The Big Blue. The Big Blue (released in some countries under the French title Le Grand Bleu) is a 1988 English-language film in the French Cinéma du look visual style, made by French director Luc Besson. The film is a heavily fictionalized and dramatized story of the friendship and sporting rivalry between two leading contemporary champion free divers in the 20th century: Jacques Mayol (played by Jean-Marc Barr) and Enzo Maiorca (renamed to "Enzo Molinari" and played by Jean Reno), and Mayol's fictionalized relationship with girlfriend Johana Baker (played by Rosanna Arquette). The film, which covers their childhood in 1960s Greece to their deaths in a Sicilian diving competition at around 400 feet in a 1980s competition, is a cult-classic in the diving fraternity, and became one of France's most commercially successful movies (although an adaptation for US release was a commercial failure in that country).
Plot[edit] At the next World Diving Championships, Enzo beats Jacques' record. Cast[edit] SEALAB. SEALAB I, II, and III were experimental underwater habitats developed by the United States Navy in the 1960s to prove the viability of saturation diving and humans living in isolation for extended periods of time. The knowledge gained from the SEALAB expeditions helped advance the science of deep sea diving and rescue, and contributed to the understanding of the psychological and physiological strains humans can endure. SEALAB I[edit] Before the SEALAB habitat could be emplaced, a number of rifle grenades had to be found and removed from the bottom around Argus Island. The grenades had been fired up into the air with the object of targeting their explosions when they returned to the water. With enough impacts the position of Argus Island could be determined to within a few feet. SEALAB I was commanded by Captain George F. SEALAB I is on display at the Museum of Man in the Sea, in Panama City Beach, Florida, near where it was initially tested offshore before being deployed.
British Underwater Sports Association. British Underwater Sports Association (BUSA) is the British affiliate of the Sports Committee of Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS).[2] It was created in 1997 to fill the vacancy on the CMAS Sport Committee for the United Kingdom caused by the expulsion of the British Sub-Aqua Club from CMAS in order to ensure ongoing access to international competition offered by CMAS for British underwater sports teams.[3][4] Its members include the British Finswimming Association, British Octopush Association and British Spearfishing Association.[5][6][7] Its role is exclusively one of representation of British underwater sports at the international level. It does not have any recognition from the British government or the governments of the four constituent countries of the UK. BUSA members seeking government funding for sporting activities are required to obtain a letter of support from the National Governing Body (NGB) for Sub Aqua in their country.
See also[edit] Underwater rugby. Underwater rugby "pitch" Underwater rugby (UWR) is an underwater sport whose play involves two teams seeking to gain control of a slightly negatively buoyant ball (filled with saltwater) and passing it into a heavy metal bucket serving as the opponents’ goal at the bottom of a swimming pool. It originated from within the physical fitness training regime existing in German diving clubs during the early 1960s and has little in common with rugby football except for the name.
It was recognised by the Confédération Mondiale des Activités Subaquatiques (CMAS) in 1978 and was first played as a world championship in 1980. Play[edit] It is played underwater in a pool with a depth of 3.5m to 5m and goals (heavy metal buckets with a diameter of about 40 cm) at the bottom of the pool. The ball may be passed in any direction but must not leave the water. Not many people play underwater rugby, so it is often played in mixed male-female teams. History[edit] Dr. Governing body[edit] See also[edit] Wetsuit. Spearfishing. Spearfishing is an ancient method of fishing that has been used throughout the world for millennia.
Early civilizations were familiar with the custom of spearing fish from rivers and streams using sharpened sticks. Today modern spearfishing makes use of elastic powered spearguns and slings, or compressed gas pneumatic powered spearguns, to strike the hunted fish. Specialised techniques and equipment have been developed for various types of aquatic environments and target fish.
Spearfishing may be done using free-diving, snorkelling, or scuba diving techniques. Spearfishing while using scuba equipment is illegal in some countries. History[edit] Fisherman with a spear in a wall painting from the tomb of Usheret in Thebes, 18 Dynasty, around 1430 BC Spearfishing with barbed poles (harpoons) was widespread in palaeolithic times.[1] Cosquer cave in Southern France contains cave art over 16,000 years old, including drawings of seals which appear to have been harpooned. Traditional[edit] Speargun. Dew. Dew Drops Dew on a cobweb Dew is water in the form of droplets that appears on thin, exposed objects in the morning or evening due to condensation. As the exposed surface cools by radiating its heat, atmospheric moisture condenses at a rate greater than that at which it can evaporate, resulting in the formation of water droplets.[1] When temperatures are low enough, dew takes the form of ice; this form is called frost (frost is, however, not frozen dew).
