"why" boxes. Formative Assessments. "If you can both listen to children and accept their answers not as things to just be judged right or wrong but as pieces of information which may reveal what the child is thinking, you will have taken a giant step toward becoming a master teacher, rather than merely a disseminator of information.
" -Easley & Zwoyer, 1975 Proof Points Black and William (1998), two leading authorities on the importance of teachers maintaining a practice of on-going formative assessment, defined it as, “all those activities undertaken by teachers, and by the students in assessing themselves, which provide information to be used as feedback to modify the teaching and learning activities in which they are engaged.” Formative assessment encompasses a variety of strategies to determine student progress toward achieving specified learning goals. The strategies for investigating student learning identified below provide different types of data from and about students. Celt.tufts.edu/downloads/SummativeandFormativeAssessment.pdf. Ten Paperless Math Assessment Strategies. "Why" Boxes to Explain Mathematical Thinking. Blueprint for Pre-Assessment. Formative Assessments. Formative Assessment Strategies List.