Music Genres
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Charlie Parker
Charlie „Bird“ Parker (* 29. August 1920 als Charles Parker Jr. in Kansas City , Kansas ; † 12. März 1955 in New York ) war ein US-amerikanischer Musiker ( Altsaxophonist und Komponist ), der als einer der Schöpfer und herausragenden Interpreten des Bebop zu einem der wichtigsten und einflussreichsten Musiker in der Geschichte des Jazz wurde. Ab 1942 wirkte er an den legendären Jamsessions im Monroe’s und im Minton’s Playhouse in Harlem mit, wo er gemeinsam mit Dizzy Gillespie und Thelonious Monk entscheidende Grundlagen für den Modern Jazz legte. Er spielte dabei für die Zeit kühne Dissonanzen und rhythmische Verschiebungen , die jedoch allesamt von seinem Gefühl für melodische Schlüssigkeit geprägt waren.
Jazz is a music that originated at the beginning of the 20th century within the African-American communities of the Southern United States . Its roots lie in the African-American adoption of European harmony and form to existing African musical elements. African musical influences are evident in the use of blue notes , improvisation , polyrhythms , syncopation and the swung note . [ 1 ] From its early development until the present day, jazz has also incorporated elements from American popular music . [ 2 ]
Jazz
Acid jazz is a musical genre that combines elements of jazz , funk and hip-hop , [ 1 ] particularly looped beats. It developed in the UK over the 1980s and 1990s and could be seen as tacking the sound of jazz-funk onto electronic dance : jazz-funk musicians such as Roy Ayers , Asha Puthli , Donald Byrd and Grant Green are often credited as forerunners of acid jazz. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Acid jazz has also experienced minor influences from soul , house , and disco . While acid jazz often contains various types of electronic composition (sometimes including sampling or live DJ cutting and scratching), it is just as likely to be played live by musicians, who often showcase jazz interpretation as part of their performance. The compositions of groups such as Jamiroquai , Galliano , Urban Species , The Brand New Heavies and Incognito often feature chord structures usually associated with jazz music.
Acid jazz
Incognito (band)
Incognito is a British band , [ 1 ] as well as one of the members of the United Kingdom's acid jazz movement. Their debut album, Jazz Funk , was released in 1981, with 14 more albums following, the last of which, Surreal , was released in 2012. The band's frontman , composer , record producer , guitarist and singer is Jean-Paul 'Bluey' Maunick .
Swing music
Swing music , or simply Swing , is a form of American music that developed in the early 1930s and became a distinctive style by 1940. Swing uses a strong rhythm section of double bass and drums as the anchor for a lead section of brass instruments such as trumpets and trombones, woodwinds including saxophones and clarinets , and sometimes stringed instruments such as violin and guitar , medium to fast tempos , and a "lilting" swing time rhythm . The name swing came from the phrase ‘swing feel’ where the emphasis is on the off–beat or weaker pulse in the music (unlike classical music).Charlie Christian
Charles Henry "Charlie" Christian (July 29, 1916 – March 2, 1942) was an American swing and jazz guitarist . Christian was an important early performer on the electric guitar, and is cited as a key figure in the development of bebop and cool jazz . He gained national exposure as a member of the Benny Goodman Sextet and Orchestra from August 1939 to June 1941.
Bebop or bop is a style of jazz characterized by fast tempo , instrumental virtuosity , and improvisation based on the combination of harmonic structure and melody . It was developed in the early and mid-1940s. It first surfaced in musicians' argot some time during the first two years of American involvement in the Second World War . This style of jazz ultimately became synonymous with modern jazz, as either category reached a certain final maturity in the 1960s.
Bebop
Rock music is a genre of popular music that originated as " rock and roll " in 1950s America and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and the United States. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It has its roots in 1940s' and 1950s' rock and roll, itself heavily influenced by rhythm and blues and country music . Rock music also drew strongly on a number of other genres such as blues and folk , and incorporated influences from jazz , classical and other musical sources. Musically, rock has centered around the electric guitar , usually as part of a rock group with bass guitar and drums . Typically, rock is song-based music usually with a 4/4 time signature utilizing a verse-chorus form , but the genre has become extremely diverse and common musical characteristics are difficult to define. Like pop music , lyrics often stress romantic love but also address a wide variety of other themes that are frequently social or political in emphasis.
