Eight Disciplines Problem Solving. Eight Disciplines Problem Solving (8D) is a method used to approach and to resolve problems, typically employed by quality engineers or other professionals. Its purpose is to identify, correct and eliminate recurring problems, and it is useful in product and process improvement. It establishes a permanent corrective action based on statistical analysis of the problem (when appropriate) and focuses on the origin of the problem by determining its root causes. Although it originally comprised eight stages, or 'disciplines', it was later augmented by an initial planning stage. The 8D follows the logic of the PDCA cycle.
The disciplines are: D0: Plan: Plan for solving the problem and determine the prerequisites. D1: Use a Team: Establish a team of people with product/process knowledge. D2: Define and describe the Problem: Specify the problem by identifying in quantifiable terms the who, what, where, when, why, how, and how many (5W2H) for the problem. History[edit] Ford's perspective[edit] MechE - Academic Programs - Undergraduate Programs - Communication Guidelines. Engineering work is critically dependent upon communication skills.
Engineers must be able to report their ideas and designs clearly and succinctly to their coworkers, supervisors, and customers. The format of engineering communications can vary widely, from summaries of calculations, to short technical memos, to complete written reports, to oral presentations, to drawings describing data or machinery. The undergraduate curricula of the MechE Department include instruction in all of these formats. This web page provides guidelines for technical communication for students in the Mechanical Engineering Department. Problem Sets. The MechE faculty regard the development of good communication skills as an essential learning outcome of our undergraduate programs. Problem Sets These documents describe basic guidelines for formatting problem sets.
The Preparation of Engineering Problem Written Reports Wai K. Leslie C. James C. Smarter Planet - Traffic Congestion – Overview - United Kingdom. Manufacturing The Future: 10 Trends To Come In 3D Printing. Smarter Planet - Sustainability - Overview - United Kingdom. The greenest city in North America, which already sends only 22 percent of its waste to its landfills, is going for zero by 2020. San Francisco's resource recovery company, Recology, takes a smarter computing approach to waste collection, using an analytics-based strategy to save landfill space — as well as energy, oil and millions of trees. IBM looked at our own water usage at plants (US) and labs and set a goal for savings.
As noted in the 2011 Corporate Responsibility Report (US), water conservation initiatives in our microelectronics manufacturing operations achieved a 2.6 percent savings rate over the past five years. Government agencies, retailers, financial institutions and other organisations worldwide are assessing the current and future impact of their activities. Given increasingly finite resources, businesses depend on balanced natural ecosystems for raw materials, water, energy and the physical health of their employees and customers. Register suggested questions here. Logistics Programming in the Quad Cities. The Connected Vehicle. I am passionate about cars and always have been. As a child, I imagined owning a car that would do whatever I wanted it to. Of course, it could fly as well as drive.
But more important, it would do much more than simply getting me from point A to point B. My future car would look out for me, entertain me, and make sure that I would never be late for a playdate with my friends. These are no longer childish notions. It’s only recently that the importance of the connected car has become widely accepted. Convergence of digital lifestyles and cars The emergence of the connected vehicle is closely linked to that of smart phones and the mobile Internet, which, though still relatively new, are strongly shaping consumer expectations for on-the-go access to data. The fact is, automakers now compete for customer dollars not only against each other but also against iPhones and iPads, especially among younger consumers. Changing demographics and the need for sustainability. Smarter Planet - Smarter Transportation - United Kingdom.
A bus, train or car to work. A bike to school. A plane for a business trip. And even if you don't leave your home, your life is still influenced by the transportation industry: virtually every tangible good — food, clothing, medicine, vehicles, computers — has been transported into your world from somewhere else. Transportation — the movement of people and goods from point A to point B — is the life force of our economy. Cities could not exist if we didn't have transportation systems to move people and goods in, out and around them. Yet many of our transportation systems are inadequate to serve the needs of the 21st century. New “Industrial Internet” Report From GE Finds That Combination of Networks and Machines Could Add $10 to $15 Trillion to Global GDP.
The Industrial Revolution radically changed the way we use energy and make things. The Internet Revolution altered how we communicate, consume information, and spend money. A combination of these two transformations, called the Industrial Internet, now links networks, data and machines. It promises to remake global industry, boost productivity, and launch an entirely new age of prosperity and robust growth. “The world is on the threshold of a new era of innovation and change with the rise of the Industrial Internet,” according to a new report written by Peter C. Evans and Annunziata, who discussed the Industrial Internet on CNBC this morning, write that “the deeper meshing of the digital world with the world of machines holds the potential to bring about profound transformation to global industry, and in turn to many aspects of daily life, including the way many of us do our jobs.”
