulation is used to refer to one of two related but distinct notions, and sometimes to the combination [ 1 ] [ 2 ] thereof: A language mechanism for restricting access to some of the object 's components. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] A language construct that facilitates the bundling of data with the methods (or other functions) operating on that data. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] Some programming language researchers and academics use the first meaning alone or in combination with the second as a distinguishing feature of object oriented programming , while other programming languages which provide lexical closures view encapsulation as a feature of the language orthogonal to object orientation.
Object-oriented programming ( OOP ) is a programming paradigm that represents concepts as " objects " that have data fields (attributes that describe the object) and associated procedures known as methods . Objects, which are usually instances of classes , are used to interact with one another to design applications and computer programs. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ edit ] Overview In programming languages an object is the composition of nouns (like data such as numbers, strings, or variables) and verbs (like actions, such as functions).
OOP - Object-oriented programming
ORM - Object-relational mapping
Object-relational mapping ( ORM , O/RM , and O/R mapping ) in computer software is a programming technique for converting data between incompatible type systems in object-oriented programming languages. This creates, in effect, a "virtual object database " that can be used from within the programming language. There are both free and commercial packages available that perform object-relational mapping, although some programmers opt to create their own ORM tools. [ edit ] Overview Data management tasks in object-oriented (OO) programming are typically implemented by manipulating objects that are almost always non- scalar values.