Antiquity Journal. Other. Timur. Timur, Tarmashirin Khan, Emir Timur, Timur Beg Gurkhani[1] (Persian: تیمور Timūr, Chagatai: Temür "iron"; 9 April 1336 – 18 February 1405), historically known as Tamerlane[2] (Persian: تيمور لنگ Timūr(-e) Lang, "Timur the Lame"), was a Turko-Mongol ruler of Barlas lineage.[3][4][5] He conquered West, South and Central Asia and founded the Timurid dynasty.
He was the grandfather of Ulugh Beg, who ruled Central Asia from 1411 to 1449,[6][7][8] and the great-great-great-grandfather of Babur Beg, founder of the Mughal Empire, which ruled parts of South Asia for around four centuries, from 1526 until 1857.[9][10][11][12][13] Timur envisioned the restoration of the Mongol Empire of Genghis Khan.[14] As a means of legitimating his conquests, Timur relied on Islamic symbols and language, referring to himself as the Sword of Islam and patronizing educational and religious institutions. Early history Emir Timur feasts in the gardens of Samarkand. Personality Military leader Rise to power. Siege of Vienna. Oliver Cromwell. Oliver Cromwell (25 April 1599 – 3 September 1658)[N 1] was an English military and political leader and later Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland.
Cromwell was one of the signatories of King Charles I's death warrant in 1649, and, as a member of the Rump Parliament (1649–53), he dominated the short-lived Commonwealth of England. He was selected to take command of the English campaign in Ireland in 1649–50. Cromwell's forces defeated the Confederate and Royalist coalition in Ireland and occupied the country – bringing to an end the Irish Confederate Wars. During this period a series of Penal Laws were passed against Roman Catholics (a significant minority in England and Scotland but the vast majority in Ireland), and a substantial amount of their land was confiscated.
Cromwell also led a campaign against the Scottish army between 1650 and 1651. Early years[edit] Marriage and family[edit] Crisis and recovery[edit] Oliver Cromwell's house in Ely. Cromwellian conquest of Ireland. The Cromwellian conquest of Ireland or Cromwellian war in Ireland (1649–53) refers to the conquest of Ireland by the forces of the English Parliament, led by Oliver Cromwell, during the Wars of the Three Kingdoms.
Cromwell landed in Ireland with his New Model Army on behalf of England's Rump Parliament in August 1649. The Parliamentarian reconquest of Ireland was brutal, and Cromwell is still a hated figure in Ireland.[4] The extent to which Cromwell, who was in direct command for the first year of the campaign, is responsible for the atrocities is debated to this day. Some historians[5] argue that the actions of Cromwell were within the then-accepted rules of war, or were exaggerated or distorted by later propagandists; these claims have been challenged by others.[6] Dublin Castle.
Dublin Castle, Upper Yard The Bedford Tower of 1761 comprises the centrepiece of the Castle's principal Georgian courtyard, flanked by the gates of Fortitude and Justice.
It was from this building the Irish Crown Jewels were stolen in 1907. Dublin Castle, seen from the park to the south, outside the walls. Roles[edit] Entry to the State Apartments Dublin Castle fulfilled a number of roles through its history. Ross Castle. Ross Castle Ross Castle (Irish: Caisleán an Rois) is the ancestral home of the O'Donoghue clan though it is better known for its association with the Brownes of Killarney who owned it until recently.
It is located on the edge of Lough Leane, in Killarney National Park, County Kerry, Ireland. Ross Castle was built in the late 15th century by local ruling clan the O'Donoghues Mor (Ross), though ownership changed hands during the Second Desmond Rebellion of the 1580s to the Mac Carty Mor. He then leased the castle and the lands to Sir Valentine Browne ancestor of the Earls of Kenmare. The castle was amongst the last to surrender to Oliver Cromwell's Roundheads during the Irish Confederate Wars, and was only taken when artillery was brought by boat via the River Laune.[1] Lord Muskerry (MacCarty) held the castle against General Ludlow who marched to Ross with 4000 foot soldiers and 200 horse; however, it was by water that he attacked the stronghold. Defensive Features[edit]
Ireland. Ancestry.com.