The opportunity is staggering. How? But the Industrial Internet has a broader impact still. Economist Ricardo Hausmann Says U.S. Should Reinvent Manufacturing. The U.S. has lost millions of manufacturing jobs since 2000. Industries have moved offshore. America’s trade deficit in physical goods is $738 billion a year. So what’s the path forward? Countries trying to understand what’s next for their export industries often call Ricardo Hausmann. The Harvard economist and onetime planning minister for Venezuela has developed a kind of economic aptitude test for nations. That sounds plain enough, but the results of Hausmann’s analyses are often surprising.
Hausmann, who is director of Harvard’s Center for International Development, spends much of his time helping nations that are just beginning to modernize their industries, such as Angola and Nigeria. Why has the number of American manufacturing jobs been decreasing so quickly? The fundamental reason is that productivity in manufacturing has been rising rapidly and demand for manufactured products has been growing more slowly.
And then, manufacturing is becoming feasible in more parts of the world. What Is the Industrial Internet? Factory 2.0: GE’s advanced battery plant in Schenectady is a test-bed for the “industrial Internet.” What is the industrial Internet? As good a place as any to find the answer is at General Electric’s newest U.S. factory, a $170 million plant it opened in Schenectady, New York, last July to produce advanced sodium-nickel batteries for uses that include powering cell-phone towers (see “GE’s Novel Battery to Bolster the Grid,” “Inside GE’s New Battery Factory,” and “Can We Build Tomorrow’s Breakthroughs?”). The factory has more than 10,000 sensors spread across 180,000 square feet of manufacturing space, all connected to a high-speed internal Ethernet.
They monitor things like which batches of powder are being used to form the ceramics at the heart of the batteries, how high a temperature is being used to bake them, how much energy is required to make each battery, and even the local air pressure. Evolving Excellence. China Loses Edge As World's Factory Floor. Open-source design: Mass bespoke. ENGINEERING.com | The Engineer's Ultimate Resource Tool. Engineering News & Engineering Jobs | The Engineer.
Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership (APPEL) The link you're trying to access is no longer current. To view the most up-to-date information about APPEL’s course offerings, hands-on development programs, and stories, please visit the APPEL website at We highly encourage you to update any old bookmarks or references to point to our new website. We appreciate your patience as we improve our online presence and we look forward to sharing new online features and resources with you. The NASA Academy of Program/Project & Engineering Leadership (APPEL) contributes to NASA’s mission by promoting individual, team, and organizational excellence in program/project management and engineering through the application of its world-class training curriculum, hands-on development programs, and strategic communications to share project management and engineering lessons throughout the agency.
To stay current on APPEL’s news and events, sign up for the monthly APPEL News Digest. APPEL welcomes your feedback. MIT Technology Review: November/December 2012. Aims and functions of production department Business organisation business studies and business english. Production is the functional area responsible for turning inputs into finished outputs through a series of production processes. The Production Manager is responsible for making sure that raw materials are provided and made into finished goods effectively. He or she must make sure that work is carried out smoothly, and must supervise procedures for making work more efficient and more enjoyable. Five production sub-fuctions In a manufacturing company the production function may be split into five sub-functions: 1. Theproduction and planning department will set standards and targets for each section of the production process.
The quantity and quality of products coming off a production line will be closely monitored. 2. 3. 4. 5. A key aspect of modern production is ensuring quality. Total quality management Car plants like Leyland build quality into every stage of the production process. For businesses to be competitive, Production and Marketing need to work in an integrated way. 4 Signs You Will Fail as a Leader. Here's a statement of the blindingly obvious: strong, effective leadership is better than weak, ineffective leadership. Thankfully, it's usually obvious which is which--most of us can spot a strong leader from a weak one with relative ease. The problem comes when a weak leader masquerades as a strong leader. Outwardly, they appear effective, dependable, on top of things. But look closely at what they believe to be strong leadership and what you see is in fact a set of dangerous, destructive behaviors.
It's one thing having to work alongside a weak leader who thinks otherwise. Time for some tough love. 1. When I meet with weak or ineffective leaders, they can (and do) talk about their business for hours, uninterrupted and without assistance from others. Talking with truly effective leaders is just the opposite. 2. No, it's not a sign of leadership strength to be permanently over-scheduled and over-worked. 3.
