Earth dreams alga. Is Seaweed the Future of Biofuel? Algae Cultivation - Tubular Photobioreactor - Oilgae - Oil from Algae. Among the proposed photobioreactors, tubular photobioreactor is one of the most suitable types for outdoor mass cultures. Most outdoor tubular photobioreactors are usually constructed with either glass or plastic tube and their cultures are re-circulated either with pump or preferably with airlift system.
They can be in form of horizontal / serpentine, vertical near horizontal, conical, inclined photobioreactor. Aeration and mixing of the cultures in tubular photobioreactors are usually done by air-pump or airlift systems. Tubular photobioreactor Tubular photobioreactor are very suitable for outdoor mass cultures of algae since they have large illumination surface area. On the other hand, one of the major limitations of tubular photobioreactor is poor mass transfer. Tubular photobioreactors consist of straight, coiled or looped transparent tubing arranged in various ways for maximizing sunlight capture. See the following sections in photobioreactor: Test-batch mini-processor. Spanish version -- Versión en español This mini-processor is easy to make from not very much, mostly kitchenware, along with an electric drill, some scrap iron and a few bits and pieces.It's effective and safe, closed and virtually air-tight, with no splashing or leaking of hot fumes, and it has full temperature control.It makes one- or two-litre batches, for tests or for demonstrations.
It's suitable for the single-stage and two-stage processes. And you can take it anywhere.It's the ideal processor for beginners. Unlike kitchen blenders, it closely mimics the processing action of full-scale reactors in miniature -- it's much easier to scale up when you're ready for full-sized batches. There's no need to follow this prescription exactly -- use what's to hand, improvise. Cut a square hole in the lid the exact size and shape of the bush; cut another hole in the lid insert. Environmental News Network -- Know Your Environment. Energy Independence: A Short History - by Charles Homans.
It might be the last truly bipartisan policy aim in Washington, and the least plausible one: Every U.S. president since Richard Nixon has pledged allegiance to the goal of "energy independence," even as the United States has remained dependent on imported oil. And as China's appetite for fossil fuels surpasses America's, energy anxiety has gone global -- just in time for another presidential election year. 1859Edwin L. Drake drills the world's first oil well outside Titusville, Pennsylvania. 1865 In The Coal Question, British economist William Stanley Jevons warns that Britain is in danger of running out of coal, threatening the country's strategic and economic preeminence -- a matter, he writes, of "almost religious importance. " 1912 Winston Churchill, then first lord of the admiralty, begins converting Britain's Royal Navy -- the world's largest-from coal to oil, exchanging energy independence for power and speed. 1970 The United States becomes a net oil importer.
November 7: U.S. SURE: Algal Growth and Biodiesel Production. Make your own biodiesel. The first two methods sound easiest, but, as so often in life, it's not quite that simple. Vegetable oil is much more viscous (thicker) than either petro-diesel or biodiesel. The purpose of mixing or blending straight vegetable oil (SVO) with other fuels and solvents is to lower the viscosity to make it thinner, so that it flows more freely through the fuel system into the combustion chamber.
If you're mixing SVO with petro-diesel you're still using fossil-fuel -- cleaner than most, but still not clean enough, many would say. Still, for every gallon of SVO you use, that's one gallon of fossil-fuel saved, and that much less climate-changing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. People use various mixes, ranging from 10% SVO and 90% petro-diesel to 90% SVO and 10% petro-diesel.
You might get away with it in summer time with something like an older '80s Mercedes 5-cylinder IDI diesel, which is a very tough and tolerant motor -- it won't like it but you probably won't wreck it. To each his own. Fueling the dragon: China's race into the oil market, by Gal Luft. Renewable energy commercialization. Global New Investments in Renewable Energy[1] Renewable energy commercialization involves the deployment of three generations of renewable energy technologies dating back more than 100 years.