Rock music
Thrash Metal
Thrash Metal ( englisch to thrash : ‚dreschen‘, ‚prügeln‘, ‚verprügeln‘) ist eine schnellere und extreme Spielart des Metal , die Anfang der 1980er Jahre entstand. Thrash Metal wird fälschlicherweise häufig als Trash Metal ( englisch to trash : ‚wegwerfen‘, trash : ‚der Abfall‘/‚Müll‘) ausgesprochen und sogar schriftlich verwendet. Stil [ Bearbeiten ] Oftmals wird Thrash Metal als Verschmelzung der Energie und Geschwindigkeit des Hardcore Punk mit den Techniken der New Wave of British Heavy Metal bezeichnet und war daher einigen frühen Metallern zu punk-lastig. [1] Der ursprüngliche Thrash Metal zeichnet sich vor allem durch schnelles und präzises Riffing aus. Häufig wurde nur die offene E-Saite in Verbindung mit Powerchords verwendet.Speed Metal
Speed Metal ist die Bezeichnung einer Unterart des Metal , die Anfang bis Mitte der 1980er Jahre in Kanada und Europa entstand und sich durch ihr hohes Tempo auszeichnet. In den 1980er-Jahren wurde der mit diesem verwandte Thrash Metal oft als Speed Metal bezeichnet [1] [2] und nicht zwischen diesen Genres unterschieden [3] . Geschichte [ Bearbeiten ] Die britische Band Motörhead , die ihr gleichnamiges Debütalbum im Jahr 1977 veröffentlichte, gilt als wichtiger Speed-Metal-Pionier. [4] Zwar distanziert der Frontmann, Ian „Lemmy“ Kilmister , seine Musik vom Metal und bezeichnet sie als Rock ’n’ Roll [5] [6] , doch tritt Motörhead bis heute oft auf Metal-Festivals auf und ihre Musik enthält viele (Speed-)Metal-Fragmente.
New Wave of British Heavy Metal
Die New Wave of British Heavy Metal (NWoBHM) ist ein Terminus aus den späten 1970er und frühen 1980er Jahren, den der Londoner Heavy-Metal- DJ Neal Kay erfand und damit einer musikalischen Sparte ihren Namen gab. Er subsumiert die jungen britischen Bands, die sich in die Tradition der frühen Heavy-Metal -Bands wie Black Sabbath , Judas Priest oder Deep Purple stellten, ohne dabei auf die Energie des Punk verzichten zu wollen. [1] Die klassischen Vertreter der NWoBHM sind u. a. Angel Witch , Praying Mantis , Samson , Tygers of Pan Tang , Holocaust oder Diamond Head , aber auch noch heute erfolgreiche Bands wie Iron Maiden , Def Leppard oder Saxon . Black Sabbath, Judas Priest und Motörhead werden zwar nicht zur NWoBHM im engeren Sinne gezählt, da sie schon seit den frühen bzw. mittleren 1970ern aktiv waren, jedoch waren diese Bands 1980 mit wichtigen Alben ebenfalls maßgeblich am Aufschwung der britischen Metal -Szene beteiligt bzw. profitierten selbst davon.Death metal
Death metal is an extreme subgenre of heavy metal music . It typically employs heavily distorted guitars, tremolo picking , deep growling vocals, blast beat drumming, minor keys or atonality , and complex song structures with multiple tempo changes. Building from the musical structure of thrash metal and early black metal , death metal emerged during the mid-1980s. [ 2 ] Metal acts such as Slayer , [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Kreator , [ 5 ] Celtic Frost , [ 6 ] and Venom were very important influences to the crafting of the genre. [ 2 ] Possessed [ 7 ] and Death , [ 8 ] [ 10 ] along with bands such as Obituary , Carcass , Deicide , Cannibal Corpse and Morbid Angel are often considered pioneers of the genre. [ 11 ] In the late 1980s and early 1990s, death metal gained more media attention as popular genre niche record labels like Combat , Earache and Roadrunner began to sign death metal bands at a rapid rate. [ 12 ] Since then, death metal has diversified, spawning a variety of subgenres . [ 13 ]Melodic Death Metal
Melodic Death Metal ist ein Subgenre des Death Metal . Die Bezeichnung New Wave of Swedish Death Metal (in Anspielung auf die New Wave of British Heavy Metal ) taucht auch des Öfteren auf und ist ein Synonym für dieses Genre. Ebenso ist die Bezeichnung Göteborger Metal oder Göteborger Schule nicht unüblich, da die Stilrichtung ursprünglich aus dem Göteborger Underground entstanden ist. Geschichte [ Bearbeiten ] Die erste erfolgreiche Band dieser Stilrichtung war At The Gates , mit ihrem 1995 erschienenen Album Slaughter of the Soul , die ebenso wie die heutzutage bekanntesten Bands der Stilrichtung Dark Tranquillity und In Flames aus Göteborg kam.Children of Bodom is a Finnish metal band from Espoo . Formed in 1993, the group currently consists of Alexi Laiho ( vocals , lead guitar ), Roope Latvala ( rhythm guitar ), Janne Wirman ( keyboards ), Henkka Seppälä ( bass ), and Jaska Raatikainen ( drums ). In total they have released seven studio albums, two live albums, two EPs, two compilation albums and one DVD. The band's third studio album, Follow the Reaper , was their first album to receive a Gold certification in Finland, and since then, all seven of the band's studio albums have reached the same status.