Because dew is related to the temperature of surfaces, in late summer it forms most easily on surfaces that are not warmed by conducted heat from deep ground, such as grass, leaves, railings, car roofs, and bridges. Dew should not be confused with guttation, which is the process by which plants release excess water from the tips of their leaves. Formation[edit] Occurrence[edit] The processes of dew formation do not restrict its occurrence to the night and the outdoors. Measurement[edit] A classical device for dew measurement is the drosometer. Deepsea Challenger. Deepsea Challenger (DCV 1) is a 7.3 metres (24 ft) deep-diving submersible designed to reach the bottom of Challenger Deep, the deepest known point on Earth. On March 26, 2012, Canadian film director James Cameron piloted the craft to accomplish this goal in the second manned dive reaching the Challenger Deep.[1][2][3][4] Built in Sydney, Australia by the research and design company Acheron Project Pty Ltd, Deepsea Challenger includes scientific sampling equipment and high-definition 3-D cameras, and reached the ocean's deepest point after roughly two hours of descent from the surface.[5] Development[edit] Deepsea Challenger was secretly built in Australia, in partnership with the National Geographic Society and with support from Rolex, in the Deepsea Challenge program.
The foam's strength enabled the Deepsea Challenger design to incorporate thruster motors as part of the infrastructure mounted within the foam but without the aid of a steel skeleton to mount various mechanisms. Kelp forest. Kelp forests are underwater areas with a high density of kelp. They are recognized as one of the most productive and dynamic ecosystems on Earth.[1] Smaller areas of anchored kelp are called kelp beds. Global distribution of kelp "I can only compare these great aquatic forests...with the terrestrial ones in the intertropical regions. Yet if in any country a forest was destroyed, I do not believe so nearly so many species of animals would perish as would here, from the destruction of kelp.
Amdist the leaves of this plant numerous species of fish live, which nowhere else could find food or shelter; with their destruction the many cormorants and other fishing birds, the otters, seals and porpoise, would soon perish also; and lastly, the Fuegian[s]...would...decrease in numbers and perhaps cease to exist. Kelp forests occur worldwide throughout temperate and polar coastal oceans.[1] In 2007, kelp forests were also discovered in tropical waters near Ecuador.[3] Kelp[edit] Trophic ecology[edit]
Recreational diver training. Basic diving skills training in a swimming pool Recreational Diver training is the process of developing skills and knowledge in the use of diving equipment and techniques so that the diver is able to dive with minimum risks. Not only is the underwater environment hazardous but diving equipment can be dangerous, there are unexpected problems that divers must learn to avoid. Divers need practice and a gradual increase in challenge to build their confidence in their equipment and themselves, to develop the skills needed to control the equipment and to respond properly if they encounter difficulties.
Most commercial operators and dive clubs serving divers insist that each diver is able to show them "certification", for the type of diving the diver intends to do. Dive operators, dive shops, and compressor operators on occasion have been known to refuse to allow uncertified people to dive, hire diving equipment or have their diving cylinders filled. Sources of diver training[edit] See also[edit]
List of researchers in underwater diving. List of researchers in underwater diving From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This is a listing of researchers who have produced notable developments relating to the science and technology of underwater diving. Divers who have become notable due to their exploits are not listed here, unless they have published research findings.
Researchers and inventors of diving technology[edit] Researchers in diving medicine and physiology[edit] Researchers in decompression theory[edit] Retrieved from " Categories: Navigation menu Personal tools Namespaces Variants Views Actions Navigation Interaction Tools Print/export Languages This page was last modified on 30 November 2013 at 15:23. Snorkeling. Scuba diver snorkeling at surface to dive location Snorkeling (British and Commonwealth English spelling: snorkelling) is the practice of swimming on or through a body of water while equipped with a diving mask, a shaped tube called a snorkel, and usually fins.
In cooler waters, a wetsuit may also be worn. Use of this equipment allows the snorkeler to observe underwater attractions for extended periods of time with relatively little effort. Snorkeling is a popular recreational activity, particularly at tropical resort and scuba diving locations. The primary appeal is the opportunity to observe underwater life in a natural setting without the complicated equipment and training required for scuba diving. It appeals to all ages because of how little effort there is, and without the exhaled bubbles of scuba-diving equipment. It is the basis of the two surface disciplines of the underwater sport of finswimming.[1] History[edit] Snorkeling is mentioned by Aristotle in his Parts of the Animals.
