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Bernoulli principal and the vortex
The Bernoulli principal has a very interesting relationship with how a vortex behaves. The Bernoulli principal states in part: "for an inviscid flow, an increase in the speed of the fluid occurs simultaneously with a decrease in pressure or a decrease in the fluid's potential energy". What this is saying is that when fluid in a pipe encounters a restriction, such as a narrowing of the pipe, the flow will increase in velocity.
Otto Schott, the pioneering German glass chemist, made a glass that could reliably do something that didn’t seem possible: endure sudden, uneven temperature shifts without shattering. The key, Schott discovered in 1882, was to have a critical amount of the element boron in the glass recipe. Schott’s new durable, heat-resistant borosilicate glass was an immediate commercial. Building on Schott’s work, Corning chemist W. C. Taylor found the right recipe to make an even more temperature-tolerant borosilicate glass .
Borax for a Better Railroad Lantern - Resource on Glass from The Corning Museum of Glass
Crossbow