First-generation technologies, which are already mature and economically competitive, include biomass, hydroelectricity, geothermal power and heat. Second-generation technologies are market-ready and are being deployed at the present time; they include solar heating, photovoltaics, wind power, solar thermal power stations, and modern forms of bioenergy. Third-generation technologies require continued R&D efforts in order to make large contributions on a global scale and include advanced biomass gasification, hot-dry-rock geothermal power, and ocean energy.[3] Total investment in renewable energy reached $257 billion in 2011, up from $211 billion in 2010. Overview[edit] Rationale for renewables[edit] Global public support for energy sources, based on a survey by Ipsos (2011).[23] Economic trends[edit]
EV WORLD: The Life Cycle of Liquid Fuels. Algae-filled tubes in German bioreactor produce a biodiesel fuel. Analysis by Dr. Kreider suggests this is one of the few really promising substitutes for petroleum. Dr. Jan Kreider offers his analysis of the viability of liquid fuel substitutes for petroleum. By EV World We have the technology to convert corn cobs or coal into liquid fuels for our cars, trucks, trains and planes. The question is, should we? On the answer to this critical question hinges the fate of nations, as well as car makers. When Toyota went looking for a respected scientist to help them uncover the answer, they turned to Dr. "It is in the interest of national economic security to investigate alternative sources of transportation energy before the extraction of existing supplies becomes prohibitively expensive. " -- Dr. Dr. Previous Sustainable Mobility Seminar Presentations Times Article Viewed: 8350.
Oecdbiofuels. Small Scale Biodiesel Production. Technical overview of biodiesel. Ultrasonic Processors for Biodiesel Production. When you make biodiesel, slow reaction kinetics and poor mass transfer are lowering your biodiesel plant capacity and your biodiesel yield and quality. Hielscher ultrasonic reactors improve the transesterification kinetics significantly. Therefore lower excess methanol and less catalyst are required for biodiesel processing. Biodiesel is commonly produced in batch reactors using heat and mechanical mixing as energy input. Ultrasonic cavitational mixing is an effective alternative means to achieve a better mixing in commercial biodiesel processing.
Transesterification (Chemical Conversion to Biodiesel) Manufacturing biodiesel from vegetable oils (e.g. soy, canola, jatropha, sunflower seed or algae) or animal fats, involves the base-catalyzed transesterification of fatty acids with methanol or ethanol to give the corresponding methyl esters or ethyl esters. Vegetable oils as animal fats are triglycerides composed of three chains of fatty acids bound by a glycerin molecule. Preparation. World energy consumption. World Energy Consumption refers to the total energy used by all of human civilization.
Typically measured per-year, it involves all energy harnessed from every energy source we use, applied towards humanity's endeavors across every industrial and technological sector, across every country. Being the power source metric of civilization, World Energy Consumption has deep implications for humanity's social-economic-political sphere. Institutions such as the International Energy Agency (IEA), the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), and the European Environment Agency record and publish energy data periodically. Improved data and understanding of World Energy Consumption may reveal systemic trends and patterns, which could help frame current energy issues and encourage movement towards collectively useful solutions. Fossil energy use increased most in 2000-2008. 1 terawatt-hour (TWh) = 1 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh) = 1012 watt-hours Trends[edit] Rates of world energy usage [3] Biodízel mikroalgaolajból. Technológiák » Zöld autó » Biodízel Biodízel mikroalgaolajból forrás: mernokbazis.hu Megjelenés: 2012.02.22., 13:20 Utolsó módosítás: 2012.02.22., 12:40 A fosszilis nyersanyagok korlátozott mennyiségben állnak rendelkezésre, a járművekben való elégetésük pedig növeli a CO2-terhelést.
Kapcsolódó cikkek: A növényi olajok, például szójababból vagy repcéből, a bioüzemanyagok ígéretes alapanyagai, írja a mernokbazis.hu. A mikroalgákból nyert olaj finomítása mindeddig azonban különböző nehézségekkel járt. A reakció elemzése azt mutatta ki, hogy egy kaszkádreakció ment végbe.