Emergency ascent. An emergency ascent is an ascent to the surface by a diver in an emergency. More specifically it refers to any of several procedures for getting to the surface in the event of an out-of-air emergency, generally while scuba diving. Emergency ascents may be broadly categorised as independent ascents, where the diver is alone and manages the ascent by him/herself, and dependent ascents, where the diver is assisted by another diver, who generally provides breathing gas, but may also provide transportation or other assistance. The extreme case of a dependent ascent is underwater rescue or recovery of an unconscious or unresponsive diver, but this is more usually referred to as diver rescue, and emergency ascent is usually used for cases where the distressed diver is at least partially able to contribute to the management of the ascent. An emergency ascent usually implies that the diver initiated the ascent voluntarily, and made the choice of the procedure. Independent action[edit] BSAC[edit]
Dive Xtras. Dive Xtras is a manufacturer of diver propulsion vehicles (DPVs) or dive scooters in Mukilteo, Washington. History[edit] Established in 2003 by Ben McGeever and Andrew Georgitsis, they introduced their first DPV in 2005.[1] This DPV was innovative in that it was the first DPV to utilize a brushless motor and electronic speed control. The combination of these features with NiMh battery technology drastically reduced the weight of DPV’s at the time.[2][3][4] Models[edit] A Scuba Diver being towed by a Dive Xtras Sierra Scooter.
Sierra Std - The Sierra standard body X-Scooter is the lightest scooter in the Dive Xtras family. CUDA 400 - NiMh Version of the CUDA Fury 1150 (aka Mini CUDA). CUDA 650 - The CUDA 650 is the front runner of the CUDA models. CUDA Fury 1150 - This X-Scooter sets new standards for performance. Accessories[edit] X-Ray Mk 1 - LED Light Dive Xtras Military[edit] Dive Xtras in the Media[edit] Featured in Mission: Impossible III. Claroworks & Google Streetview Underwater[edit] Divers Alert Network. History[edit] In 1977, Undersea Medical Society (later the Undersea and Hyperbaric Medical Society) introduced the concept of a national organization (to replace LEO-FAST at Brooks Air Force Base, directed by Colonel Jefferson Davis, M.D.) where a diving medicine specialist could be contacted by telephone 24 hours a day. Dr. Peter B. Bennett received a two-year grant from National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in September 1980 to form the "National Diving Accident Network" at the Frank G.
Hall Hyperbaric Center at Duke University Medical Center in Durham, North Carolina.[1][2] In 1981, DAN published its "Underwater Diving Accident Manual".[3] The Hyperbaric Center received 305 calls for information and assistance. The IRS granted DAN its 501(c)(3) non-profit status in 1990.[1] The organization continues to be associated with Duke University Medical Center, but moved its offices from the Frank G. Dr. Surface-supplied diving. US Navy Diver using Kirby Morgan Superlight 37 diving helmet[1] Surface supplied diving refers to divers using equipment supplied with breathing gas using a diver's umbilical from the surface, either from the shore or from a diving support vessel sometimes indirectly via a diving bell.[2] This is different from scuba diving, where the diver's equipment is completely self-contained and there is no link to the surface.
History[edit] 1842 sketch of the Deane brothers' diving helmet, the first surface-supplied diving dress equipment in the world. The brothers had insufficient funds to build the equipment themselves, so they sold the patent to their employer, Edward Barnard. By 1836 the Deane brothers had produced the world's first diving manual, Method of Using Deane's Patent Diving Apparatus which explained in detail the workings of the apparatus and pump, plus safety precautions. Variations[edit] Several different arrangements exist for supplying breathing gas to divers from the surface: Nordic Deep. Dive planning. Deep diving. Devil's Throat at Punta Sur. Underwater demolition. Maximum operating depth. Scuba set. Maximum operating depth. Technical diving. Underwater diving. Diving disorders.
Diving bell. Water table. Cave Diving Group. Timeline of diving technology. Scuba set. Maximum operating depth. Standard diving dress. National Board of Diving and Hyperbaric Medical Technology. Diffuser (breathing set part) Diving helmet. Atmospheric diving suit. Newtsuit. Decompression (diving) Recreational diving. Professional diving. Scuba diving. Buoyancy. Saturation diving. Diving chamber. Frogman. Full face diving mask. Surface-supplied diving. Dry suit. Diving regulator. Snorkeling. The Abyss. Drowning.