Strong leaders look for success in others. 4. Πώς να κοστολογήσετε τα προϊόντα και τις υπηρεσίες σας - MSN - Οικονομία. Της Δήμητρας Καδδά Έχετε ένα συμβουλευτικό γραφείο, φτιάχνετε κοσμήματα ή είστε λιανέμπορος; Υπολογίστε πόσες είναι οι δαπάνες σας και μάθετε να κοστολογείται σωστά. Χρήσιμες συμβουλές για τον νέο επιχειρηματία από την Το Startup Greece. Έχετε ένα συμβουλευτικό γραφείο, φτιάχνετε κοσμήματα ή είστε λιανέμπορος; Ξέρετε πως να κοστολογήσετε τα προϊόντα και τις υπηρεσίες σας; Χρήσιμες συμβουλές για τον νέο επιχειρηματία δίνει το Startup Greece, το δίκτυο πληροφόρησης των νέων επιχειρηματιών που υποστηρίζεται από το Υπουργείο Ανάπτυξης.
Όπως εξηγεί το Startup, η παραγωγή προϊόντων και η παροχή υπηρεσιών συνοδεύεται από δαπάνες, οι οποίες θα πρέπει να καλυφθούν από την τιμή πώλησης, στην οποία φυσικά θα πρέπει να υπάρχει και ένα περιθώριο κέρδους το οποίο θα επιτρέπει την ανταμοιβή του επιχειρηματία, για το ρίσκο που επέλεξε να πάρει ανοίγοντας μια επιχείρηση και επενδύοντας χρόνο και χρήματα σε αυτή. 1) Άμεσα και Έμμεσα κόστη . 1.1 Κόστος εργασίας 1.2 Κόστος υλικών 1.2 Δαπάνες 2.1 Συγκέντρωση.
Lean manufacturing. Overview[edit] The difference between these two approaches is not the goal itself, but rather the prime approach to achieving it. The implementation of smooth flow exposes quality problems that already existed, and thus waste reduction naturally happens as a consequence. The advantage claimed for this approach is that it naturally takes a system-wide perspective, whereas a waste focus sometimes wrongly assumes this perspective. Both lean and TPS can be seen as a loosely connected set of potentially competing principles whose goal is cost reduction by the elimination of waste.[5] These principles include: Pull processing, Perfect first-time quality, Waste minimization, Continuous improvement, Flexibility, Building and maintaining a long term relationship with suppliers, Autonomation, Load leveling and Production flow and Visual control.
Origins[edit] Lean aims to make the work simple enough to understand, do and manage. A brief history of waste reduction thinking[edit] 20th century[edit] Lean Enterprise Leadership Information and Resources. MIT article comparing Lean, TQM, Six Sigma, “and related enterprise process improvement methods” | Michel Baudin's Blog. Last week, my Suggested Content on Scoop.It! Contained a link to a May, 2010 working paper from MIT's Engineering Systems Division (ESD) by Kirkor Bozdogan, entitled Towards an integration of the Lean enterprise system, total quality management, six sigma, and related enterprise process improvement methods .
For a scoop, it is a bit stale but it nonetheless caught my attention and I would like to supplement Bozdogan's academic perspective with my implementation experience. Describing these approaches as "complementary," as Bozdogan does, avoids controversy, but I don't believe it is accurate. They really are competitive brands put out by consultants vying for clients in overlapping markets. Exposure to the Toyota Production System (TPS) sparked my interest in manufacturing, in Japan in 1980, but then I immediately went to work in the semiconductor industry, where TPS is not much of a fit. The sequence of topics is as follows: Brands versus Science Product developed to match its name. Muda (Japanese term) One of the key steps in Lean and TPS is the identification of which steps add value and which do not.
By classifying all the process activities into these two categories it is then possible to start actions for improving the former and eliminating the latter. Some of these definitions may seem rather 'idealist' but this tough definition is seen as important to the effectiveness of this key step. Once value-adding work (actual work) has been separated from waste then waste can be subdivided into 'needs to be done (auxiliary work) but non-value adding' waste and pure waste.
The clear identification of 'non-value adding work', as distinct from waste or work, is critical to identifying the assumptions and beliefs behind the current work process and to challenging them in due course. The expression "Learning to see" comes from an ever developing ability to see waste where it was not perceived before. There can be more forms of waste in addition to the seven.
The Eight Wastes - DOWNTIME[5]